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Mazur A, Neugebauer D. Characterization of Graft Copolymers Synthesized from p-Aminosalicylate Functionalized Monomeric Choline Ionic Liquid. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2556. [PMID: 38004535 PMCID: PMC10674915 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An ionic liquid based on the monomeric choline, specifically [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-trimethylammonium chloride (TMAMA), underwent biofunctionalization through an ion exchange reaction with the model drug anion: p-aminosalicylate (PAS), a primary antibiotic for tuberculosis treatment. This modified biocompatible IL monomer (TMAMA/PAS) was subsequently copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA) to directly synthesize the well-defined graft conjugates with regulated content of ionic fraction with PAS anions (up to 49%), acting as drug delivery systems. The length of the polymeric side chains was assessed by the monomer conversions, yielding a degree of polymerization ranging from 12 to 89. The density of side chains was controlled by "grafting from" using the multifunctional macroinitiators. In vitro drug release, triggered by the ion exchange between the pharmaceutical and phosphate anions in a PBS medium, occurred in the range of 71-100% (2.8-9.8 μg/mL). Owing to significant drug content and consistent release profiles, these particular graft copolymers, derived from biomodified IL monomers with ionically attached pharmaceutical PAS in the side chains, are recognized as potentially effective drug delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorota Neugebauer
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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2
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Wang Q, Atluri K, Tiwari AK, Babu RJ. Exploring the Application of Micellar Drug Delivery Systems in Cancer Nanomedicine. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030433. [PMID: 36986532 PMCID: PMC10052155 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Various formulations of polymeric micelles, tiny spherical structures made of polymeric materials, are currently being investigated in preclinical and clinical settings for their potential as nanomedicines. They target specific tissues and prolong circulation in the body, making them promising cancer treatment options. This review focuses on the different types of polymeric materials available to synthesize micelles, as well as the different ways that micelles can be tailored to be responsive to different stimuli. The selection of stimuli-sensitive polymers used in micelle preparation is based on the specific conditions found in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, clinical trends in using micelles to treat cancer are presented, including what happens to micelles after they are administered. Finally, various cancer drug delivery applications involving micelles are discussed along with their regulatory aspects and future outlooks. As part of this discussion, we will examine current research and development in this field. The challenges and barriers they may have to overcome before they can be widely adopted in clinics will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Keerthi Atluri
- Product Development Department, Alcami Corporation, Morrisville, NC 27560, USA
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - R. Jayachandra Babu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Correspondence:
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3
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Mazur A, Niesyto K, Neugebauer D. Pharmaceutical Functionalization of Monomeric Ionic Liquid for the Preparation of Ionic Graft Polymer Conjugates. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314731. [PMID: 36499061 PMCID: PMC9735495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerizable choline-based ionic liquid (IL), i.e., [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-trimethylammonium (TMAMA/Cl¯), was functionalized by an ion exchange reaction with pharmaceutical anions, i.e., cloxacillin (CLX¯) and fusidate (FUS¯), as the antibacterial agents. The modified biocompatible IL monomers (TMAMA/CLX¯, TMAMA/FUS¯) were copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA) to prepare the graft copolymers (19-50 mol% of TMAMA units) serving as the drug (co)delivery systems. The in vitro drug release, which was driven by the exchange reaction of the pharmaceutical anions to phosphate ones in PBS medium, was observed for 44% of CLX¯ (2.7 μg/mL) and 53% of FUS¯ (3.6 μg/mL) in the single systems. Similar amounts of released drugs were detected for the dual system, i.e., 41% of CLX¯ (2.2 μg/mL) and 33% of FUS¯ (2.0 μg/mL). The investigated drug ionic polymer conjugates were examined for their cytotoxicity by MTT test, showing a low toxic effect against human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) as the normal cell lines. The satisfactory drug contents and the release profiles attained for the well-defined graft polymers with ionically bonded pharmaceuticals in the side chains make them promising drug carriers in both separate and combined drug delivery systems.
