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Santos M, Fidalgo-Pereira R, Torres O, Carvalho O, Henriques B, Özcan M, Souza JCM. The impact of inorganic fillers, organic content, and polymerization mode on the degree of conversion of monomers in resin-matrix cements for restorative dentistry: a scoping review. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:454. [PMID: 39066793 PMCID: PMC11283416 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05829-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main aim of the present study was to carry out a scoping review on the differences in degree of conversion of monomers regarding several types resin cements, indirect restorative materials, and light-curing procedures used in dentistry. METHOD A bibliographic review was performed on PubMed using the following search items: "degree of conversion" OR "filler" AND "resin cement" OR "inorganic cement" AND "organic" OR "radiopacity" OR "refractive" OR "transmittance" OR "type" AND "resin composite." The search involved articles published in English language within the last thirteen years. A research question has been formulated following the PICO approach as follow: "How different is the degree of conversion of monomers comparing several types of resin-matrix cements?". RESULTS Within the 15 selected studies, 8 studies reported a high degree of conversion (DC) of the organic matrix ranging from 70 up to 90% while 7 studies showed lower DC values. Dual-cured resin-matrix cements revealed the highest mean values of DC, flexural strength, and hardness when compared with light- and self-polymerized ones. DC mean values of resin-matrix cements light-cured through a ceramic veneer with 0.4 mm thickness were higher (~ 83%) than those recorded for resin-matrix cements light-cured through a thicker ceramic layer of 1.5 mm (~ 77%). CONCLUSIONS The highest percentage of degree of conversion of monomers was reported for dual-cured resin-matrix cements and therefore both chemical and light-induced pathways promoted an enhanced polymerization of the material. Similar degree of conversion of the same resin-matrix cement were recorded when the prosthetic structure showed a low thickness. On thick prosthetic structures, translucent materials are required to allow the light transmission achieving the resin-matrix cement. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The chemical composition of resin-matrix cements and the light-curing mode can affect the polymerization of the organic matrix. Thus, physical properties of the materials can vary leading to early clinical failures at restorative interfaces. Thus, the analysis of the polymerization pathways of resin-matrix cements is significantly beneficial for the clinical performance of the restorative interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcionilia Santos
- Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit (UNIPRO), University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Rita Fidalgo-Pereira
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa (UCP), 3504-505, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Orlanda Torres
- Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit (UNIPRO), University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Oscar Carvalho
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory (LABBELS), University of Minho, 4710-057, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Bruno Henriques
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory (LABBELS), University of Minho, 4710-057, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
- Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Group (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Clinic for Masticatory Disorders and Dental Biomaterials, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Júlio C M Souza
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa (UCP), 3504-505, Viseu, Portugal.
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory (LABBELS), University of Minho, 4710-057, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal.
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de Oliveira Roma FRV, de Oliveira TJL, Bauer J, Firoozmand LM. Resin-modified glass ionomer enriched with BIOGLASS: Ion-release, bioactivity and antibacterial effect. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:903-911. [PMID: 36382666 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Developing dental materials for the prevention of remineralization or demineralization is important for high-risk caries patients. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological effects of adding 45S5 bioglass to resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC). Samples belonged to the following groups: GIC: conventional glass ionomer cement (Vitro Fil), RMGIC: resin-modified GIC (Vitro Fil LC), and RMGIC/45S5: RMGIC with 10% (wt %) of 45S5. Changes in pH and release of fluoride, calcium, and phosphorus ions under acidic (pH 4) and neutral (pH 7) pH conditions were evaluated. Antibacterial activity was verified based on colony-forming units. Material sorption and solubility were analyzed after bacterial exposure. After 28 days, the bioactivity of the materials was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Analysis of variance, post hoc Scheffe, and Tukey (α = 0.05) tests were employed for statistical analysis. RMGIC/45S5 showed higher alkalization activity, calcium release at pH 4 and 7, and sorption than GIC and RMGIC (p < .05). Release of phosphorus and fluoride at pH 4 and 7 was higher for GIC than that for RMGIC and RMGIC/45S5 (p < .05). RMGIC/45S5 showed higher values than RMGIC (p < .05). However, antibacterial activity did not differ among the groups. Precipitates of calcium and phosphorus were visualized in RMGIC/45S5 samples via SEM/EDS. These results indicate that the RMGIC/45S5 promotes alkalization and increases the release of calcium, phosphorus, and fluoride ions, resulting in precipitate deposition rich in calcium and phosphorus, thereby being a promising option to improve the bioactivity of RMGIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábia Regina Vieira de Oliveira Roma
