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Tran NT, Liang H, Li J, Deng T, Bakky MAH, Zhang M, Li S. Cellular responses in crustaceans under white spot syndrome virus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108984. [PMID: 37549875 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity plays the most important system responsible for protecting crustaceans against invading pathogens. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is considered a serious pathogen in crustaceans with high cumulative mortality and morbidity in infected animals. Understanding the mechanism of the response of hosts to WSSV infection is necessary, which is useful for effective prevention in controlling infection. In this review, we summarize the participation of signaling pathways (toll, immune deficiency, JAK/STAT, endocytosis, mitogen-activated protein kinase, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, cGAS-STING, Wingless/Integrated signal transduction, and prophenoloxidase (proPO) cascade) and the activity of cells (apoptosis, autophagy, as well as, reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes) in the cellular-mediated immune response of crustaceans during WSSV infection. The information presented in this current review is important for a better understanding of the mechanism of the response of hosts to pathogens. Additionally, this provides a piece of basic knowledge for discovering approaches to strengthen the immune system and resistance of cultured animals against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Tuan Tran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
| | - Huifen Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jinkun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Taoqiu Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Md Akibul Hasan Bakky
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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Prestes dos Santos Tavares C, Zhao M, Lopes Vogt É, Felipe Argenta Model J, Sommer Vinagre A, de Assis Teixeira da Silva U, Ostrensky A, James Schott E. High prevalence of CsRV2 in cultured Callinectes danae: Potential impacts on soft-shell crab production in Brazil. J Invertebr Pathol 2022; 190:107739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2022.107739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Tran NT, Liang H, Zhang M, Bakky MAH, Zhang Y, Li S. Role of Cellular Receptors in the Innate Immune System of Crustaceans in Response to White Spot Syndrome Virus. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040743. [PMID: 35458473 PMCID: PMC9028835 DOI: 10.3390/v14040743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity is the only defense system for resistance against infections in crustaceans. In crustaceans, white spot diseases caused by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) are a serious viral disease with high accumulative mortality after infection. Attachment and entry into cells have been known to be two initial and important steps in viral infection. However, systematic information about the mechanisms related to WSSV infection in crustaceans is still limited. Previous studies have reported that cellular receptors are important in the innate immune system and are responsible for the recognition of foreign microorganisms and in the stimulation of the immune responses during infections. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the functions of cellular receptors, including Toll, C-type lectin, scavenger receptor, β-integrin, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, laminin receptor, globular C1q receptor, lipopolysaccharide-and β-1,3-glucan-binding protein, chitin-binding protein, Ras-associated binding, and Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule in the innate immune defense of crustaceans, especially shrimp and crabs, in response to WSSV infection. The results of this study provide information on the interaction between viruses and hosts during infections, which is important in the development of preventative strategies and antiviral targets in cultured aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Tuan Tran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (N.T.T.); (H.L.); (M.Z.); (M.A.H.B.); (Y.Z.)
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Huifen Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (N.T.T.); (H.L.); (M.Z.); (M.A.H.B.); (Y.Z.)
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (N.T.T.); (H.L.); (M.Z.); (M.A.H.B.); (Y.Z.)
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Md. Akibul Hasan Bakky
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (N.T.T.); (H.L.); (M.Z.); (M.A.H.B.); (Y.Z.)
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (N.T.T.); (H.L.); (M.Z.); (M.A.H.B.); (Y.Z.)
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (N.T.T.); (H.L.); (M.Z.); (M.A.H.B.); (Y.Z.)
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-754-86502485; Fax: +86-754-86503473
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Deng H, Zhang W, Li J, Li J, Hu L, Yan W, Liu S, He J, Weng S. A signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) gene from Scylla paramamosain is involved in resistance against mud crab reovirus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:580-591. [PMID: 31539571 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A STAT gene from Scylla paramamosain, named SpSTAT, was cloned and characterized. The full length of SpSTAT mRNA contains a 5'untranslated region (UTR) of 238 bp, an open reading frame (ORF) of 2388 bp and a 3' UTR of 326 bp. The SpSTAT protein contains four characteristic STAT domains and showed 84% identity (90% similarity) and 44% identity (64% similarity) to Litopenaeus vannamei STAT protein and Human STAT5a/b protein, respectively. The mRNA of SpSTAT was high expressed in the intestine and eyestalk and low expressed in the heart and muscle. Moreover, expression of SpSTAT was significantly responsive to challenge of mud crab reovirus (MCRV), Poly(I:C), LPS and Staphylococcus aureus. SpSTAT could be activated by Poly(I:C) and LPS to translocate to the nucleus of Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cells. SpSTAT could be phosphorylated by interaction with JAK of S. paramamosain (SpJAK) and activated to translocate to the nucleus of S2 cells. Furthermore, Silencing of SpSTAT in vivo resulted in higher mortality rate of MCRV infected mud crab and increased the viral load in tissues, suggesting that SpSTAT could play an important role in defense against MCRV in mud crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengwei Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Jinling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Lei Hu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agriculture University, 510642, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenyan Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), 519000, Zhuhai, PR China.
| | - Shaoping Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China.