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Chu S, Shi X, Tian Y, Gao F. pH-Responsive Polymer Nanomaterials for Tumor Therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:855019. [PMID: 35392227 PMCID: PMC8980858 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.855019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of the tumor microenvironment presents significant challenges to cancer therapy, while providing opportunities for targeted drug delivery. Using characteristic signals of the tumor microenvironment, various stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems can be constructed for targeted drug delivery to tumor sites. Among these, the pH is frequently utilized, owing to the pH of the tumor microenvironment being lower than that of blood and healthy tissues. pH-responsive polymer carriers can improve the efficiency of drug delivery in vivo, allow targeted drug delivery, and reduce adverse drug reactions, enabling multifunctional and personalized treatment. pH-responsive polymers have gained increasing interest due to their advantageous properties and potential for applicability in tumor therapy. In this review, recent advances in, and common applications of, pH-responsive polymer nanomaterials for drug delivery in cancer therapy are summarized, with a focus on the different types of pH-responsive polymers. Moreover, the challenges and future applications in this field are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Chu
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolu Shi
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengxiang Gao
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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5
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Synthesis, structural characterization, thermal behavior and cytotoxic/antiproliferative activity assessments of poly(maleic anhydride-alt-acrylic acid)/hydroxyurea polymer/drug conjugate. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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6
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Panigrahi BK, Nayak AK. Carbon Nanotubes: An Emerging Drug Delivery Carrier in Cancer Therapeutics. Curr Drug Deliv 2020; 17:558-576. [PMID: 32384030 DOI: 10.2174/1567201817999200508092821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The scope of nanotechnology has been extended to almost every sphere of our daily life. As a result of this, nanocarriers like Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are gaining considerable attention for their use in various therapeutic and diagnostic applications. OBJECTIVE The objective of the current article is to review various important features of CNTs that make them as efficient carriers for anticancer drug delivery in cancer therapeutics. METHODS In this review article, different works of literature are reported on various prospective applications of CNTs in the targeting of multiple kinds of cancerous cells of different organs via; the loading of various anticancer agents. RESULTS Actually, CNTs are the 3rd allotropic type of the carbon-fullerenes that are a part of the cylindrical tubular architecture. CNTs possess some excellent physicochemical characteristics and unique structural features that provide an effective platform to deliver anticancer drugs to target specific sites for achieving a high level of therapeutic effectiveness even in cancer therapeutics. For better results, CNTs are functionalized and modified with different classes of therapeutically bioactive molecules via; the formation of stable covalent bonding or by the use of supramolecular assemblies based on the noncovalent interaction(s). In recent years, the applications of CNTs for the delivery of various kinds of anticancer drugs and targeting of tumor sites have been reported by various research groups. CONCLUSION CNTs represent an emerging nanocarrier material for the delivery and targeting of numerous anticancer drugs in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biman Kumar Panigrahi
- Department of Pharmacology, Seemanta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mayurbhanj-757086, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Kumar Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Seemanta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mayurbhanj-757086, Odisha, India
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Tavares TD, Antunes JC, Ferreira F, Felgueiras HP. Biofunctionalization of Natural Fiber-Reinforced Biocomposites for Biomedical Applications. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E148. [PMID: 31963279 PMCID: PMC7023167 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last ten years, environmental consciousness has increased worldwide, leading to the development of eco-friendly materials to replace synthetic ones. Natural fibers are extracted from renewable resources at low cost. Their combination with synthetic polymers as reinforcement materials has been an important step forward in that direction. The sustainability and excellent physical and biological (e.g., biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity) properties of these biocomposites have extended their application to the biomedical field. This paper offers a detailed overview of the extraction and separation processes applied to natural fibers and their posterior chemical and physical modifications for biocomposite fabrication. Because of the requirements for biomedical device production, specialized biomolecules are currently being incorporated onto these biocomposites. From antibiotics to peptides and plant extracts, to name a few, this review explores their impact on the final biocomposite product, in light of their individual or combined effect, and analyzes the most recurrent strategies for biomolecule immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Helena P. Felgueiras
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.D.T.); (J.C.A.); (F.F.)
