1
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Fiedler S, Frenzel F, Würth C, Tavernaro I, Grüne M, Schweizer S, Engel A, Resch-Genger U. Interlaboratory Comparison on Absolute Photoluminescence Quantum Yield Measurements of Solid Light Converting Phosphors with Three Commercial Integrating Sphere Setups. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6730-6737. [PMID: 38629445 PMCID: PMC11063975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Scattering luminescent materials dispersed in liquid and solid matrices and luminescent powders are increasingly relevant for fundamental research and industry. Examples are luminescent nano- and microparticles and phosphors of different compositions in various matrices or incorporated into ceramics with applications in energy conversion, solid-state lighting, medical diagnostics, and security barcoding. The key parameter to characterize the performance of these materials is the photoluminescence/fluorescence quantum yield (Φf), i.e., the number of emitted photons per number of absorbed photons. To identify and quantify the sources of uncertainty of absolute measurements of Φf of scattering samples, the first interlaboratory comparison (ILC) of three laboratories from academia and industry was performed by following identical measurement protocols. Thereby, two types of commercial stand-alone integrating sphere setups with different illumination and detection geometries were utilized for measuring the Φf of transparent and scattering dye solutions and solid phosphors, namely, YAG:Ce optoceramics of varying surface roughness, used as converter materials for blue light emitting diodes. Special emphasis was dedicated to the influence of the measurement geometry, the optical properties of the blank utilized to determine the number of photons of the incident excitation light absorbed by the sample, and the sample-specific surface roughness. While the Φf values of the liquid samples matched between instruments, Φf measurements of the optoceramics with different blanks revealed substantial differences. The ILC results underline the importance of the measurement geometry, sample position, and blank for reliable Φf data of scattering the YAG:Ce optoceramics, with the blank's optical properties accounting for uncertainties exceeding 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Fiedler
- Division
of Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
(BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Frenzel
- Division
of Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
(BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Würth
- Division
of Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
(BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabella Tavernaro
- Division
of Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
(BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michelle Grüne
- Faculty
of Electrical Engineering, South Westphalia
University of Applied Sciences, Lübecker Ring 2, 59494 Soest, Germany
| | - Stefan Schweizer
- Faculty
of Electrical Engineering, South Westphalia
University of Applied Sciences, Lübecker Ring 2, 59494 Soest, Germany
- Fraunhofer
Application Center for Inorganic Phosphors, Branch Lab of Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials
and Systems IMWS, Lübecker
Ring 2, 59494 Soest, Germany
| | - Axel Engel
- Schott
AG Technical Services, Hattenbergstrasse 10, D-55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division
of Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
(BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Pouyan P, Zemella A, Schloßhauer JL, Walter RM, Haag R, Kubick S. One to one comparison of cell-free synthesized erythropoietin conjugates modified with linear polyglycerol and polyethylene glycol. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6394. [PMID: 37076514 PMCID: PMC10115831 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
With more than 20 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) modified drugs on the market, PEG is the gold standard polymer in bioconjugation. The coupling improves stability, efficiency and can prolong blood circulation time of therapeutic proteins. Even though PEGylation is described as non-toxic and non-immunogenic, reports accumulate with data showing allergic reactions to PEG. Since PEG is not only applied in therapeutics, but can also be found in foods and cosmetics, anti-PEG-antibodies can occur even without a medical treatment. Hypersensitivity to PEG thereby can lead to a reduced drug efficiency, fast blood clearance and in rare cases anaphylactic reactions. Therefore, finding alternatives for PEG is crucial. In this study, we present linear polyglycerol (LPG) for bioconjugation as an alternative polymer to PEG. We report the conjugation of LPG and PEG by click-chemistry to the glycoprotein erythropoietin (EPO), synthesized in a eukaryotic cell-free protein synthesis system. Furthermore, the influence of the polymers on EPOs stability and activity on a growth hormone dependent cell-line was evaluated. The similar characteristics of both bioconjugates show that LPGylation can be a promising alternative to PEGylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paria Pouyan
- Institut for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Zemella
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Jeffrey L Schloßhauer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry-Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruben M Walter
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Stefan Kubick
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry-Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, oint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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3
