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Wang D, Zhang X, Li H, Wang T, Ma X, Yu Z, Wang F, Zhang Y, Liu J. Iron regulatory protein from the hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis: characterization, function and assessment as a protective antigen. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:3922-3934. [PMID: 38520319 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ticks are blood-feeding ectoparasites with different host specificities and are capable of pathogen transmission. Iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) play crucial roles in iron homeostasis in vertebrates. However, their functions in ticks remain poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics, functions, molecular mechanisms, and the vaccine efficacy of IRP in the hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis. RESULTS The full-length complementary DNA of IRP from Haemaphysalis longicornis (HlIRP) was 2973 bp, including a 2772 bp open reading frame. It is expressed throughout three developmental stages (larvae, nymphs, and adult females) and in various tissues (salivary glands, ovaries, midgut, and Malpighian tubules). Recombinant Haemaphysalis longicornis IRP (rHlIRP) was obtained via a prokaryotic expression system and exhibited aconitase, iron chelation, radical-scavenging, and hemolytic activities in vitro. RNA interference-mediated IRP knockdown reduced tick engorgement weight, ovary weight, egg mass weight, egg hatching rate, and ovary vitellin content, as well as prolonging the egg incubation period. Proteomics revealed that IRP may affect tick reproduction and development through proteasome pathway-associated, ribosomal, reproduction-related, and iron metabolism-related proteins. A trial on rabbits against adult Haemaphysalis longicornis infestation demonstrated that rHlIRP vaccine could significantly decrease engorged weight (by 10%), egg mass weight (by 16%) and eggs hatching rate (by 22%) of ticks. The overall immunization efficacy using rHlIRP against adult females was 41%. CONCLUSION IRP could limit reproduction and development in Haemaphysalis longicornis, and HlIRP was confirmed as a candidate vaccine antigen to impair tick iron metabolism and protect the host against tick infestation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaojin Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yankai Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingze Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Agwunobi DO, Li M, Wang N, Chang G, Zhang X, Xue X, Yu Z, Wang H, Liu J. Proteomic analysis suggests that monoterpenes in lemongrass disrupt Ca 2+ homeostasis in Haemaphysalis longicornis leading to mitochondrial depolarization and cytotoxicity. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2100156. [PMID: 34997954 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Complex mixtures of bioactive ingredients in plant essential oils present complex chemistries which involve different modes of action. An increasing body of scientific reports has recently focused on the acaricidal activities of plant essential oils attributed to their monoterpene components, but information about their underlying molecular mechanism of action is scarce. Here, after the chemical analysis of lemongrass oil, a proteomic analysis of the ovary, salivary gland, and midgut of Haemaphysalis longicornis exposed to Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) essential oil was performed via data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) technology to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved. Pathway analysis reveals the activation of metabolic pathways mediated by oxidoreductases and transferases. Furthermore, the upregulation of various calcium-associated proteins and the upregulation of cytochrome c1, cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide IV, and programmed cell death protein 6-like isoform X1 suggest a cytotoxic mode of action via the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, mitochondrial uncoupling, and depolarization, and ATP depletion leading to either apoptotic or necrotic death. Morphological alterations observed after the RNAi of a major detoxification enzyme (glutathione S-transferase) merit further investigation. Hence, the cytotoxic mode of action exhibited by C. citratus oil could be vital for the development of eco-friendly acaricide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond O Agwunobi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengxue Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ningmei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guomin Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaomin Xue
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingze Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Licochalcone A activation of glycolysis pathway has an anti-aging effect on human adipose stem cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:25180-25194. [PMID: 34862330 PMCID: PMC8714166 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LA) is a chalcone flavonoid of Glycyrrhiza inflata, which has anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. However, no anti-aging benefits of LA have been demonstrated in vitro or in vivo. In this study, we explored whether LA has an anti-aging effect in adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). We performed β-galactosidase staining and measured reactive oxygen species, relative telomere lengths, and P16ink4a mRNA expression. Osteogenesis was assessed by Alizarin Red staining and adipogenesis by was assessed Oil Red O staining. Protein levels of related markers runt-related transcription factor 2 and lipoprotein lipase were also examined. RNA sequencing and measurement of glycolysis activities showed that LA significantly activated glycolysis in ADSCs. Together, our data strongly suggest that the LA have an anti-aging effect through activate the glycolysis pathway.
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