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Lee YJ, Wang JK, Pai YM, Frost A, Viprakasit V, Ekwattanakit S, Chin HC, Liu JY. Culture of leukocyte-derived cells from human peripheral blood: Increased expression of pluripotent genes OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, self-renewal gene TERT and plasticity. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32746. [PMID: 36701726 PMCID: PMC9857475 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
There are few stem cells in human peripheral blood (PB). Increasing the population and plasticity of stem cells in PB and applying it to regenerative medicine require suitable culture methods. In this study, leukocyte populations 250 mL of PB were collected using a blood separator before that were cultured in optimal cell culture medium for 4 to 7 days. After culturing, stemness characteristics were analyzed, and red blood cells were removed from the cultured cells. In our results, stemness markers of the leukocyte populations Sca-1+ CD45+, CD117+ CD45+, and very small embryonic-like stem cells CD34+ Lin- CD45- and CXCR4+ Lin- CD45- were significantly increased. Furthermore, the expression of stem cell genes OCT4 (POU5F1), NANOG, SOX2, and the self-renewal gene TERT was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in these cells, and it showed a significant increase. These cells could be candidates for multi-potential cells and were further induced using trans-differentiation culture methods. These cells showed multiple differentiation potentials for osteocytes, nerve cells, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes. These results indicate that appropriate culture methods can be applied to increase expression of pluripotent genes and plasticity. Leukocytes of human PB can be induced to trans-differentiate into pluripotent potential cells, which will be an important breakthrough in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jehng-Kang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Pai
- Autologous Stem Cell Technology Pty Ltd, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alan Frost
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Vip Viprakasit
- Department of Pediatrics and Thalassemia Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supachai Ekwattanakit
- Thalassemia Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hui-Chieh Chin
- Autologous Stem Cell Technology Pty Ltd, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jah-Yao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- * Correspondence: Jah-Yao Liu, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kong Road, Taipei 11490, Taiwan (ROC) (e-mail: )
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Qayed M, McGuirk JP, Myers GD, Parameswaran V, Waller EK, Holman P, Rodrigues M, Clough LF, Willert J. Leukapheresis guidance and best practices for optimal chimeric antigen receptor T-cell manufacturing. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:869-878. [PMID: 35718701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is an individualized immunotherapy that genetically reprograms a patient's T cells to target and eliminate cancer cells. Tisagenlecleucel is a US Food and Drug Administration-approved CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and r/r diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Manufacturing CAR T cells is an intricate process that begins with leukapheresis to obtain T cells from the patient's peripheral blood. An optimal leukapheresis product is essential to the success of CAR T-cell therapy; therefore, understanding factors that may affect the quality or T-cell content is imperative. CAR T-cell therapy requires detailed organization throughout the entire multistep process, including appropriate training of a multidisciplinary team in leukapheresis collection, cell processing, timing and coordination with manufacturing and administration to achieve suitable patient care. Consideration of logistical parameters, including leukapheresis timing, location and patient availability, when clinically evaluating the patient and the trajectory of their disease progression must be reflected in the overall collection strategy. Challenges of obtaining optimal leukapheresis product for CAR T-cell manufacturing include vascular access for smaller patients, achieving sufficient T-cell yield, eliminating contaminating cell types in the leukapheresis product, determining appropriate washout periods for medication and managing adverse events at collection. In this review, the authors provide recommendations on navigating CAR T-cell therapy and leukapheresis based on experience and data from tisagenlecleucel manufacturing in clinical trials and the real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muna Qayed
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
| | - Joseph P McGuirk
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - G Doug Myers
- Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Vinod Parameswaran
- Avera Medical Group Hematology, Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Edmund K Waller
- Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant Center, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Peter Holman
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Lee F Clough
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jennifer Willert
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
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Komaki A, Shahidi S, Hashemi-Firouzi N, Rafat Z, Keymoradzadeh A, Golipoor Z. Combined Effect of Co-administration of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 and Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor on Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:796230. [PMID: 35309680 PMCID: PMC8924615 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.796230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by amyloid plaque deposits, neuronal cell loss, and memory impairment. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a growth factor associated with AD improvement. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) mediates therapeutic effects of G-CSF. This study investigated the effect of combination treatment of G-CSF and SDF-1 on amyloid plaque deposits, apoptosis, and behavior of AD rats. Methods Intracerebroventricular amyloid-beta [Aβ(1-42)] peptide was used to induce AD in Aβ rats. There were six groups including naive control, sham-operated, Aβ, Aβ + G-CSF, Aβ + SDF-1, and Aβ + G-CSF + SDF-1. SDF-1 intra-cerebroventricular (ICV), G-CSF Subcutaneous (SC), or a combination of them were administered to Aβ rats weekly for 2 months. The cognition and memory were assessed using the novel object recognition, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze tests. Next, rat brains were removed and the amyloid plaque and apoptosis were detected in the brain and hippocampus using immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay, respectively. Results The amyloid-beta and apoptotic cell levels dropped in groups receiving SDF-1 and G-CSF combination compared to the Aβ group. Also, number of microglial cells increased significantly in the combination group compared to other treatment groups. Moreover, learning and memory were significantly improved in the combination group compared to the Aβ groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion SDF-1 and G-CSF combination therapy can offer a promising strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Siamak Shahidi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Hashemi-Firouzi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Rafat