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Shanmuganathan R, Edison TNJI, LewisOscar F, Kumar P, Shanmugam S, Pugazhendhi A. Chitosan nanopolymers: An overview of drug delivery against cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 130:727-736. [PMID: 30771392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is becoming a major reason for death troll worldwide due to the difficulty in finding an efficient, cost effective and target specific method of treatment or diagnosis. The variety of cancer therapy used in the present scenario have painful side effects, low effectiveness and high cost, which are some major drawbacks of the available therapies. Apart from the conventional cancer therapy, nanotechnology has grown extremely towards treating cancer. Nanotechnology is a promising area of science focusing on developing target specific drug delivery system for carrying small or large active molecules to diagnose and treat cancer cells. In the field of nanoscience, Chitosan nanopolymers (ChNPs) are been emerging as a potential carrier due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. The easy modification and versatility in administration route of ChNPs has attracted attention of researchers towards loading chemicals, proteins and gene drugs for target specific therapy of cancer cells. Therefore, the present review deals with the growing concern towards cancer therapy, introduction of ChNPs, mode of action and other strategies employed by researchers till date towards cancer treatment and diagnosis ChNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ponnuchamy Kumar
- Food Chemistry and Molecular Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India
| | | | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Sun H, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Tong J, Chu D, Gu J. Simultaneous quantitative analysis of polyethylene glycol (PEG), PEGylated paclitaxel and paclitaxel in rats by MS/MS ALL technique with hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:255-261. [PMID: 28688270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PEGylation is practically one of most important modifications of drugs including small molecules, peptides and proteins, which has been proven to dramatically improve physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic behavior of the PEGylated drugs. However, it is a challenge currently to quantitatively analyze PEG and PEGylated drugs by various analytical methods, even mass spectrometry because of multiple parent ion distribution of PEG caused by its polydispersity of molecular weight. Here we developed a robust method with MS/MSALL technique using electrospray ionization (ESI) source coupled high resolution Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (Q-TOF) mass spectrometry for the quantification of PEG2K-Paclitaxel (PEG-PTX) and its two metabolites, PEG and Paclitaxel (PTX). The analysis was performed on a 300SB-C18 column with acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase. Samples were simply prepared by protein precipitation in a small quantity of plasma (50μL). Calibration curve was linear within the range of 50.0-4000ng/mL for PEG and PEG-PTX and 1.0-1000ng/mL for PTX. The intra- and inter-day precisions were 3.2-6.9% and 3.1-6.9% for PEG, 4.1-7.8% and 4.0-9.9% for PEG-PTX, and 3.3-4.8% and 3.1-6.9% for PTX, respectively. The recoveries were greater than 90% with low matrix effects. Afterwards, the newly developed method was successfully applied to support a preclinical pharmacokinetic study in six rats after single intravenous injection of PEG-PTX (51.7mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Jin Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Dafeng Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99210, United States.
| | - Jingkai Gu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Clinical Pharmacology Center, Research Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, PR China.
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Karakus G, Ece A, Yaglioglu AS, Zengin HB, Karahan M. Synthesis, structural characterization, and antiproliferative/cytotoxic effects of a novel modified poly(maleic anhydride-co-vinyl acetate)/doxorubicin conjugate. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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ISLAM NASHREENS, BORUAH JEENAJYOTI. Macromolecular peroxo complexes of Vanadium(V) and Molybdenum(VI): Catalytic activities and biochemical relevance. J CHEM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-015-0833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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PEG — A versatile conjugating ligand for drugs and drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2014; 192:67-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Synthesis, characterization and in vitro antibacterial assessments of a novel modified poly[maleic anhydride-alt-acrylic acid]/acriflavine conjugate. Polym Bull (Berl) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-014-1230-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Quantification of in situ granulation-induced changes in pre-compression, solubility, dose distribution and intrinsic in vitro release characteristics of ibuprofen–cationic dextran conjugate crystanules. Int J Pharm 2014; 471:453-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Rastogi V, Yadav P, Bhattacharya SS, Mishra AK, Verma N, Verma A, Pandit JK. Carbon nanotubes: an emerging drug carrier for targeting cancer cells. