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Rajendran R, Krishnan R, Oh MJ. Viral reprogramming by nervous necrosis virus alters key metabolites and its pathways in sevenband grouper (Hyporthodus septemfasciatus) gills. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 154:109900. [PMID: 39265962 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) which mainly infects sevenband grouper (Hyporthodus Septemfasciatus) is considered a potential threat to the grouper aquaculture industry. The gills being one of the portal of entry and an active site of replication of fish viruses emphasises its role as a key region to study the metabolomic changes caused by viral reprograming and hijacking of metabolic pathways associated with immunity of the host. In the present study, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to detect changes of endogenous compounds of the grouper after NNV infection. A total of 75 metabolites of ten different pathways were identified. The metabolites were mainly associated with fatty acids, lipids, amino acids and nucleotides. The virus reprogramming lead to the downregulation of majority of the metabolites in their pathways. Arachidonic acid (AA), tryptophan, kynurenine and methandriol were selected as representative metabolites and challenge studies with NNV confirmed the fact that, metabolites controlled the replication of virus in a dose dependent manner. Immune gene expression studies also confirmed the effect of metabolites by upregulated expression of interleukins, cytokines and TLRs which are part of cellular immune response. This study shows the viral reprogramming of NNV in grouper gill cells resulting in alterations in basic metabolic pathways associated with normal functioning of the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rajendran
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 50626, Republic of Korea
| | - Rahul Krishnan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kerala, 682506, India
| | - Myung-Joo Oh
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 50626, Republic of Korea.
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Long M, Fan H, Gan Z, Jiang Z, Tang S, Xia H, Lu Y. Comparative genomic analysis provides insights into taxonomy and temperature adaption of Aeromonas salmonicida. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023; 46:545-561. [PMID: 36861816 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas salmonicida has long been known as psychrophiles since it is mainly isolated from cold water fish, and recent reports have revealed the existence of mesophilic strains isolated from warm sources. However, the genetic differences between mesophilic and psychrophilic strains remain unclear due to few complete genomes of mesophilic strain are available. In this study, six A. salmonicida (2 mesophilic and 4 psychrophilic) were genome-sequenced, and comparative analyses of 25 A. salmonicida complete genomes were conducted. The ANI values and phylogenetic analysis revealed that 25 strains formed three independent clades, which were referred as typical psychrophilic, atypical psychrophilic and mesophilic groups. Comparative genomic analysis showed that two chromosomal gene clusters, related to lateral flagella and outer membrane proteins (A-layer and T2SS proteins), and insertion sequences (ISAs4, ISAs7 and ISAs29) were unique to the psychrophilic groups, while the complete MSH type IV pili were unique to the mesophilic group, all of which may be considered as lifestyle-related factors. The results of this study not only provide new insights into the classification, lifestyle adaption and pathogenic mechanism of different strains of A. salmonicida, but also contributes to the prevention and control of disease caused by psychrophilic and mesophilic A. salmonicida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Long
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huimin Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Gan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zenghai Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaoshuai Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongli Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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Wang J, Xiu L, Qiao Y, Zhang Y. Virulence regulation of Zn2+ uptake system znuABC on mesophilic Aeromonas salmonicida SRW-OG1. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1172123. [PMID: 37065252 PMCID: PMC10090552 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1172123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychrophilic Aeromonas salmonicida could not grow above 25°C and therefore thought unable to infect mammals and humans. In our previous study, a mesophilic A. salmonicida SRW-OG1 was isolated from Epinephelus coioides with furunculosis. Through the analysis of preliminary RNA-seq, it was found that the Zn2+ uptake related genes znuA, znuB and znuC might be involved in the virulence regulation of A. salmonicida SRW-OG1. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the effect of znuABC silencing on the virulence regulation of A. salmonicida SRW-OG1. The results showed that the growth of the znuA-RNAi, znuB-RNAi, and znuC-RNAi strains was severely restricted under the Fe2+ starvation, but surprisingly there was no significant difference under the Zn2+ restriction. In the absence of Zn2+ and Fe2+, the expression level of znuABC was significantly increased. The motility, biofilm formation, adhesion and hemolysis of the znuA-RNAi, znuB-RNAi, and znuC-RNAi strains were significantly reduced. We also detected the expression of znuABC under different growth periods, temperatures, pH, as well as Cu2+ and Pb2+ stresses. The results showed that znuABC was significantly up-regulated in the logarithmic phase and the decline phase of A. salmonicida. Interestingly, the trend of expression levels of the znuABC at 18, 28, and 37°C was reversed to another Zn2+ uptake related gene zupT. Taken together, these indicated that the znuABC was necessary for A. salmonicida SRW-OG1 pathogenicity and environmental adaptability, and was cross regulated by iron starvation, but it was not irreplaceable for A. salmonicida SRW-OG1 Zn2+ uptake in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Wang