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Pauli J, Güttler A, Schneider T, Würth C, Resch-Genger U. Fluorescence Quantum Yield Standards for the UV/Visible/NIR: Development, Traceable Characterization, and Certification. Anal Chem 2023; 95:5671-5677. [PMID: 36920895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of next generation molecular and nanoscale reporters and the comparison of different emitter classes require the determination of the fluorometric key performance parameter fluorescence quantum yield (Φf), i.e., the number of emitted photons per number of absorbed photons. Main prerequisites for reliable Φf measurements, which are for transparent luminophore solutions commonly done relative to a reference, i.e., a fluorescence quantum yield standard of known Φf, are reliable and validated instrument calibration procedures to consider wavelength-, polarization-, and time-dependent instrument specific signal contributions, and sufficiently well characterized fluorescence quantum yield standards. As the standard's Φf value directly contributes to the calculation of the sample's Φf, its accuracy presents one of the main sources of uncertainty of relative Φf measurements. To close this gap, we developed a first set of 12 fluorescence quantum yield standards, which absorb and emit in the wavelength region of 330-1000 nm and absolutely determined their Φf values with two independently calibrated integrating sphere setups. Criteria for standard selection and the configuration of these novel fluorescence reference materials are given, and the certification procedure is presented including homogeneity and stability studies and the calculation of complete uncertainty budgets for the certified Φf values. The ultimate goal is to provide the community of fluorescence users with available reference materials as a basis for an improved comparability and reliability of quantum yield data since the measurement of this spectroscopic key property is an essential part of the characterization of any new emitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Pauli
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Güttler
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Schneider
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Würth
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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4
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Srivastava P, Tavernaro I, Scholtz L, Genger C, Welker P, Schreiber F, Meyer K, Resch-Genger U. Dual color pH probes made from silica and polystyrene nanoparticles and their performance in cell studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1321. [PMID: 36693888 PMCID: PMC9873940 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ratiometric green-red fluorescent nanosensors for fluorometrically monitoring pH in the acidic range were designed from 80 nm-sized polystyrene (PS) and silica (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs), red emissive reference dyes, and a green emissive naphthalimide pH probe, analytically and spectroscopically characterized, and compared regarding their sensing performance in aqueous dispersion and in cellular uptake studies. Preparation of these optical probes, which are excitable by 405 nm laser or LED light sources, involved the encapsulation of the pH-inert red-fluorescent dye Nile Red (NR) in the core of self-made carboxylated PSNPs by a simple swelling procedure and the fabrication of rhodamine B (RhB)-stained SiO2-NPs from a silane derivative of pH-insensitive RhB. Subsequently, the custom-made naphthalimide pH probe, that utilizes a protonation-controlled photoinduced electron transfer process, was covalently attached to the carboxylic acid groups at the surface of both types of NPs. Fluorescence microscopy studies with the molecular and nanoscale optical probes and A549 lung cancer cells confirmed the cellular uptake of all probes and their penetration into acidic cell compartments, i.e., the lysosomes, indicated by the switching ON of the green naphthalimide fluorescence. This underlines their suitability for intracellular pH sensing, with the SiO2-based nanosensor revealing the best performance regarding uptake speed and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Srivastava
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabella Tavernaro
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Scholtz
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Genger
- nanoPET Pharma GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, 10115, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pia Welker
- nanoPET Pharma GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, 10115, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Schreiber
- Division Biodeterioration and Reference Organisms, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klas Meyer
- Division Process Analytical Technology, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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5
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Pauli J, Ramírez A, Crasselt C, Schmidt W, Resch-Genger U. Utilizing optical spectroscopy and 2',7'-difluorofluorescein to characterize the early stages of cement hydration. