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Alghanaim N, Kern M, Yazigi C, Chaar MS. Effects of sterilization, conditioning, and thermal aging on the retention of zirconia hybrid abutments: A laboratory study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2024; 26:679-687. [PMID: 38680076 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of sterilization, conditioning method, and thermal aging on the retentive strength of two-piece zirconia abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 128 stock zirconia abutments were divided into four groups (n = 32) according to the conditioning parameters: (A) air-abrasion using 50 μm alumina particles/1.0 bar, (B) 50 μm/2.0 bar, (C) 100 μm/1.0 bar, and (D) 100 μm/2.0 bar. All abutments were bonded onto titanium bases using DTK adhesive resin and stored in water bath (37°C) for 72 h. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups (n = 16), group 1 was disinfected, whereas group 2 followed disinfection and autoclave sterilization. Half of the specimens of each subgroup (n = 8) was directly subjected to the axial retention test (groups N), while the other half was first subjected to 150 days of thermocycling followed by retention test (groups T). Statistical analysis was performed with three-way ANOVA, additional statistical analysis was performed by using separate one-way ANOVAs followed by the Tukey's post-hoc test for post hoc pairwise comparisons among groups. RESULTS The highest median retention strength was recorded for group B2N (1390 N), whereas the lowest strength was recorded for group C1T (688 N). No significant interaction (p ≥ 0.05) was detected between the different variables; conditioning method, sterilization, and the thermal cycling regarding the effect on the resulting retention. However, the sterilization always showed a positive effect. Thermocycling presented an adversely significant effect only in the absence of sterilization (p < 0.05), with the exception of subgroups A. For the sterilized groups, thermocycling had no statistically significant effect on the retention. CONCLUSION Steam autoclaving increased the retention of hybrid zirconia abutments. DTK adhesive resin for two-piece zirconia abutments performed well after sterilization and thermocycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalah Alghanaim
- Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matthias Kern
- Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christine Yazigi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - M Sad Chaar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
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Shelar P, Abdolvand H, Butler S. On the behaviour of zirconia-based dental materials: A review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 124:104861. [PMID: 34600431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Zirconia-based dental materials are extensively used in clinical practice due to their tooth-like appearance, biofunctionality, biocompatibility, and affordability. However, premature clinical failures of veneering porcelains raise a concern about their integrity. Extensive studies have been performed over a decade to resolve this issue, but it is challenging to reference all information effectively. A single source identifying the significance of potential parameters on material performance has not previously been available. An evidence-based meta-narrative review technique was used to review the characteristic parameters that can affect the overall behaviour of zirconia-based materials. Keywords were chosen to assess manuscripts based on scientific coherence with this paper's research objective. Online keyword searches were carried out on ScienceDirect, PubMed, and SAGE databases for relevant published manuscripts from year 1985-2020.261 out of 3170 identified manuscripts were included. A total of 10 parameters were identified and classified into the material, manufacturing, and geometric aspects. The effect of every parameter was reviewed on the performance of the material. A discrepancy in findings was observed and is attributed to the fact that there is no standard methodology. This review acts as a single source that summarizes various parameters' contribution to zirconia-based dental materials' performance. This review facilitates manufacturing improvements by accounting for every parameter's effect on overall performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Shelar
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hamidreza Abdolvand
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheila Butler
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Yin L, Zhu Y, Yu H, Qiu L. Evaluating the efficiency of three methods to clean and disinfect screw- and cement-retained prostheses. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 127:775-782. [PMID: 33454114 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Screw- and cement-retained prostheses (SCRPs) may be contaminated during fabrication in a dental laboratory, leading to mechanical and biological complications related to the implant treatment. Studies that explored methods to efficiently and conveniently clean and disinfect SCRPs are sparse. PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical study was to compare the efficiency of 3 methods to remove contaminants and microorganisms present on the surface of an SCRP. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-eight 1-unit SCRPs fabricated in a dental laboratory were randomly divided into 3 groups: wiping, soaking, or ultrasonic cleaning. The presence of contaminants was determined by scanning electron microscopy, and microbial cells were cultured before and after treatment. Bacterial colony-forming units (CFUs) on the surface of the SCRPs and contamination density at the implant-abutment interface and emergence profile area were assessed. Statistical tests including ANCOVA were used to compare the efficiency of different methods before and after treatment (α=.05). RESULTS Significant differences in contamination density were noted during the treatment at the implant-abutment interface and at the emergence profile area in the 3 groups (P<.05), but no significant differences were observed in the number of CFUs (P>.05). There were significant differences among the 3 methods for cleaning efficiency both at the implant-abutment interface (P=.023) and the emergence profile area (P=.038). At the implant-abutment interface, the contamination density after treatment was lower in the ultrasonic cleaning group than that in the soaking group (P=.007), whereas at the emergence profile area, the contamination density after treatment was lower in the ultrasonic cleaning group than that in the wiping group (P=.019) and the soaking group (P=.048). CONCLUSIONS All 3 treatment methods reduced contaminants on the SCRP surface, but ultrasonic cleaning yielded the most favorable results. However, none of the methods provided additional disinfection for SCRPs previously disinfected by ozone and UV in a dental laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Yin
- Registered nurse, Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Yibo Zhu
- Assistant professor, Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Huajie Yu
- Attending doctor, Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lixin Qiu
- Professor, Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
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Gehrke P, Smeets R, Gosau M, Friedrich RE, Madani E, Duddeck D, Fischer C, Tebbel F, Sader R, Hartjen P. The Influence of an Ultrasonic Cleaning Protocol for CAD/CAM Abutment Surfaces on Cell Viability and Inflammatory Response In Vitro. In Vivo 2019; 33:689-698. [PMID: 31028185 PMCID: PMC6559919 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To evaluate the effect of an ultrasonic cleaning and disinfection method for CAD/CAM abutment surfaces on cell viability and inflammatory response in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Untreated and manually polished surfaces of CAD/CAM generated titanium and zirconia disks were randomly assigned, either to a 3-step ultrasonic cleaning and disinfection process (test: TiUF, TiPF, ZrUF, ZrPF) or to 30 sec steam cleaning (control: TiUS, TiPS, ZrUS, ZrPS). Pre-cleaning surface analyses using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and surface profilometry were performed. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were cultured on test and control specimens and subsequently examined for cell viability and inflammatory response. Expression of acute inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were assessed by means of RT-qPCR. RESULTS Cells on all specimens exhibited a satisfactory viability, indicating firm attachment. Cells on polished zirconia samples, cleaned by means of sonication (ZrPF), exhibited significantly higher viability than cells on the same material cleaned by steam (ZrPS), p=0.019. For all other three material/ surface treatment combinations (TiU, TiP, ZrU), no such difference was observed between the cleaning methods. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels of IL-6 and VEGFA were between 50 and 105% of that of the control cells on the non-toxic control surface. mRNA levels of IL-6 and VEGFA correlated well with each other. CONCLUSION Except for higher viability of cells cultured on polished zirconia specimens, no universally applicable advantage could be found for the ultrasonic cleaning procedure for zirconia and titanium abutment surfaces regarding cell viability, IL-6 expression or VEGFA expression. The cleaning procedures did not have any negative effect either.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Gehrke
- Private Practice for Oral Surgery, Ludwigshafen, Germany and Department of Postgraduate Education, Master of Oral Implantology, Oral and Dental Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Gosau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard E Friedrich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elika Madani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Duddeck
- Medical Materials Research Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Fischer
- Dental Laboratory, Sirius Ceramics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Robert Sader
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Philip Hartjen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Sawada T, Schille C, Zöldföldi J, Schweizer E, Geis-Gerstorfer J, Spintzyk S. Influence of a surface conditioner to pre-sintered zirconia on the biaxial flexural strength and phase transformation. Dent Mater 2018; 34:486-493. [PMID: 29301652 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the influence of a surface conditioner applied to pre-sintered yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) on the biaxial flexural strength and phase transformation. METHODS Conditioner-coated specimens (12mm diameter×0.8mm thickness) were prepared by application of a slurry conditioner using a brush on pre-sintered Y-TZP discs, followed by sandblasting with 50-μm Al2O3 after sintering (C-SB) or no further treatment (C-NT). The remaining conditioner-free specimens were subjected to sandblasting before sintering (NC-SB) or were maintained without treatment (NC-NT). Surface roughness measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in conjunction with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) were performed for surface characterizations. The phase transformation of Y-TZP was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the