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Wu W, Dai C, Duan X, Wang C, Lin X, Ke J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Liu H. miRNAs induced by white spot syndrome virus involve in immunity pathways in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:743-751. [PMID: 31408731 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei are widely cultured in the world and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) led to huge economic losses in the shrimp industry every year. In the present study, miRNAs involved in the response of shrimp L. vannamei to WSSV infection were obtained through the Illumina HiSeq 2500 high-throughput next-generation sequencing technique. A total number of 7 known miRNAs and 54 putative novel miRNAs were obtained. Among them, 14 DEMs were identified in the shrimp infected with WSSV. The putative target genes of these DEMs were related to host immune response or signaling pathways, indicating the importance of miRNAs in shrimp against WSSV infection. The results will provide information for further research on shrimp response to virus infection and contribute to the development of new strategies for effective protection against WSSV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlin Wu
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Congjie Dai
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Xunwei Duan
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Cuifang Wang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Xiaosi Lin
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Jiaying Ke
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China; School of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310004, China.
| | - Haipeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources (Xiamen University), State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
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Deng H, Xu X, Hu L, Li J, Zhou D, Liu S, Luo P, He J, Weng S. A janus kinase from Scylla paramamosain activates JAK/STAT signaling pathway to restrain mud crab reovirus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 90:275-287. [PMID: 30936049 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
JAK/STAT signaling pathways are associated with the innate immune system and play important roles in mediating immune responses to virus infection. In this study, a Janus kinase gene from Scylla paramamosain (SpJAK) was cloned and characterized. The full length of SpJAK mRNA contains a 5' untranslated region (UTR) of 304 bp, an open reading frame of 3300 bp and a 3' UTR of 302 bp. The SpJAK protein contains seven characteristic JAK homology domains (JH1 to JH7) and showed 60% identity (78% similarity), 20% identity (35% similarity), and 21% identity (37% similarity) to the Litopenaeus vannamei JAK (LvJAK) protein, the Drosophila melanogaster hopscotch protein, and the Homo sapiens JAK2 protein, respectively. The mRNA of SpJAK showed high expression in the brain and nerve but low expression in the hemocyte and muscle. Moreover, the expression of SpJAK was significantly upregulated by stimulation with mud crab reovirus (MCRV), poly(I:C), and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. SpJAK significantly activated the STAT of S. paramamosain (SpSTAT) to translocate to the nucleus of Drosophila Schneider 2 cells. SpJAK significantly enhanced the activity of the promoter of the WSSV wsv069 gene that was activated significantly by SpSTAT by acting on the STAT-binding DNA motif. These results suggest that SpJAK activates the JAK/STAT pathway. Furthermore, silencing SpJAK in vivo resulted in the high mortality rate of MCRV-infected mud crabs and increased the viral load in tissues. Hence, SpJAK could play an important role in defense against MCRV in mud crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengwei Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Lei Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Panpan Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China.
| | - Shaoping Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol / School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China.
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Li X, Meng X, Luo K, Luan S, Cao B, Kong J. cDNA cloning and expression analysis of a phosphopyruvate hydratase gene from the chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 63:173-180. [PMID: 28216323 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study a cDNA encoding a phosphopyruvate hydratase (enolase) was cloned from the muscle of the Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) and named as FcEnolase. The cDNA of FcEnolase encoded a protein of 434 amino acid residues with a molecular mass 47.22 kDa. The residues 342-355 constituted the signature motif "LLLKVNQIGSVTES". A SNP locus (C96T) in the ORF at 96 bp was identified. The results showed that the FcEnolase was a conserved gene. In the normal F. chinensis, the mRNA level in the muscle was much higher (P < 0.05) than the mRNA level in the gill and hepatopancreas. To verify the mRNA level of FcEnolase in the F. chinensis post WSSV infection, a real-time RT-PCR was performed. In the WSSV-infected F. chinensis, the FcEnolase mRNA level was significantly (P < 0.05) up-regulated in the muscle at 12 and 24 h post challenge (hpc) to approximately 2.7-fold and 2.7-fold the mRNA level in the controls, respectively. The FcEnolase mRNA level in the gill was significantly (P < 0.05) down-regulated at 6 hpc to approximately 0.3-fold the mRNA level in the control, followed by a significant (P < 0.05) up-regulation at 12 hpc to approximately 2.8-fold the mRNA level in the control. There was no obvious change of FcEnolase mRNA level in the hepatopancreas during the infection process. The expression profile coincided with the fact that WSSV primarily infects the tissues of muscle and gill, but hardly infects hepatopancreas. To verify the protein level of FcEnolase post WSSV infection, a Western blot was performed. The FcEnolase protein level in the muscle at 24 hpc significantly (P < 0.05) increased to approximately 2.1-fold the level in the control. These results showed the characterization of FcEnolase and suggested that the FcEnolase might be involved in the response of F. chinensis to WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupeng Li
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xianhong Meng
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Kun Luo
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266300, PR China
| | - Baoxiang Cao
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Jie Kong
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266300, PR China.