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2021; 10. [PMID: 34619671 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac2da0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The increasingly sophisticated nature of modern, more environmentally friendly cementitious binders requires a better understanding and control particularly of the complex, dynamic processes involved in the early phase of cement hydration. In-situ monitoring of properties of a constantly changing system over a defined period of time calls for simple, sensitive, fast, and preferably also non-invasive methods like optical spectroscopy. Here, we exploit the time-dependent changes in the absorbance and fluorescence features of the negatively charged optical probe 2',7'-difluorofluorescein (DFFL) for the study of the hydration processes in pastes of white cement (WC), cubic tricalcium aluminate (C3A), and tricalcium silicate (C3S), the main phases of cement, and in pastes of quartz (Q) over 24 h after addition of the dye solution. For comparison, also conventional techniques like isothermal heat flow calorimetry were applied. Based upon the time-dependent changes in the spectroscopic properties of DFFL, that seem to originate mainly from dye aggregation and dye-surface interactions and considerably vary between the different pastes, molecular pictures of the hydration processes in the cement pastes are derived. Our results clearly demonstrate the potential of optical spectroscopy, i.e., diffuse reflectance, steady state and time-resolved fluorometry in conjunction with suitable optical reporters, to probe specific hydration processes and to contribute to a better understanding of the early hydration processes of cement at the molecular scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pauli
- Division Biophotonics, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Ramírez
- Division Biophotonics, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.,Division Technology of Con-struc-ti-on Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Crasselt
- Division Technology of Con-struc-ti-on Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - W Schmidt
- Division Technology of Con-struc-ti-on Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - U Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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6
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Evstigneev RV, Parfenov PS, Dubavik A, Cherevkov SA, Fedorov AV, Martynenko IV, Resch-Genger U, Ushakova EV, Baranov AV. Time-resolved FRET in AgInS 2/ZnS-CdSe/ZnS quantum dot systems. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:195501. [PMID: 30673643 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The fast and accurate detection of disease-related biomarkers and potentially harmful analytes in different matrices is one of the main challenges in the life sciences. In order to achieve high signal-to-background ratios with frequently used photoluminescence techniques, luminescent reporters are required that are either excitable in the first diagnostic window or reveal luminescence lifetimes exceeding that of autofluorescent matrix components. Here, we demonstrate a reporter concept relying on broad band emissive ternary quantum dots (QDs) with luminescence lifetimes of a few hundred nanoseconds utilized for prolongating the lifetimes of organic or inorganic emitters with lifetimes in the order of a very few 10 ns or less through fluorescence resonant energy transfer. Using spectrally resolved and time-resolved measurements of the system optical response we demonstrate the potential of lifetime multiplexing with such systems exemplarily for AgInS2/ZnS and CdSe/ZnS QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V Evstigneev
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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7
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Tang Q, Chang S, Tian Z, Sun J, Hao L, Wang Z, Zhu S. Efficacy of Indocyanine Green-Mediated Sonodynamic Therapy on Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2017; 43:2690-2698. [PMID: 28779958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has become a new therapeutic method because of its activation of certain sensitizers by ultrasound. Some studies have reported that indocyanine green (ICG) has the characteristics of a sonosensitizer and favorable fluorescence imaging in synovitis of early inflammatory arthritis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of ICG-mediated SDT on MH7A cells in vitro and the potential mechanisms involved. ICG was found to be taken up mainly in cytoplasm, with maximal uptake in 4 h. Cell viability in ICG-mediated SDT (SDT-0.5 and SDT-1.0) groups decreased significantly to 73.09 ± 1.97% and 54.24 ± 4.66%, respectively; cell apoptosis increased significantly to 26.43 ± 0.91% and 45.93 ± 6.17%, respectively. Moreover, marked loss in mitochondrial membrane potential and greatly increased generation of reactive oxygen species were observed in ICG-mediated SDT groups. Interestingly, the loss in cell viability could be effectively rescued with pretreatment with the reactive oxygen species scavenger N-acetylcysteine. These results indicate that ICG-mediated SDT is cytotoxic to fibroblast-like synoviocytes and is a potential modality for targeted therapy of synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-founded by Chongqing and Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shufang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhonghua Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangchuan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Hao
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shenyin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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8