- Laboratório de Biomateriais em Odontologia (Biomma), Departamento de Odontologia I, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Tarcisio Jorge Leitão de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biomateriais em Odontologia (Biomma), Departamento de Odontologia I, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - José Bauer
- Laboratório de Biomateriais em Odontologia (Biomma), Departamento de Odontologia I, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Leily Macedo Firoozmand
- Laboratório de Biomateriais em Odontologia (Biomma), Departamento de Odontologia I, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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Souza AF, Souza MT, Damasceno JE, Ferreira PVC, Alves de Cerqueira G, Baggio Aguiar FH, Marchi GM. Effects of the Incorporation of Bioactive Particles on Physical Properties, Bioactivity and Penetration of Resin Enamel Infiltrant. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2023; 15:31-43. [PMID: 36923270 PMCID: PMC10010126 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s398514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The resinous infiltrant lacks remineralizing activity. This research aimed to develop and evaluate bioactivity, physico-mechanical properties and penetration of resin infiltrants containing Biosilicate or nanohydroxyapatite. Methods Experimental resin infiltrant (ERI; 75/25 wt.% TEGDMA/BisEMA) was divided among the groups Pure Experimental (PE); ERI + Biosilicate 5 or 10% (Bio5; Bio10), ERI + 10% nanohydroxyapatite (Hap10), and Icon (DMG, Germany). Bioactivity was analyzed by SEM, EDS and FT-IR/ATR after soaking in SBF. Degree of conversion (DC), sorption and solubility (SO; SOL), flexural strength, modulus of elasticity (FS; E-modulus), contact angle (CA) and penetration were characterized. Extent of penetration was analyzed by treating white spot lesions (WSL) in human dental enamel samples with the infiltrants and subsequently analyzing specimens by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Data from each test were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's tests (p < 0.01). Results SEM, EDS and FT-IR showed the formation of precipitates and increase in the rates of Ca and P in the groups with bioactive particles, after storage in SBF. Hap10 showed higher DC and CA values than all the other groups. Groups Bio5 and Bio10 showed CA values similar to those of Icon, higher SO and SOL values, and reduction in other properties. All infiltrants were capable of penetrating into the WSLs. Conclusion The incorporation of Biosilicate (5 or 10%) or nanohydroxyapatite (10%) into ERI induced mineral deposition on the surface and did not compromise infiltration and penetration into WSLs, however, compromising their physico-mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ferreira Souza
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Marina Trevelin Souza
- Laboratory of Vitreous Materials, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Janaína Emanuela Damasceno
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Paulo Vitor Campos Ferreira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Gabriela Alves de Cerqueira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Giselle Maria Marchi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas State University - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
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de Brito GMAP, Silva DO, Macedo RFC, Ferreira MWC, Bauer J, Pedroso FDB, Reis A, Siqueira FSF, Loguercio AD, Cardenas AFM. Does the Application of Additional Hydrophobic Resin to Universal Adhesives Increase Bonding Longevity of Eroded Dentin? Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132701. [PMID: 35808746 PMCID: PMC9268900 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper evaluates the effect of an additional hydrophobic resin coat (extra HL) associated with universal adhesives on sound and eroded dentin and evaluated immediately or after 2 years of water storage to improve the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage (NL) when compared to the use of universal adhesives only. Sixty-four molars were assigned to eight groups using the following combinations: 1. dentin substrate, including sound and eroded dentin; 2. treatment, including the control and extra HL and storage time (immediately and after two-years of storage). Two universal adhesives (Prime & Bond Active or Scotchbond Universal) were evaluated. Before restoration, half of the teeth were subjected to soft-drink erosion. Composite buildups were bonded; specimens were stored (37 °C/24 h), sectioned into resin−dentin bonded sticks and tested for microtensile bond strength and nanoleakage using SEM (immediately and after two-years of storage). Three-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05%) were used. In the immediate testing, the application of extra HL did not increase microtensile bond strength values compared with the control group in either substrate (p > 0.05). However, extra HL significantly decreased nanoleakage values when applied to eroded and sound dentin (p = 0.0001). After two years, the application of extra HL produced significantly higher microtensile bond strength and lower nanoleakage values than the control group for both adhesives (p = 0.0001). In all cases, sound dentin showed higher microtensile bond strength and lower nanoleakage values than eroded dentin (p = 0.000001). An extra HL increased the bond strength and reduced nanoleakage in eroded dentin after two-years of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graça Maria Abreu Pereira de Brito
- Department of Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luis 65075-120, Brazil; (G.M.A.P.d.B.); (D.O.S.); (F.S.F.S.); (A.F.M.C.)
| | - Daniella Oliveira Silva
- Department of Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luis 65075-120, Brazil; (G.M.A.P.d.B.); (D.O.S.); (F.S.F.S.); (A.F.M.C.)
| | | | | | - Jose Bauer
- Department of Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhao, São Luis 65085-805, Brazil; (R.F.C.M.); (J.B.)
| | - Flavia de Brito Pedroso
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Uvaranas 84030-900, Brazil; (M.W.C.F.); (F.d.B.P.)
