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Ahmad F, Singh AP, Tomar D, Rahmani M, Zhang Q, Woodgett JR, Tilley DG, Lal H, Force T. Cardiomyocyte-GSK-3α promotes mPTP opening and heart failure in mice with chronic pressure overload. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 130:65-75. [PMID: 30928428 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pressure-overload (PO)- induced cardiomyopathy is one of the leading causes of left ventricular (LV) remodeling and heart failure. The role of the α isoform of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3α) in PO-induced cardiac remodeling is unclear and its downstream molecular targets are largely unknown. To investigate the potential roles of GSK-3α, cardiomyocyte-specific GSK-3α conditional knockout (cKO) and control mice underwent trans-aortic constriction (TAC) or sham surgeries. Cardiac function in the cKOs and littermate controls declined equally up to 2 weeks of TAC. At 4 week, cKO animals retained concentric LV remodeling and showed significantly less decline in contractile function both at systole and diastole, vs. controls which remained same until the end of the study (6 wk). Histological analysis confirmed preservation of LV chamber and protection against TAC-induced cellular hypertrophy in the cKO. Consistent with attenuated hypertrophy, significantly lower level of cardiomyocyte apoptosis was observed in the cKO. Mechanistically, GSK-3α was found to regulate mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and GSK-3α-deficient mitochondria showed delayed mPTP opening in response to Ca2+ overload. Consistently, overexpression of GSK-3α in cardiomyocytes resulted in elevated Bax expression, increased apoptosis, as well as a reduction of maximum respiration capacity and cell viability. Taken together, we show for the first time that GSK-3α regulates mPTP opening under pathological conditions, likely through Bax overexpression. Genetic ablation of cardiomyocyte GSK-3α protects against chronic PO-induced cardiomyopathy and adverse LV remodeling, and preserves contractile function. Selective inhibition of GSK-3α using isoform-specific inhibitors could be a viable therapeutic strategy to limit PO-induced heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdos Ahmad
- College of Medicine and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Anand P Singh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Center for Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohamed Rahmani
- College of Medicine and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qinkun Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James R Woodgett
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Center for Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hind Lal
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Thomas Force
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Research advances in kinase enzymes and inhibitors for cardiovascular disease treatment. Future Sci OA 2017; 3:FSO204. [PMID: 29134113 PMCID: PMC5674217 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The targeting of protein kinases has great future potential for the design of new drugs against cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Enormous efforts have been made toward achieving this aim. Unfortunately, kinase inhibitors designed to treat CVDs have suffered from numerous limitations such as poor selectivity, bad permeability and toxicity. So, where are we now in terms of discovering effective kinase targeting drugs to treat CVDs? Various drug design techniques have been approached for this purpose since the discovery of the inhibitory activity of Staurosporine against protein kinase C in 1986. This review aims to provide context for the status of several emerging classes of direct kinase modulators to treat CVDs and discuss challenges that are preventing scientists from finding new kinase drugs to treat heart disease.
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Drosatos K. Fatty old hearts: role of cardiac lipotoxicity in age-related cardiomyopathy. PATHOBIOLOGY OF AGING & AGE RELATED DISEASES 2016; 6:32221. [PMID: 27558317 PMCID: PMC4996860 DOI: 10.3402/pba.v6.32221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Age-related cardiomyopathy accounts for a significant part of heart failure cases. Imbalance of the energetic equilibrium of the heart along with mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired β-adrenergic receptor signaling contributes in the aggravation of cardiac function in the elderly. In this review article, studies that correlate cardiac aging with lipotoxicity are summarized. The involvement of inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, β-adrenergic receptor desensitization, and mitochondrial dysfunction as underlying mechanisms for the lipid-driven age-related cardiomyopathy are presented with the aim to indicate potential therapeutic targets for cardiac aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Drosatos
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA;
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Kwong JQ, Molkentin JD. Physiological and pathological roles of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in the heart. Cell Metab 2015; 21:206-214. [PMID: 25651175 PMCID: PMC4616258 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening results in mitochondrial energetic dysfunction, organelle swelling, rupture, and typically a type of necrotic cell death. However, acute opening of the MPTP has a critical physiologic role in regulating mitochondrial Ca(2+) handling and metabolism. Despite the physiological and pathological roles that the MPTP orchestrates, the proteins that comprise the pore itself remain an area of ongoing investigation. Here, we will discuss the molecular composition of the MPTP and its role in regulating cardiac physiology and disease. A better understanding of MPTP structure and function will likely suggest novel cardioprotective therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Q Kwong
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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