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arman Keymoradzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zoleikha Golipoor
- Neuroscience Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Hong F, Shi M, Cao J, Wang Y, Gong Y, Gao H, Li Z, Zheng J, Zeng L, He A, Xu K. Predictive role of endothelial cell activation in cytokine release syndrome after chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:11063-11074. [PMID: 34734474 PMCID: PMC8650023 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CD19-target chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is highly effective for relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), but is often complicated by cytokine release syndrome (CRS), which is potentially life-threatening. Endothelial cells are the core regulator of CRS in many infectious diseases and may also play a key role after CAR-T cell therapy. We provided a detailed clinical, laboratory description and endothelial cell activation biomarkers in patients with CRS. Endothelial cell activation was associated with occurrence, development and severity of CRS, manifested by decreased serum angiopoietin (Ang)-1 levels and increased levels of von Willebrand Factor (VWF), Ang-2, Ang-2:Ang-1, sE-selectin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM)-1. Besides, the endothelial activation was correlated with the hepatic, kidney and hematopoietic dysfunction in CRS patients. After infusion of CAR-T cells, we detected changes of endothelial activation-related biomarkers within 36 hours in patients who subsequently developed CRS, especially severe CRS. Using top tree models, we could predict which patients would develop CRS, especially severe CRS, or identify the severity of CRS by certain biomarkers of endothelial activation. These data provide a new idea and will help identify new targets for early intervention and prevention of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hong
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, ShaanXi, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Cao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanqing Gong
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Jiangsu Bone Marrow Stem Cell Institute, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Jiangsu Bone Marrow Stem Cell Institute, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aili He
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, ShaanXi, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Bone Marrow Stem Cell Institute, Jiangsu, China
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Yaparla A, Koubourli DV, Popovic M, Grayfer L. Exploring the relationships between amphibian (Xenopus laevis) myeloid cell subsets. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 113:103798. [PMID: 32745480 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of distinct leukocyte subsets is governed by lineage-specific growth factors that elicit disparate expression of transcription factors and markers by the developing cell populations. For example, macrophages (Mφs) and granulocytes (Grns) arise from common granulocyte-macrophage progenitors in response to distinct myeloid growth factors. In turn, myelopoiesis of the Xenopus laevis anuran amphibian appears to be unique to other studied vertebrates in several respects while the functional differentiation of amphibian Mφs and Grns from their progenitor cells remains poorly understood. Notably, the expression of colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) or CSF-3R on granulocyte-macrophage progenitors marks their commitment to Mφ- or Grn-lineages, respectively. CSF-1R is activated by the colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and interleukin (IL-34) cytokines, resulting in morphologically and functionally distinct Mφ cell types. Conversely, CSF-3R is ligated by CSF-3 in a process indispensable for granulopoiesis. Presently, we explore the relationships between X. laevis CSF-1-Mφs, IL-34-Mφs and CSF-3-Grns by examining their expression of key lineage-specific transcription factor and myeloid marker genes as well as their enzymology. Our findings suggest that while the CSF-1- and IL-34-Mφs share some commonalities, the IL-34-Mφs possess transcriptional patterns more akin to the CSF-3-Grns. IL-34-Mφs also possess robust expression of dendritic cell-associated transcription factors and surface marker genes, further underlining the difference between this cell type and the CSF-1-derived frog Mφ subset. Moreover, the three myeloid populations differ in their respective tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, specific- and non-specific esterase activity. Together, this work grants new insights into the developmental relatedness of these three frog myeloid subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amulya Yaparla
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Daphne V Koubourli
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
| | - Milan Popovic
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
| | - Leon Grayfer
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
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Chen J, Lazarus HM, Dahi PB, Avecilla S, Giralt SA. Getting blood out of a stone: Identification and management of patients with poor hematopoietic cell mobilization. Blood Rev 2020; 47:100771. [PMID: 33213986 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has become a primary treatment for many cancers. Nowadays, the primary source of hematopoietic cells is by leukapheresis collection of these cells from peripheral blood, after a forced egress of hematopoietic cells from marrow into blood circulation, a process known as "mobilization". In this process, mobilizing agents disrupt binding interactions between hematopoietic cells and marrow microenvironment to facilitate collection. As the first essential step of HCT, poor mobilization, i.e. failure to obtain a desired or required number of hematopoietic cell, is one of the major factors affecting engraftment or even precluding transplantation. This review summarizes the available mobilization regimens using granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and plerixafor, as well as the current understanding of the factors that are associated with poor mobilization. Strategies to mobilize patients or healthy donors who failed previous mobilization are discussed. Multiple novel agents are under investigation and some of them have shown the potential to enhance the mobilization response to G-CSF and/or plerixafor. Further investigation of the risk factors including genetic factors will offer an opportunity to better understand the molecular mechanism of mobilization and help develop new therapeutic strategies for successful mobilizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hillard M Lazarus
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Parastoo B Dahi
- Department of Medicine, Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott Avecilla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sergio A Giralt
- Department of Medicine, Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.
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