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lijun Xiu
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Qiao
- Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai, China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Youyu Zhang
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D'Addabbo P, Frezza D, Sulentic CE. Evolutive emergence and divergence of an Ig regulatory node: An environmental sensor getting cues from the aryl hydrocarbon receptor? Front Immunol 2023; 14:996119. [PMID: 36817426 PMCID: PMC9936319 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.996119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One gene, the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene, is responsible for the expression of all the different antibody isotypes. Transcriptional regulation of the IgH gene is complex and involves several regulatory elements including a large element at the 3' end of the IgH gene locus (3'RR). Animal models have demonstrated an essential role of the 3'RR in the ability of B cells to express high affinity antibodies and to express different antibody classes. Additionally, environmental chemicals such as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands modulate mouse 3'RR activity that mirrors the effects of these chemicals on antibody production and immunocompetence in mouse models. Although first discovered as a mediator of the toxicity induced by the high affinity ligand 2,3,7,8-tetracholordibenzo-p-dioxin (dioxin), understanding of the AhR has expanded to a physiological role in preserving homeostasis and maintaining immunocompetence. We posit that the AhR also plays a role in human antibody production and that the 3'RR is not only an IgH regulatory node but also an environmental sensor receiving signals through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, including the AhR. This review will 1) highlight the emerging role of the AhR as a key transducer between environmental signals and altered immune function; 2) examine the current state of knowledge regarding IgH gene regulation and the role of the AhR in modulation of Ig production; 3) describe the evolution of the IgH gene that resulted in species and population differences; and 4) explore the evidence supporting the environmental sensing capacity of the 3'RR and the AhR as a transducer of these cues. This review will also underscore the need for studies focused on human models due to the premise that understanding genetic differences in the human population and the signaling pathways that converge at the 3'RR will provide valuable insight into individual sensitivities to environmental factors and antibody-mediated disease conditions, including emerging infections such as SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro D'Addabbo
- Department of Biology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Frezza
- Department of Biology E. Calef, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Courtney E.W. Sulentic
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
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Cai H, Yu J, Qiao Y, Ma Y, Zheng J, Lin M, Yan Q, Huang L. Effect of the Type VI Secretion System Secreted Protein Hcp on the Virulence of Aeromonas salmonicida. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122307. [PMID: 36557560 PMCID: PMC9784854 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas salmonicida, a psychrophilic bacterial pathogen, is widely distributed in marine freshwater, causing serious economic losses to major salmon farming areas in the world. At present, it is still one of the most important pathogens threatening salmon farming. Hcp (haemolysin-coregulated protein) is an effector protein in the type-VI secretion system (T6SS), which is secreted by T6SS and functions as its structural component. The results of our previous genomic sequencing showed that hcp existed in the mesophilic A. salmonicida SRW-OG1 isolated from naturally infected Epinephelus coioides. To further explore the role of Hcp in A. salmonicida SRW-OG1, we constructed an hcp-RNAi strain and verified its effect on the virulence of A. salmonicida. The results showed that compared with the wild strain, the hcp-RNAi strain suffered from different degrees of decreased adhesion, growth, biofilm formation, extracellular product secretion, and virulence. It was suggested that hcp may be an important virulence gene of A. salmonicida SRW-OG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Fisheries College, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jiaying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Fisheries College, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Ying Qiao
- Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 26, New Century Avenue, Beihai 536000, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Fisheries College, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Fisheries College, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Mao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Fisheries College, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qingpi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Fisheries College, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Lixing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Fisheries College, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Y.); (L.H.)