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Wycisk V, Achazi K, Hillmann P, Hirsch O, Kuehne C, Dernedde J, Haag R, Licha K. Responsive Contrast Agents: Synthesis and Characterization of a Tunable Series of pH-Sensitive Near-Infrared Pentamethines. ACS OMEGA 2016; 1:808-817. [PMID: 30023492 PMCID: PMC6044694 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The demand for responsive dyes in optical imaging is high to achieve a better signal-to-noise ratio and, more specifically, to visualize acidic compartments of the endocytic pathway. Herein, we present a new synthetic route, with a step-by-step synthesis of water-soluble pH-sensitive cyanine dyes exhibiting pKa values in the region of physiological pH, as confirmed by absorption and fluorescence spectra. Moreover, modification of pKa values was achieved by two different substitution patterns, creating tunable pH-sensitive dyes. We demonstrated the functionality of the pH-sensitive dyes and their suitability as contrast agents for cellular uptake studies by preparing dye-labeled cetuximab and transferrin conjugates. Sulfonated head chains increased water solubility and prevented the formation of dimers, even in the context of dye-labeled bioconjugates. Confocal microscopy images of living cells revealed their pH-responsiveness, as specific fluorescence signal enhancements were observed in acidic compartments of the endocytic pathway (endosomes and lysosomes), although the background signal was low in a pH-neutral environment. Using mixtures of conjugates labeled with either a pH-sensitive or non-pH-sensitive dye for the uptake studies, we could follow the receptor binding and distinguish it from the endocytic uptake process of the conjugates in a simultaneous manner. Moreover, we used flow cytometry to quantify the fluorescence and observed a 3-fold signal enhancement for the pH-sensitive dye conjugates over a period of 3 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Wycisk
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität
Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Achazi
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität
Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Hillmann
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität
Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ole Hirsch
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Kuehne
- Institute
of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Dernedde
- Institute
of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität
Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Licha
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität
Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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9
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10
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Wycisk V, Pauli J, Welker P, Justies A, Resch-Genger U, Haag R, Licha K. Glycerol-based contrast agents: a novel series of dendronized pentamethine dyes. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:773-81. [PMID: 25811535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of water-soluble dyes, which absorb and emit in the range between 650 and 950 nm and display high extinction coefficients (ε) as well as high fluorescence quantum yields (Φf), is still a demand for optical imaging. We now present a synthetic route for the preparation of a new group of glycerol-substituted cyanine dyes from dendronized indole precursors that have been functionalized as N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) esters. High Φf values of up to 0.15 and extinction coefficients of up to 189 000 L mol(-1) cm(-1) were obtained for the pure dyes. Furthermore, conjugates of the new dendronized dyes with the antibody cetuximab (ctx) that were directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of tumor cells could be prepared with dye to protein ratios between 0.3 and 2.2 to assess their potential as imaging probes. For the first time, ctx conjugates could be achieved without showing a decrease in Φf and with an increasing labeling degree that exceeded the value of the pure dye even at a labeling degree above 2. The incorporation of hydrophilically and sterically demanding dendrimers into cyanines prevented dimer formation after covalent conjugation to the antibody. The binding functionality of the resulting ctx conjugates to the EGFR was successfully demonstrated by cell microscopy studies using EGFR expressing cell lines. In summary, the combination of hydrophilic glycerol dendrons with reactive dye labels has been established for the first time and is a promising approach toward more powerful fluorescent labels with less dimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Wycisk
- †Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jutta Pauli
- ‡BAM Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing, Division Biophotonics, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pia Welker
- §mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aileen Justies
- †Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- ‡BAM Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing, Division Biophotonics, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- †Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Licha
- §mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Clède S, Policar C. Metal-carbonyl units for vibrational and luminescence imaging: towards multimodality. Chemistry 2014; 21:942-58. [PMID: 25376740 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metal-carbonyl complexes are attractive structures for bio-imaging. In addition to unique vibrational properties due to the CO moieties enabling IR and Raman cell imaging, the appropriate choice of ancillary ligands opens up the opportunity for luminescence detection. Through a classification by techniques, past and recent developments in the application of metal-carbonyl complexes for vibrational and luminescence bio-imaging are reviewed. Finally, their potential as bimodal IR and luminescent probes is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Clède
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités-UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS-ENS-UPMC, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, UMR7203, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris (France), Fax: (+33) 1-4432-3389
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12
