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Shi J, Fang C, Liu Q, Chen X, Chen H, Tian S, Peng Q, Yao X. Mechanistic elucidation of QiJu-DiHuang Wan in management of age-related dry eye through metabolomics and network pharmacology. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155884. [PMID: 39053245 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND QiJu-DiHuang Wan (QJDHW), a frequently employed Chinese herbal formula, is used to treat blurred vision. Even so, it is unclear how it works in treating age-related dry eyes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this research is to explore the potential mechanisms of QJDHW in treating dry eye using UHPLC-QE-MS, metabolomics, and network pharmacology. METHODS Six male SD rats were segregated into control and QJDHW groups. Following intervention, The primary active ingredients in QJDHW-containing serum were identified using UHPLC-QE-MS. Metabolomics and network pharmacology were utilized to investigate potential targets and pathways involved following QJDHW use. Primary lacrimal epithelial cells were used for validation. RESULTS A total of 425 active ingredients of QJDHW were identified, along with 210 active ingredients in QJDHW-containing serum. A comparison of QJDHW-containing serum and control serum samples revealed 40 metabolic differentiators. A total of 24 metabolites were found in QJDHW and QJDHW-containing serum. Network pharmacology identified 3,144 targets for dry eye disease, and 102 metabolite action targets were found for QJDHW-entering components. KEGG Enrichment Analysis revealed significance of HIF-1, apoptosis, cell cycle and PI3K-Akt, among others. HIF-1 and PI3K-Akt were chosen for verification in the oxidative damage model of lacrimal epithelial cells. CONCLUSION The main active ingredients of QJDHW and its containing serum were elucidated by UHPLC-QE-MS demonstrating that QJDHW treats age-associated dry eye by inhibiting HIF1α/NF-κB through ROS inhibition and PI3K/p-AKT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shi
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; The Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Hunan Provincial, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Chi Fang
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Qianhong Liu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; The Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Hunan Provincial, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; The Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Hunan Provincial, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Huimei Chen
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; The Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Hunan Provincial, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Sainan Tian
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; The Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Hunan Provincial, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Qinghua Peng
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; The Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Hunan Provincial, Changsha 410208, China.
| | - Xiaolei Yao
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China; The Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Hunan Provincial, Changsha 410208, China.
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Ling J, Chan BCL, Tsang MSM, Gao X, Leung PC, Lam CWK, Hu JM, Wong CK. Current Advances in Mechanisms and Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: Toward Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Therapy and Traditional Chinese Medicine. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:815075. [PMID: 35111787 PMCID: PMC8801439 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.815075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye is currently one of the most common ocular surface disease. It can lead to ocular discomfort and even cause visual impairment, which greatly affects the work and quality of life of patients. With the increasing incidence of dry eye disease (DED) in recent years, the disease is receiving more and more attention, and has become one of the hot research fields in ophthalmology research. Recently, with the in-depth research on the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of DED, it has been shown that defects in immune regulation is one of the main pathological mechanisms of DED. Since the non-specific and specific immune response of the ocular surface are jointly regulated, a variety of immune cells and inflammatory factors are involved in the development of DED. The conventional treatment of DED is the application of artificial tears for lubricating the ocular surface. However, for moderate-to-severe DED, treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary. In this review, the immunomodulatory mechanisms of DED and the latest research progress of its related treatments including Chinese medicine will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Ling
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ben Chung-Lap Chan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Miranda Sin-Man Tsang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xun Gao
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ping Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher Wai-Kei Lam
- Faculty of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jiang-Miao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Chun Kwok Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Chun Kwok Wong
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