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Enhanced Hemolytic Activity of Mesophilic Aeromonas salmonicida SRW-OG1 Is Brought about by Elevated Temperatures. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102033. [PMID: 36296309 PMCID: PMC9609485 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas salmonicida is a well-known cold-water pathogenic bacterium. Previously, we reported the first isolation of pathogenic A. salmonicida from diseased Epinephelus coioides, a kind of warm-water fish, and it was proved to be a putative mesophilic strain with potent pathogenicity to humans. In order to investigate the mechanisms underlying mesophilic growth ability and virulence, the transcriptome of A. salmonicida SRW-OG1 at 18, 28, and 37 °C was analyzed. The transcriptome of A. salmonicida SRW-OG1 at different temperatures showed a clear separation boundary, which might provide valuable information for the temperature adaptation and virulence regulation of A. salmonicida SRW-OG1. Interestingly, aerA and hlyA, the hemolytic genes encoding aerolysin and hemolysin, were found to be significantly up-regulated at 28 and 37 °C. Since aerolysin and hemolysin are the most well-known and -characterized virulence factors of pathogenic Aeromonas strains, the induction of aerA and hlyA was associated with the mesophilic virulence. Further study proved that the extracellular products (ECPs) purchased from A. salmonicida SRW-OG1 cultured at 28 and 37 °C showed elevated hemolytic activity and virulence than those at 18 °C. Moreover, the silence of aerA and hlyA led to significantly decreased hemolysis and virulence. Taken together, our results revealed that the mesophilic virulence of A. salmonicida SRW-OG1 might be due to the enhanced expression of aerA and hlyA induced by elevated temperatures.
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Yi X, Chen Y, Cai H, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhu Z, Lin M, Qin Y, Jiang X, Xu X. The temperature-dependent expression of type II secretion system controls extracellular product secretion and virulence in mesophilic Aeromonas salmonida SRW-OG1. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:945000. [PMID: 35979091 PMCID: PMC9376225 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.945000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas salmonicida is a typical cold water bacterial pathogen that causes furunculosis in many freshwater and marine fish species worldwide. In our previous study, the pathogenic A. salmonicida (SRW-OG1) was isolated from a warm water fish, Epinephelus coioides was genomics and transcriptomics analyzed. Type II secretion system was found in the genome of A. salmonicida SRW-OG1, while the expressions of tatA, tatB, and tatC were significantly affected by temperature stress. Also, sequence alignment analysis, homology analysis and protein secondary structure function analysis showed that tatA, tatB, and tatC were highly conservative, indicating their biological significance. In this study, by constructing the mutants of tatA, tatB, and tatC, we investigated the mechanisms underlying temperature-dependent virulence regulation in mesophilic A. salmonida SRW-OG1. According to our results, tatA, tatB, and tatC mutants presented a distinct reduction in adhesion, hemolysis, biofilm formation and motility. Compared to wild-type strain, inhibition of the expression of tatA, tatB, and tatC resulted in a decrease in biofilm formation by about 23.66%, 19.63% and 40.13%, and a decrease in adhesion ability by approximately 77.69%, 80.41% and 62.14% compared with that of the wild-type strain. Furthermore, tatA, tatB, and tatC mutants also showed evidently reduced extracellular enzymatic activities, including amylase, protease, lipase, hemolysis and lecithinase. The genes affecting amylase, protease, lipase, hemolysis, and lecithinase of A. salmonicida SRW-OG1 were identified as cyoE, ahhh1, lipA, lipB, pulA, HED66_RS01350, HED66_RS19960, aspA, fabD, and gpsA, which were notably affected by temperature stress and mutant of tatA, tatB, and tatC. All above, tatA, tatB and tatC regulate the virulence of A. salmonicida SRW-OG1 by affecting biofilm formation, adhesion, and enzymatic activity of extracellular products, and are simultaneously engaged in temperature-dependent pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, China
| | - Yunong Chen
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongyan Cai
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaojin Xu, ; Youyu Zhang,
| | - ZhiQin Zhu
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, China
| | - Mao Lin
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, China
| | - Yingxue Qin
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, China
| | - XingLong Jiang
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaojin Xu
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaojin Xu, ; Youyu Zhang,