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Shekhar MS, Ponniah AG. Recent insights into host-pathogen interaction in white spot syndrome virus infected penaeid shrimp. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2015; 38:599-612. [PMID: 24953507 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Viral disease outbreaks are a major concern impeding the development of the shrimp aquaculture industry. The viral disease due to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) observed in early 1990s still continues unabated affecting the shrimp farms and cause huge economic loss to the shrimp aquaculture industry. In the absence of effective therapeutics to control WSSV, it is important to understand viral pathogenesis and shrimp response to WSSV at the molecular level. Identification and molecular characterization of WSSV proteins and receptors may facilitate in designing and development of novel therapeutics and antiviral drugs that may inhibit viral replication. Investigations into host-pathogen interactions might give new insights to viral infectivity, tissue tropism and defence mechanism elicited in response to WSSV infection. However, due to the limited information on WSSV gene function and host immune response, the signalling pathways which are associated in shrimp pathogen interaction have also not been elucidated completely. In the present review, the focus is on those shrimp proteins and receptors that are potentially involved in virus infection or in the defence mechanism against WSSV. In addition, the major signalling pathways involved in the innate immune response and the role of apoptosis in host-pathogen interaction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Shekhar
- Genetics and Biotechnology Unit, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, India
| | - A G Ponniah
- Genetics and Biotechnology Unit, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, India
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Wang PH, Huang T, Zhang X, He JG. Antiviral defense in shrimp: from innate immunity to viral infection. Antiviral Res 2014; 108:129-41. [PMID: 24886688 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The culture of penaeid shrimp is rapidly developing as a major business endeavor worldwide. However, viral diseases have caused huge economic loss in penaeid shrimp culture industries. Knowledge of shrimp innate immunity and antiviral responses has made important progress in recent years, allowing the design of better strategies for the prevention and control of shrimp diseases. In this study, we have updated information on shrimp antiviral immunity and interactions between shrimp hosts and viral pathogens. Current knowledge and recent progress in immune signaling pathways (e.g., Toll/IMD-NF-κB and JAK-STAT signaling pathways), RNAi, phagocytosis, and apoptosis in shrimp antiviral immunity are discussed. The mechanism of viral infection in shrimp hosts and the interactions between viruses and shrimp innate immune systems are also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hui Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzhi Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Guo He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China; School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Y, Qian Z, Qu R, Wang X, He S, Hou F, Liu Q, Mi X, Liu X. Molecular characterization, immune responsive expression and functional analysis of QM, a putative tumor suppressor gene from the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 37:1-10. [PMID: 24444825 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The QM, firstly identified as a putative tumor suppressor gene from human, has been confirmed to possess varieties of functions in a range of organisms. In the present study, the cDNA that encodes a 220-amino-acid QM protein with calculated molecular mass of 25.5 kDa and isoelectric point of 10.07 was characterized from the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of LvQM revealed that it contained a series of conserved functional motifs. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that the transcript of LvQM was extensively distributed in the tissues under investigation and most highly expressed in gill. After challenged with Vibrio anguillarum, the LvQM transcripts were significantly increased (P < 0.05) both in hepatopancreas and hemocytes in the early experimental phase. When LvQM was knocked down by RNA interference (RNAi), the transcript of prophenoloxidase (proPO) and the phenoloxidase activity (PO) in shrimp hemolymph were dramatically decreased, while the mortality was significantly increased. Furthermore, the recombinant LvQM protein (rLvQM) was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)-pLysS. Injecting the purified rLvQM mixed with V. anguillarum markedly increased the clearance rate of bacteria and PO activity in the shrimp hemolymph. Hence, we conclude that LvQM was involved in the host defense of L. vannamei, probably as a positive regulator to phenoloxidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaoying Qian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Rongfeng Qu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Xianzong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Shulin He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Fujun Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Mi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China.
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