biaxial flexural strength was measured using the piston-on-three-ball test according to ISO 6872:2015. The data were analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests and Weibull distributions with the maximum likelihood estimation. RESULTS Sandblasting resulted in significantly rougher surfaces, irrespective of conditioner application. Conditioner layers were observed on surfaces in the C-NT and C-SB specimens. Monoclinic contents were present in a very small amount in the C-SB specimens. Both median biaxial flexural and characteristic strengths of all specimens exceeded ISO 6872:2015 requirements (Class 5: >800MPa), except the NC-SB specimens which showed significantly the lowest strength (p<0.001). Although no statistical difference was observed in Weibull modulus among the specimens (p=0.598), the NC-SB specimens showed the highest. SIGNIFICANCE Surface conditioner application does not affect the biaxial flexural strength and phase stability of Y-TZP and can be considered practical for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomofumi Sawada
- Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Christine Schille
- Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Judit Zöldföldi
- Institute for Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 2b, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Ernst Schweizer
- Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Geis-Gerstorfer
- Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Spintzyk
- Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Ocelík V, Schepke U, Rasoul HH, Cune MS, De Hosson JTM. On the bulk degradation of yttria-stabilized nanocrystalline zirconia dental implant abutments: an electron backscatter diffraction study. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:121. [PMID: 28685232 PMCID: PMC5500667 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5927-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Degradation of yttria-stabilized zirconia dental implants abutments due to the tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation was studied in detail by microstructural characterization using Electron Back Scatter Diffraction (EBSD). The amount and distribution of the monoclinic phase, the grain-size distribution and crystallographic orientations between tetragonal and monoclinic crystals in 3 mol.% yttria-stabilized polycrystalline zirconia (3Y-TZP) were determined in two different types of nano-crystalline dental abutments, even for grains smaller than 400 nm. An important and novel conclusion is that no substantial bulk degradation of 3Y-TZP dental implant abutments was detected after 1 year of clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ocelík
- Department of Applied Physics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - U Schepke
- Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - H Haji Rasoul
- Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M S Cune
- Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J Th M De Hosson
- Department of Applied Physics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands
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Nakonieczny DS, Ziębowicz A, Paszenda ZK, Krawczyk C. Trends and perspectives in modification of zirconium oxide for a dental prosthetic applications – A review. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Influence of sodalite zeolite infiltration on the coefficient of thermal expansion and bond strength of all-ceramic dental prostheses. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 67:135-143. [PMID: 28006713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In all-ceramic systems, a high incidence of veneer chip-off has been reported in clinical studies. Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) behaviour is one of the factors that may increase residual stress in the interface and influence the veneer/core bond strength. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of sodalite zeolite-infiltration on the CTE behaviour and bond strength of different all-ceramic prostheses. The case-study groups were synthesized sodalite zeolite-infiltrated alumina (IA-SOD) and synthesized sodalite zeolite-infiltrated zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) (IZ-SOD), while the control groups were glass-infiltrated alumina (IA-glass) and glass-infiltrated ZTA (IZ-glass). Forty cylindrical-shaped samples measuring 5 mm in diameter and 10 mm in height were tested for CTE using a thermo-mechanical analyser machine, and forty disc-shaped ceramic samples measuring 12 mm in diameter and 1.2 ± 0.2 mm in thickness were prepared using specially designed stainless steel split mould and veneered by cylinder-shaped (2 mm high × 2 mm diameter) low-fusing porcelain (Vita VM7). The veneer/core samples were sintered and tested for shear bond strength using a high precision universal testing machine. Scanning electron microscope, stereo microscope, atomic force microscope, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to investigate the structural characteristics of samples at the fracture surface. The collected data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test (α=.05). IZ-SOD revealed highest CTE and shear bond strength values, while the IA-glass revealed the lowest values than the other groups. There was no significant difference in CTE and bond strength among IZ-SOD, IA-SOD and IZ-glass samples (p>0.05). The experimental SOD zeolite-infiltrated samples revealed higher CTE mismatch and bond strength along with a more favourable mode of failure than did the commercial glass-infiltrated samples. Sandblast technique is considered as effective conditioning procedure for enhancing the surface roughness of SOD zeolite-infiltrated frameworks which subsequently improving the bond strength.