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He R, Wang J, Lin M, Tian J, Wu B, Tan X, Zhou J, Zhang J, Yan Q, Huang L. Effect of Ferredoxin Receptor FusA on the Virulence Mechanism of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:808800. [PMID: 35392610 PMCID: PMC8981516 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.808800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas plecoglossicida is an aerobic Gram-negative bacterium, which is the pathogen of “Visceral white spot disease” in large yellow croaker. P. plecoglossicida is a temperature-dependent bacterial pathogen in fish, which not only reduces the yield of large yellow croaker but also causes continuous transmission of the disease, seriously endangering the healthy development of fisheries. In this study, a mutant strain of fusA was constructed using homologous recombination technology. The results showed that knockout of P. plecoglossicida fusA significantly affected the ability of growth, adhesion, and biofilm formation. Temperature, pH, H2O2, heavy metals, and the iron-chelating agent were used to treat the wild type of P. plecoglossicida; the results showed that the expression of fusA was significantly reduced at 4°C, 12°C, and 37°C. The expression of fusA was significantly increased at pH 4 and 5. Cu2+ has a significant inducing effect on the expression of fusA, but Pb2+ has no obvious effect; the expression of fusA was significantly upregulated under different concentrations of H2O2. The expression of the fusA gene was significantly upregulated in the 0.5~4-μmol/l iron-chelating agent. The expression level of the fusA gene was significantly upregulated after the logarithmic phase. It was suggested that fusA included in the TBDR family not only was involved in the transport of ferredoxin but also played important roles in the pathogenicity and environment adaptation of P. plecoglossicida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchao He
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Miaozhen Lin
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bi Wu
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaohan Tan
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianchuan Zhou
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiachen Zhang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingpi Yan
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Qingpi Yan, ; Lixing Huang,
| | - Lixing Huang
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Qingpi Yan, ; Lixing Huang,
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9
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Qi W, Gao Q, Tian J, Wu B, Lin M, Qi S, Yan Q, Huang L. Immune responses and inorganic ion transport regulations of Epinephelus coioides in response to L321_RS13075 gene of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:599-609. [PMID: 34968707 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas plecoglossicida is a well-known pathogen of viscera granulomas disease in fish, which has led to severe economic losses. In our previous study, L321_RS13075 was predicted to be a key virulence gene of P. plecoglossicida during the host-pathogen interaction with Epinephelus coioides. To investigate the role of L321_RS13075 in the regulation of virulence in P. plecoglossicida, a L321_RS13075 knock-down strain was constructed. And a significant reduction in the ability of colonization, intracellular survival, motility, biofilm formation, and adhesion was detected in the L321_RS13075 knock-down strain. Compared with the wild-type strain, the silence of L321_RS13075 in P. plecoglossicida resulted in a significant change in the transcriptome of infected Epinephelus coioides (E. coioides). Results of COG and GO analysis on E. coioides showed that genes related to immune responses and inorganic ion transport were significantly affected by L321_RS13075 of P. plecoglossicida. Meanwhile, the interactions of the genes related to immune responses and inorganic ion transport were predicted, and the important hub genes were identified. Taken together, the results indicated that L321_RS13075 was a virulent gene of P. plecoglossicida, which significantly affected the immune responses and inorganic ion transport in E. coioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilu Qi
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Qiancheng Gao
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Jing Tian
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Bi Wu
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Miaozhen Lin
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Shanni Qi
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Qingpi Yan
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China.
| | - Lixing Huang
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Special Aquatic Formula Feed, Fujian Tianma Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., PR China.
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