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2014; 2014:670815. [PMID: 24872894 PMCID: PMC4020363 DOI: 10.1155/2014/670815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During recent years carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been attracted by many researchers as a drug delivery carrier. CNTs are the third allotropic form of carbon-fullerenes which were rolled into cylindrical tubes. To be integrated into the biological systems, CNTs can be chemically modified or functionalised with therapeutically active molecules by forming stable covalent bonds or supramolecular assemblies based on noncovalent interactions. Owing to their high carrying capacity, biocompatibility, and specificity to cells, various cancer cells have been explored with CNTs for evaluation of pharmacokinetic parameters, cell viability, cytotoxicty, and drug delivery in tumor cells. This review attempts to highlight all aspects of CNTs which render them as an effective anticancer drug carrier and imaging agent. Also the potential application of CNT in targeting metastatic cancer cells by entrapping biomolecules and anticancer drugs has been covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Rastogi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh 244001, India
| | - Pragya Yadav
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh 244001, India
| | | | - Arun Kumar Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh 244001, India
| | - Navneet Verma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh 244001, India
| | - Anurag Verma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh 244001, India
| | - Jayanta Kumar Pandit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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Abioye AO, Kola-Mustapha A, Ruparelia K. Impact of in situ granulation and temperature quenching on crystal habit and micromeritic properties of ibuprofen-cationic dextran conjugate crystanules. Int J Pharm 2014; 462:83-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Cai L, Qiu N, Xiang M, Tong R, Yan J, He L, Shi J, Chen T, Wen J, Wang W, Chen L. Improving aqueous solubility and antitumor effects by nanosized gambogic acid-mPEG₂₀₀₀ micelles. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 9:243-55. [PMID: 24403830 PMCID: PMC3883552 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s54050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of gambogic acid, a natural component with promising antitumor activity, is limited due to its extremely poor aqueous solubility, short half-life in blood, and severe systemic toxicity. To solve these problems, an amphiphilic polymer-drug conjugate was prepared by attachment of low molecular weight (ie, 2 kDa) methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (mPEG) to gambogic acid (GA-mPEG2000) through an ester linkage and characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. The GA-mPEG2000 conjugates self-assembled to form nanosized micelles, with mean diameters of less than 50 nm, and a very narrow particle size distribution. The properties of the GA-mPEG2000 micelles, including morphology, stability, molecular modeling, and drug release profile, were evaluated. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazo l-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) tests demonstrated that the GA-mPEG2000 micelle formulation had obvious cytotoxicity to tumor cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Further, GA-mPEG2000 micelles were effective in inhibiting tumor growth and prolonged survival in subcutaneous B16-F10 and C26 tumor models. Our findings suggest that GA-mPEG2000 micelles may have promising applications in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Republic of China
| | - Neng Qiu
- College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingli Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin He
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Chen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jiaolin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Markman JL, Rekechenetskiy A, Holler E, Ljubimova JY. Nanomedicine therapeutic approaches to overcome cancer drug resistance. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1866-79. [PMID: 24120656 PMCID: PMC5812459 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine is an emerging form of therapy that focuses on alternative drug delivery and improvement of the treatment efficacy while reducing detrimental side effects to normal tissues. Cancer drug resistance is a complicated process that involves multiple mechanisms. Here we discuss the major forms of drug resistance and the new possibilities that nanomedicines offer to overcome these treatment obstacles. Novel nanomedicines that have a high ability for flexible, fast drug design and production based on tumor genetic profiles can be created making drug selection for personal patient treatment much more intensive and effective. This review aims to demonstrate the advantage of the young medical science field, nanomedicine, for overcoming cancer drug resistance. With the advanced design and alternative mechanisms of drug delivery known for different nanodrugs including liposomes, polymer conjugates, micelles, dendrimers, carbon-based, and metallic nanoparticles, overcoming various forms of multi-drug resistance looks promising and opens new horizons for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet L Markman