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Nordmeyer D, Stumpf P, Gröger D, Hofmann A, Enders S, Riese SB, Dernedde J, Taupitz M, Rauch U, Haag R, Rühl E, Graf C. Iron oxide nanoparticles stabilized with dendritic polyglycerols as selective MRI contrast agents. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:9646-9654. [PMID: 24991655 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr04793h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Monodisperse small iron oxide nanoparticles functionalized with dendritic polyglycerol (dPG) or dendritic polyglycerol sulfate (dPGS) are prepared. They are highly stable in aqueous solutions as well as physiological media. In particular, oleic acid capped iron oxide particles (core diameter = 11 ± 1 nm) were modified by a ligand exchange process in a one pot synthesis with dPG and dPGS bearing phosphonate as anchor groups. Dynamic light scattering measurements performed in water and different biological media demonstrate that the hydrodynamic diameter of the particles is only slightly increased by the ligand exchange process resulting in a final diameter of less than 30 nm and that the particles are stable in these media. It is also revealed by magnetic resonance studies that their magnetic relaxivity is reduced by the surface modification but it is still sufficient for high contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Additionally, incubation of dPGS functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles with human umbilical vein endothelial cells showed a 50% survival at 85 nM (concentration of nanoparticles). Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies demonstrate that the dPGS functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles inhibit L-selectin ligand binding whereas the particles containing only dPG do not show this effect. Experiments in a flow chamber with human myelogenous leukemia cells confirmed L-selectin inhibition of the dPGS functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles and with that the L-selectin mediated leukocyte adhesion. These results indicate that dPGS functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles are a promising contrast agent for inflamed tissue probed by MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nordmeyer
- Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
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13
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Redox-Responsive Nanoparticles with Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) Characteristic for Fluorescence Imaging. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:1059-66. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Sloniec J, Resch-Genger U, Hennig A. Photophysics and Release Kinetics of Enzyme-Activatable Optical Probes Based on H-Dimerized Fluorophores on Self-Immolative Linkers. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:14336-44. [DOI: 10.1021/jp409388b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagoda Sloniec
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hennig
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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15
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Würth C, Grabolle M, Pauli J, Spieles M, Resch-Genger U. Relative and absolute determination of fluorescence quantum yields of transparent samples. Nat Protoc 2013; 8:1535-50. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2013.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 670] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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16
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Pauli J, Licha K, Berkemeyer J, Grabolle M, Spieles M, Wegner N, Welker P, Resch-Genger U. New Fluorescent Labels with Tunable Hydrophilicity for the Rational Design of Bright Optical Probes for Molecular Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:1174-85. [PMID: 23758616 DOI: 10.1021/bc4000349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Pauli
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics,
Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Licha
- mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janis Berkemeyer
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics,
Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Grabolle
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics,
Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Spieles
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics,
Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Wegner
- mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pia Welker
- mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics,
Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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17
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New repertoire of 'donor-two-acceptor' NIR fluorogenic dyes. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:3602-8. [PMID: 23541837 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dye molecules with various fluorescent wavelengths are widely used for diagnostic and optical imaging applications. Accordingly, there is a constant demand for fluorogenic dyes with new properties. We have recently developed a novel strategy for the design of long-wavelength fluorescent dyes with a turn-ON option. The design is based on a donor-two-acceptor π-electron system that can undergo an internal charge transfer to form a new fluorochrome with an extended π-conjugated system. Here, we describe a series of such dyes based on two novel latent donors, naphthol and hydroxycoumarin. One of the dyes has showed excellent near-infrared fluorescent characteristics and specifically was demonstrated as a mitochondrial imaging reagent in live cells. This unique strategy for fluorogenic dye design has opened new doors for further near-infrared fluorescence probe discovery.
