Effect of titania addition and sintering temperature on the microstructure, optical, mechanical and biological properties of the Y-TZP/TiO2 composite

A systematic review of trends in photobiomodulation in dentistry between 2018 and 2022: advances and investigative agenda

Background

Photobiomodulation (PBM) involves laser therapy utilized in medical sciences to modulate biological processes acting as a palliative and immune response-enhancing treatment. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore current trends in PBM-related scientific production, encompassing publications, citations, impact, keywords and clusters. Additionally, it aims to predict future research trends in this domain.

Methods

The data for this quantitative and qualitative bibliometric analysis were obtained from 608 scientific documents retrieved in November 2022, with 123 sourced from Web of Science and 485 from Scopus, Utilizing Excel, the data was processed in Excel to extract essencial information. Productivity and impact were evaluated for eligibility, and VOSviewer aided in determining associativity for the bibliometric analysis.

Results

The findings of this study demostrate that the scientific production related to PBM adheres to a growth power law, exhibiting characteristics of both exponential and linear phases. Notably, recent research trends emphasize critical concepts such as laser therapy, orthodontics, and dental pulp stem cells. Particularly significant is the burgeoning interest in utilizing PBM within dentistry as a complementary alternative to existing protocols.

Conclusions

PBM stands as a promising laser therapy within medical applications. Through a detailed bibliometric analysis, this study underscores the increasing significance of PBM, especially within the realm of dental treatments. These insights offer a glimpse into the evolving landscape of PBM research and provide valuable guidance for potential future directions of study.

EFFECT OF GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION ON LOW-TEMPERATURE DEGRADATION OF ORAL 3Y-TZP CERAMICS CO-DOPED WITH GEO2 AND TIO2

Purpose: To explore the improvement of its low temperature aging resistance by co-doping oral 3Y-TZP with TiO2 and GeO2. Methods: After the samples of 3Y-TZP co-doped with GeO2 and TiO2 were prepared by mechanical ball milling, drying, and pressureless sintering, the microstructure was studied by scanning transmission electron microscope, energy spectrometer, and high angle annular dark field detector. After treatment in the autoclave, the conversion of all samples was measured by XRD. Results: After mechanical ball milling for 24 hours, the particle size of the composite powder of 3Y-TZP co-doped with GeO2 and TiO2 is uniform, distributed at about 50[Formula: see text]nm, the particle shape is basically spherical, the dispersion is good, but there is a small amount of agglomeration; Tetravalent stabilizers (Ge[Formula: see text], Ti[Formula: see text]) can inhibit the low-temperature aging effect of zirconia materials. With the increase of germanium oxide doping, the hydrothermal degradation resistance of zirconia can be improved. GeO2 doped 3Y-TZP has better low temperature aging resistance than TiO2 doped 3Y-TZP. With the increase of dopant content, the degree of grain boundary segregation increases, but even if the doping amount of Ge[Formula: see text] is small, the degree of grain boundary segregation can be comparable to that of Ti[Formula: see text] with a large doping amount. Conclusion: In this paper, the composite powder of 3Y-TZP co-doped with GeO2 and TiO2 with uniform particle size and good dispersion was prepared by mechanical ball milling. The preparation process is simple, the energy consumption is low, and the cumbersome processes of the co-precipitation method and liquid-phase method are avoided. On the other hand, adding GeO2 and TiO2 can enhance the low-temperature aging resistance of 3Y-TZP ceramics. GeO2 is superior to TiO2 in low-temperature degradation resistance, which can be used as the first choice. This study contributes to the research on doping cations of dental zirconia and provides a reference for dentists to choose a reasonable zirconia material.