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Kumar BS, Saraswathi R, Kumar KV, Jha SK, Venkates DP, Dhanaraj SA. Development and characterization of lecithin stabilized glibenclamide nanocrystals for enhanced solubility and drug delivery. Drug Deliv 2013; 21:173-84. [PMID: 24102185 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2013.840690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel LNCs (lipid nanocrystals) were developed with an aim to improve the solubility, stability and targeting efficiency of the model drug glibenclamide (GLB). PEG 20000, Tween 80 and soybean lecithin were used as polymer, surfactant and complexing agent, respectively. GLB nanocrystals (NCs) were prepared by precipitation process and complexed using hot and cold melt technique. The LNCs were evaluated by drug loading, saturation solubility (SL), optical clarity, in vitro dissolution, solid state characterization, in vivo and stability analysis. LNCs exhibited a threefold increase in SL and a higher dissolution rate than GLB. The percentage dissolution efficiency was found to decrease with increase in PEG 20000. The average particle size was in the range of 155-842 nm and zeta potential values tend to increase after complexation. X-ray powder diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry results proved the crystallinity prevailed in the samples. Spherical shaped particles (<1000 nm) with a lipid coat on the surface were observed in scanning electron microscopy analysis. Fourier transform infrared results proved the absence of interaction between drug and polymer and stability study findings proved that LNCs were stable. In vivo study findings showed a decrease in drug concentration to pancreas in male Wistar rats. It can be concluded that LNCs are could offer enhanced solubility, dissolution rate and stability for poorly water soluble drugs. The targeting efficiency of LNCs was decreased and further membrane permeability studies ought to be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sajeev Kumar
- Asian Institute of Medicine Science and Technology, Semeling , Bedong , Malaysia
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Dual-responsive polyacrylate copolymer micelles with PMAA and PNIPAAm graft brushes: Physicochemical properties and prednisone release. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Shen J, Zhang D, Zhao Z, Jia L, Zheng D, Liu G, Hao L, Zhang Q, Tian X, Li C, Guo H. Synthesis, characterization, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of PEGylated oridonin conjugates. Int J Pharm 2013; 456:80-6. [PMID: 23973480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oridonin (ORI), a diterpenoid compound with promising antitumor activity, was proved to possess potent antileukemia efficacies in vitro and in vivo recently. However, the development and application of ORI was limited by its poor solubility and rapid plasma clearance. The purpose of this study was to solve these problems. PEGylated oridonin linked with succinic acid (SA) as spacer moiety (PEG-SA-ORI conjugate) was synthesized. mPEG amines with four specifications of molecular weight (MW) were utilized. All polymeric conjugates showed satisfactory aqueous solubility and in vitro studies implied that the drug solubility and release features of conjugates were relevant to PEGs. The drug solubility increased more when the MW of PEG was lower, while more significant sustained-release effect was shown with higher PEG MW. Moreover, the release behaviors of conjugates showed a pH-sensitive property. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that the elimination half-life was prolonged in comparison with ORI solution. PEGylation could be a promising method to obtain better efficacy in the field of drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
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22
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Li W, Zhan P, De Clercq E, Lou H, Liu X. Current drug research on PEGylation with small molecular agents. Prog Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Merrill L, Girard BM, May V, Vizzard MA. Transcriptional and translational plasticity in rodent urinary bladder TRP channels with urinary bladder inflammation, bladder dysfunction, or postnatal maturation. J Mol Neurosci 2012; 48:744-56. [PMID: 22865090 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-012-9867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
These studies examined the transcriptional and translational plasticity of three transient receptor potential (TRP) channels (TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPV4) with established neuronal and non-neuronal expression and functional roles in the lower urinary tract. Mechanosensor and nociceptor roles in either physiological or pathological lower urinary tract states have been suggested for TRPA1, TRPV1, and TRPV4. We have previously demonstrated the neurochemical, organizational, and functional plasticity in micturition reflex pathways following induction of urinary bladder inflammation using the antineoplastic agent, cyclophosphamide. More recently, we have characterized similar plasticity in micturition reflex pathways in a transgenic mouse model with chronic urothelial overexpression (OE) of nerve growth factor (NGF) and in a transgenic mouse model with deletion of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). In addition, the micturition reflex undergoes postnatal maturation that may also reflect plasticity in urinary bladder TRP channel expression. Thus, we examined plasticity in urinary bladder TRP channel expression in diverse contexts using a combination of quantitative, real-time PCR and western blotting approaches. We demonstrate transcriptional and translational plasticity of urinary bladder TRPA1, TRPV1, and TRVP4 expression. Although the functional significance of urinary bladder TRP channel plasticity awaits further investigation, these studies demonstrate context- (inflammation, postnatal development, NGF-OE, VIP deletion) and tissue-dependent (urothelium + suburothelium, detrusor) plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Merrill
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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24