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Li KC, Tran L, Prior DJ, Waddell JN, Swain MV. Porcelain bonding to novel Co-Cr alloys: Influence of interfacial reactions on phase stability, plasticity and adhesion. Dent Mater 2016; 32:1504-1512. [PMID: 27671465 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to determine the hardness and adhesion strength at the porcelain to alloy interface. METHODS 15 bi-layer porcelain veneered Co-Cr specimens of each alloy group [cast, powder metallurgy (PM), CAD/CAM(CC)] were manufactured. 12 bi-layered specimens were tested using four-point bend strain energy release rate adhesion test. One before and after porcelain firing specimen of each alloy group were nano-indented at the bulk and metal-porcelain interface to determine the mechanical properties. Electron backscatter diffraction was used to determine the microstructure and phase of the indented areas. RESULTS The results obtained from the four-point bend strain energy release rate test indicated highest adhesion energy of 92.15J/m2 observed in the CC produced Co-Cr alloy. This was followed by the PM alloy with an adhesion energy of 62.24J/m2 and cast alloy with an adhesion energy of 42.83J/m2. All comparisons of adhesion energy between the three alloys were found to be statistically significant (p<.05). Nano-indentation test indicated higher hardness values of 4.6-6.1GPa at the metal-porcelain interface compared to the bulk, which had hardness values of 3.1-3.9GPa. SIGNIFICANCE The adhesion of the alloy to porcelain was found to be inversely related to the hardness of the interfacial layer at the alloy surface. Lower interfacial hardness was found to be accompanied with higher adhesion energy due to the additional plastic energy consumed during crack propagation along the more ductile interface region of the alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chun Li
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - LeYing Tran
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David J Prior
- Department of Geology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - J Neil Waddell
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael V Swain
- Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait
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Spintzyk S, Yamaguchi K, Sawada T, Schille C, Schweizer E, Ozeki M, Geis-Gerstorfer J. Influence of the Conditioning Method for Pre-Sintered Zirconia on the Shear Bond Strength of Bilayered Porcelain/Zirconia. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9090765. [PMID: 28773885 PMCID: PMC5457043 DOI: 10.3390/ma9090765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the bond strength of veneering porcelain with an experimental conditioner-coated zirconia. Pre-sintered Y-TZP specimens (n = 44) were divided in two groups based on conditioning type. After sintering, all sample surfaces were sandblasted and layered with veneering porcelain. Additionally, half of the specimens in each group underwent thermal cycling (10,000 cycles, 5–55 °C), and all shear bond strengths were measured. After testing, the failure mode of each fractured specimen was determined. Differences were tested by parametric and Fisher’s exact tests (α = 0.05). The differences in bond strength were not statistically significant. Adhesive fractures were dominantly observed for the non-thermal cycled specimens. After thermal cycling, the conditioner-coated group showed cohesive and mixed fractures (p = 0.0021), whereas the uncoated group showed more adhesive fractures (p = 0.0021). Conditioning of the pre-sintered Y-TZP did not change the shear bond strength of the veneering porcelain, but did improve the failure mode after thermal cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Spintzyk
- Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, University Hospital Tübingen, Osiander Strasse 2-8, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Kikue Yamaguchi
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan.
| | - Tomofumi Sawada
- Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, University Hospital Tübingen, Osiander Strasse 2-8, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Christine Schille
- Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, University Hospital Tübingen, Osiander Strasse 2-8, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Ernst Schweizer
- Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, University Hospital Tübingen, Osiander Strasse 2-8, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Masahiko Ozeki
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan.
| | - Jürgen Geis-Gerstorfer
- Section Medical Materials Science & Technology, University Hospital Tübingen, Osiander Strasse 2-8, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
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11
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Fathy SM, El-Fallal AA, El-Negoly SA, El Bedawy AB. Translucency of monolithic and core zirconia after hydrothermal aging. ACTA BIOMATERIALIA ODONTOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 2015; 1:86-92. [PMID: 27335897 PMCID: PMC4894082 DOI: 10.3109/23337931.2015.1102639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the hydrothermal aging effect on the translucency of partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia with yttria (Y-TZP) used as monolithic or fully milled zirconia and of core type. Methods: Twenty disc-shaped specimens (1 and 10 mm) for each type of monolithic and core Y-TZP materials were milled and sintered according to the manufacturer’s instruction. The final specimens were divided into two groups according to the type of Y-TZP used. Translucency parameter (TP) was measured over white and black backgrounds with the diffuse reflectance method; X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to analyze the microstructure of both Y-TZP types before and after aging. Data for TP values was statistically analyzed using Student’s t-test. Results: Monolithic Y-TZP showed the highest TP mean value (16.4 ± 0.316) before aging while core Y-TZP showed the lowest TP mean value (7.05 ± 0.261) after aging. There was a significant difference between the two Y-TZP types before and after hydrothermal aging. XRD analysis showed increases in monoclinic content in both Y-TZP surfaces after aging. Conclusion: Monolithic Y-TZP has a higher chance to low-temperature degradation than core type, which may significantly affect the esthetic appearance and translucency hence durability of translucent Y-TZP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma M Fathy
- Department of Dental Biomaterial, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - Abeer A El-Fallal
- Department of Dental Biomaterial, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - Salwa A El-Negoly
- Department of Dental Biomaterial, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - Abu Baker El Bedawy
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mansura University , Mansoura , Egypt
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Bankoğlu Güngör M, Yılmaz H, Karakoca Nemli S, Turhan Bal B, Aydın C. Effect of surface treatments on the biaxial flexural strength, phase transformation, and surface roughness of bilayered porcelain/zirconia dental ceramics. J Prosthet Dent 2015; 113:585-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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