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18
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Karton-Lifshin N, Albertazzi L, Bendikov M, Baran PS, Shabat D. “Donor–Two-Acceptor” Dye Design: A Distinct Gateway to NIR Fluorescence. J Am Chem Soc 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ja308124q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naama Karton-Lifshin
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
69978, Israel
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Institute
for Complex Molecular
Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600
MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, I-56127 Pisa,
Italy
| | - Michael Bendikov
- Department of Organic
Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey
Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Doron Shabat
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv
69978, Israel
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19
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Behnke T, Mathejczyk JE, Brehm R, Würth C, Gomes FR, Dullin C, Napp J, Alves F, Resch-Genger U. Target-specific nanoparticles containing a broad band emissive NIR dye for the sensitive detection and characterization of tumor development. Biomaterials 2012; 34:160-70. [PMID: 23072943 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Current optical probes including engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are constructed from near infrared (NIR)-emissive organic dyes with narrow absorption and emission bands and small Stokes shifts prone to aggregation-induced self-quenching. Here, we present the new asymmetric cyanine Itrybe with broad, almost environment-insensitive absorption and emission bands in the diagnostic window, offering a unique flexibility of the choice of excitation and detection wavelengths compared to common NIR dyes. This strongly emissive dye was spectroscopically studied in different solvents and encapsulated into differently sized (15, 25, 100 nm) amino-modified polystyrene NPs (PSNPs) via a one-step staining procedure. As proof-of-concept for its potential for pre-/clinical imaging applications, Itrybe-loaded NPs were surface-functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the tumor-targeting antibody Herceptin and their binding specificity to the tumor-specific biomarker HER2 was systematically assessed. Itrybe-loaded NPs display strong fluorescence signals in vitro and in vivo and Herceptin-conjugated NPs bind specifically to HER2 as demonstrated in immunoassays as well as on tumor cells and sections from mouse tumor xenografts in vitro. This demonstrates that our design strategy exploiting broad band-absorbing and -emitting dyes yields versatile and bright NIR probes with a high potential for e.g. the sensitive detection and characterization of tumor development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Behnke
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, 1.10, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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20
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Mathejczyk JE, Pauli J, Dullin C, Resch-Genger U, Alves F, Napp J. High-sensitivity detection of breast tumors in vivo by use of a pH-sensitive near-infrared fluorescence probe. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2012; 17:076028. [PMID: 22894511 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.17.7.076028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the potential of the pH-sensitive dye, CypHer5E, conjugated to Herceptin (pH-Her) for the sensitive detection of breast tumors in mice using noninvasive time-domain near-infrared fluorescence imaging and different methods of data analysis. First, the fluorescence properties of pH-Her were analyzed as function of pH and/or dye-to-protein ratio, and binding specificity was confirmed in cell-based assays. Subsequently, the performance of pH-Her in nude mice bearing orthotopic HER2-positive (KPL-4) and HER2-negative (MDA-MB-231) breast carcinoma xenografts was compared to that of an always-on fluorescent conjugate Alexa Fluor 647-Herceptin (Alexa-Her). Subtraction of autofluorescence and lifetime (LT)-gated image analyses were performed for background fluorescence suppression. In mice bearing HER2-positive tumors, autofluorescence subtraction together with the selective fluorescence enhancement of pH-Her solely in the tumor's acidic environment provided high contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs). This led to an improved sensitivity of tumor detection compared to Alexa-Her. In contrast, LT-gated imaging using LTs determined in model systems did not improve tumor-detection sensitivity in vivo for either probe. In conclusion, pH-Her is suitable for sensitive in vivo monitoring of HER2-expressing breast tumors with imaging in the intensity domain and represents a promising tool for detection of weak fluorescent signals deriving from small tumors or metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Eva Mathejczyk
- Max-Planck-Institute for Experimental Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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