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Chang HP, Chen JY, Zhong PS, Chang YH, Liang M. Synthesis and characterization of a new polymer–drug conjugate with pH-induced activity. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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26
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Andrade EL, Forner S, Bento AF, Leite DFP, Dias MA, Leal PC, Koepp J, Calixto JB. TRPA1 receptor modulation attenuates bladder overactivity induced by spinal cord injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2011; 300:F1223-34. [PMID: 21367919 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00535.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ankyrin-repeat transient receptor potential 1 (TRPA1) has been implicated in pathological conditions of the bladder, but its role in overactive bladder (OAB) following spinal cord injury (SCI) remains unknown. In this study, using a rat SCI model, we assessed the relevance of TRPA1 in OAB induced by SCI. SCI resulted in tissue damage, inflammation, and changes in bladder contractility and in voiding behavior. Moreover, SCI caused upregulation of TRPA1 protein and mRNA levels, in bladder and in dorsal root ganglion (DRG; L6-S1), but not in corresponding segment of spinal cord. Alteration in bladder contractility following SCI was evidenced by enhancement in cinnamaldehyde-, capsaicin-, or carbachol-induced bladder contraction as well as in its spontaneous phasic activity. Of relevance to voiding behavior, SCI induced increase in the number of nonvoiding contractions (NVCs), an important parameter associated with the OAB etiology, besides alterations in other urodynamic parameters. HC-030031 (TRPA1 antagonist) treatment decreased the number and the amplitude of NVCs while the TRPA1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-ODN) treatment normalized the spontaneous phasic activity, decreased the cinnamaldehyde-induced bladder contraction and the number of NVCs in SCI rats. In addition, the cinnamaldehyde-induced bladder contraction was reduced by exposure of the bladder preparations to HC-030031. The efficacy of TRPA1 AS-ODN treatment was confirmed by means of the reduction of TRPA1 expression in the DRG, in the corresponding segment of the spinal cord and in the bladder, specifically in detrusor muscle. The present data show that the TRPA1 activation and upregulation seem to exert an important role in OAB following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edinéia Lemos Andrade
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina SC, Brazil
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27
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Trachsel A, de Saint Laumer JY, Haefliger O, Herrmann A. Parameters Influencing the Release of Tertiary Alcohols from the Surface of “Spherical” Dendrimers and “Linear” Stylomers by Neighbouring-Group-Assisted Hydrolysis of 2-Carbamoylbenzoates. Chemistry 2009; 15:2846-60. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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28
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Cheng Y, Xu T. The effect of dendrimers on the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic behaviors of non-covalently or covalently attached drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2008; 43:2291-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2007] [Revised: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 12/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Baldoli C, Oldani C, Maiorana S, Ferruti P, Ranucci E, Bencini M, Contini A. Functionalization and molecular dynamics study of carboxy-terminated poly(1-vinylpyrrolidin-2-one): A potential soluble carrier of biomolecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Jayant S, Khandare JJ, Wang Y, Singh AP, Vorsa N, Minko T. Targeted Sialic Acid–Doxorubicin Prodrugs for Intracellular Delivery and Cancer Treatment. Pharm Res 2007; 24:2120-30. [PMID: 17668297 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-007-9406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2007] [Accepted: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate a novel targeted anticancer prodrug consisting of several copies of sialic acid (SA, targeting moiety), doxorubicin (DOX), citric acid (multifunctional spacer) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG, carrier). METHODS alpha, omega bis carboxyl PEG was covalently conjugated with multiple copies of SA and DOX through a citric acid spacer and characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)HNMR), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI/TOF), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The molecular models of conjugates were established using ChemDraw software. Stability, spontaneous and esterase-stimulated drug release was analyzed by HPLC. Cellular internalization (fluorescence microscopy) and cytotoxicity [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay] of free DOX and prodrugs were evaluated. RESULTS (1)HNMR, MALDI/TOF, and HPLC showed the formation of the PEG prodrug conjugates. More than 40% of the drug was released from its conjugate in the presence of esterase enzyme, whereas the conjugate was stable at pH 7.4 in the absence of enzyme. Molecular modeling studies showed stable conformations of conjugates. The targeted prodrug conjugates with two copies of SA and DOX showed enhanced cytotoxicity when compared with non-targeted prodrugs and free DOX. CONCLUSIONS Targeting of the conjugate to cancer cells by SA with increased copies of targeting moiety and anticancer drug enhanced prodrug uptake by cancer cells and cytotoxicity of the prodrug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeja Jayant
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020, USA
