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Riisom M, Eade L, Tremlett WDJ, Hartinger CG. The aqueous stability and interactions of organoruthenium compounds with serum proteins, cell culture medium and human serum. Metallomics 2022; 14:6617999. [PMID: 35751650 PMCID: PMC9314723 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes bind to a wide variety of biomolecules and the control of the reactivity is essential when designing anticancer metallodrugs with a specific mode of action in mind. In this study, we used the highly cytotoxic compound [RuII(cym)(8-HQ)Cl] (cym = η6-p-cymene, 8-HQ = 8-hydroxyquinoline), the more inert derivative [RuII(cym)(8-HQ)(PTA)](SO3CF3) (PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane), and [RuII(cym)(PCA)Cl]Cl (PCA = pyridinecarbothioamide) as a derivative with a different coordination environment about the Ru center and investigated their stability, interactions with proteins and behavior in medium (αMEM) and human serum by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). The developed method was found to be robust and provides a quick and low-cost technique to monitor the interactions of such complexes with biomolecules. Each complex was found to behave very differently, emphasizing the importance of the choice of ligands and demonstrating the applicability of the developed method. Additionally, the human serum albumin binding site preference of [RuII(cym)(8-HQ)Cl] was investigated through displacement studies, revealing that the compound was able to bind to both sites I and site II, and the type of adducts formed with transferrin was determined by mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Riisom
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Liam Eade
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - William D J Tremlett
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Christian G Hartinger
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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Liu L, Chen D, Wang J, Chen J. Advances of Single-Cell Protein Analysis. Cells 2020; 9:E1271. [PMID: 32443882 PMCID: PMC7290353 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins play a significant role in the key activities of cells. Single-cell protein analysis provides crucial insights in studying cellular heterogeneities. However, the low abundance and enormous complexity of the proteome posit challenges in analyzing protein expressions at the single-cell level. This review summarizes recent advances of various approaches to single-cell protein analysis. We begin by discussing conventional characterization approaches, including fluorescence flow cytometry, mass cytometry, enzyme-linked immunospot assay, and capillary electrophoresis. We then detail the landmark advances of microfluidic approaches for analyzing single-cell protein expressions, including microfluidic fluorescent flow cytometry, droplet-based microfluidics, microwell-based assay (microengraving), microchamber-based assay (barcoding microchips), and single-cell Western blotting, among which the advantages and limitations are compared. Looking forward, we discuss future research opportunities and challenges for multiplexity, analyte, throughput, and sensitivity of the microfluidic approaches, which we believe will prompt the research of single-cell proteins such as the molecular mechanism of cell biology, as well as the clinical applications for tumor treatment and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.L.); (D.C.)
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Deyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.L.); (D.C.)
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.L.); (D.C.)
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (L.L.); (D.C.)
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Giringer K, Holtkamp HU, Movassaghi S, Tremlett WDJ, Lam NYS, Kubanik M, Hartinger CG. Analysis of ruthenium anticancer agents by MEEKC-UV and MEEKC-ICP-MS: Impact of structural motifs on lipophilicity and biological activity. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1201-1207. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Giringer
- School of Chemical Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Hannah U. Holtkamp
- School of Chemical Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Sanam Movassaghi
- School of Chemical Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | | | - Nelson Y. S. Lam
- School of Chemical Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Mario Kubanik
- School of Chemical Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
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Holtkamp HU, Movassaghi S, Morrow SJ, Kubanik M, Hartinger CG. Metallomic study on the metabolism of RAPTA-C and cisplatin in cell culture medium and its impact on cell accumulation. Metallomics 2018; 10:455-462. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00024g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The different extracellular speciation of cisplatin and the organoruthenium developmental anticancer agent RAPTA-C impacts the accumulation in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah U. Holtkamp
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - Sanam Movassaghi
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - Stuart J. Morrow
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - Mario Kubanik
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
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González-Ruiz V, Codesido S, Rudaz S, Schappler J. Evolution in the design of a low sheath-flow interface for CE-MS and application to biological samples. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:853-861. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor González-Ruiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva; University of Lausanne; Geneva Switzerland
| | | | - Serge Rudaz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva; University of Lausanne; Geneva Switzerland
| | - Julie Schappler
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva; University of Lausanne; Geneva Switzerland
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Holtkamp HU, Morrow SJ, Kubanik M, Hartinger CG. Cobalt complexes as internal standards for capillary zone electrophoresis–mass spectrometry studies in biological inorganic chemistry. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:789-798. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Holtkamp H, Grabmann G, Hartinger CG. Electrophoretic separation techniques and their hyphenation to mass spectrometry in biological inorganic chemistry. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:959-72. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Holtkamp
- School of Chemical Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Gerlinde Grabmann
- School of Chemical Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
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