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31
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Baldoli C, Oldani C, Licandro E, Ramani P, Valerio A, Ferruti P, Falciola L, Mussini P. Ferrocene derivatives supported on poly(N-vinylpyrrolidin-2-one) (PVP): Synthesis of new water-soluble electrochemically active probes for biomolecules. J Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Kolosnjaj J, Szwarc H, Moussa F. Toxicity Studies of Carbon Nanotubes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2007; 620:181-204. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-76713-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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33
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Pakunlu RI, Wang Y, Saad M, Khandare JJ, Starovoytov V, Minko T. In vitro and in vivo intracellular liposomal delivery of antisense oligonucleotides and anticancer drug. J Control Release 2006; 114:153-62. [PMID: 16889867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The specific aims of this investigation were (1) to show that conventional and PEGylated liposomes can penetrate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo; (2) to demonstrate that liposomes can be successfully used both for cytoplasmic and nuclear delivery of therapeutics, including anticancer drugs and antisense oligonucleotides; (3) to examine the specific activity of anticancer drugs and nucleotides delivered inside tumor cells by PEGylated liposomes; and (4) to confirm that simultaneous inhibition of pump and nonpump cellular resistance by liposomal ASO can substantially enhance the antitumor activity of traditional well established anticancer drugs in mice bearing xenografts of human multidrug resistant ovarian carcinoma. Experimental results show that PEGylated liposomes are capable of penetrating directly into tumor cells after systemic administration in vivo and do successfully provide cytoplasmic and nuclear delivery of encapsulated anticancer drug (doxorubicin, DOX) and antisense oligonucleotides (ASO). Encapsulation of DOX and ASO into liposomes substantially increased their specific activity. Simultaneous suppression of pump and nonpump resistance dramatically enhanced the ability of DOX for inducing apoptosis leading to higher in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Carriers
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Genes, MDR
- Genes, bcl-2
- Humans
- Liposomes
- Mice
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/administration & dosage
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacokinetics
- Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Tetrazolium Salts
- Thiazoles
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Affiliation(s)
- Refika I Pakunlu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020, USA
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34
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Khandare JJ, Chandna P, Wang Y, Pozharov VP, Minko T. Novel polymeric prodrug with multivalent components for cancer therapy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006; 317:929-37. [PMID: 16469865 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.105.098855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed, synthesized, and evaluated in vitro and in vivo a novel targeted anticancer polymeric prodrug containing multiple copies of tumor targeting moiety [synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) peptide, analog of LHRH] and anticancer drug (camptothecin). One, two, or three molecules of the targeting peptide and anticancer drug were covalently conjugated with bis(2-carboxyethyl) polyethylene glycol polymer using citric acid as a multivalent spacer. We showed that LHRH peptide was bound to extracellular receptors and localized in plasma membrane of cancer cells. The designed tumor-targeted prodrug increased the solubility of anticancer drug and offered cytoplasmic and/or nuclear delivery of drug to cancer cells expressing LHRH receptors. The multicomponent prodrug containing three copies of the targeting peptide and drug was almost 100 times more cytotoxic and substantially had enhanced antitumor activity compared with the analogous nontargeted prodrug and prodrugs containing one or two copies of active components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayant J Khandare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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35
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Klumpp C, Kostarelos K, Prato M, Bianco A. Functionalized carbon nanotubes as emerging nanovectors for the delivery of therapeutics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2005; 1758:404-12. [PMID: 16307724 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2005] [Revised: 10/19/2005] [Accepted: 10/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNT) are emerging as a new family of nanovectors for the delivery of different types of therapeutic molecules. The application of CNT in the field of carrier-mediated delivery has become possible after the recent discovery of their capacity to penetrate into the cells. CNT can be loaded with active molecules by forming stable covalent bonds or supramolecular assemblies based on noncovalent interactions. Once the cargos are carried into various cells, tissues and organs they are able to express their biological function. In this review, we will describe the potential of f-CNT to deliver different types of therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Klumpp
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, UPR 9021 CNRS, 15 Rue René Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg, France
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