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Uvaranas 84030-900, Brazil;
| | - Fabiana Suelen Figuerêdo Siqueira
- Department of Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luis 65075-120, Brazil; (G.M.A.P.d.B.); (D.O.S.); (F.S.F.S.); (A.F.M.C.)
| | - Alessandro Dourado Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Uvaranas 84030-900, Brazil;
- Correspondence:
| | - Andres Felipe Millan Cardenas
- Department of Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, CEUMA University, São Luis 65075-120, Brazil; (G.M.A.P.d.B.); (D.O.S.); (F.S.F.S.); (A.F.M.C.)
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Fernandes Neto C, Narimatsu MH, Magão PH, da Costa RM, Pfeifer CS, Furuse AY. Physical-chemical characterization and bond strength to zirconia of dental adhesives with different monomer mixtures and photoinitiator systems light-activated with poly and monowave devices. Biomater Investig Dent 2022; 9:20-32. [PMID: 35528027 PMCID: PMC9067976 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2022.2064289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Bonding to crystalline zirconia is currently a challenge. Properly cured adhesives are crucial to optimize this bond, and that in turn is influenced by the initial mobility of the system, as well as by the reactivity of the initiators. Aim: This study aimed to characterize adhesives containing monomer mixtures of different viscosities and double and triple photoinitiator systems; and to evaluate the bonding to Y-TZP zirconia, when adhesives were light-activated with monowave or polywave light-curing units (LCU). Materials and methods: Adhesives were formulated at a 1:1 weight proportion of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA or Bis-GMA/Bis-EMA. To these mixtures 0.5 wt% of CQ, 0.5–1.0 wt% of DABE, 0.5–1.0 wt% of DPIHP, or 0.5–1.0 wt% of TAS-Sb were added and used as photoinitiator systems. A total of ten adhesives were prepared. Resin composite cylinders were cemented on zirconia slices and 6000 thermal cycles were performed. Degree of conversion (DC), sorption (SO) and solubility (SL) after 7 days of water storage, and microshear bond strength (µSBS) were evaluated. Data were analyzed with three-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD (α = 0.05). Results: Bis-GMA/Bis-EMA combined with either CQ/DABE or CQ/DABE/TAS-Sb presented the highest DC, and no significant differences were observed for LCUs (p = .298). CQ/DABE < CQ/DABE/TAS-Sb ≈ CQ/DABE/DPIHP and the polywave LCU showed smaller overall SO (p < .05). Bis-GMA/TEGDMA with CQ/DABE cured with the polywave LCU presented the lowest SO. SL varied as follows: CQ/DABE/TAS-Sb < CQ/DABE/DPIHP < CQ/DABE (p < .001). For µSBS, only the factor photoinitiator system was significant (p = .045). All mean values were above 30 MPa, with higher values being observed for BIS-GMA/TEGDMA and CQ/DABE. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the adhesive containing CQ/DABE/TAS-Sb as coinitiator of Bis-GMA/Bis-EMA mixtures produced a material with higher DC and lower SL, while bond strength values were similar to the ones obtained by CQ/DABE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantino Fernandes Neto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Mayara Hana Narimatsu
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Magão
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Reginaldo Mendonça da Costa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Carmem Silvia Pfeifer
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Adilson Yoshio Furuse
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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Kong H, Bai X, Li H, Lin C, Yao X, Wang Y. Preparation of Ca doped wrinkled porous silica (Ca-WPS) for the improvement of apatite formation and mechanical properties of dental resins. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 129:105159. [PMID: 35247860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to fabricate and characterize Ca doped wrinkled porous silica (Ca-WPS), and evaluate their effect on the mineralization and mechanical properties of resin composites as functional fillers. Ca-WPS were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and N2 adsorption-desorption measurements. The mineralization properties of the prepared Ca-WPS particles and the resin composites with different amount of Ca-WPS were evaluated by simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion method. The mechanical properties (flexural strength, flexural modulus, compressive strength and microhardness) of the dental resins containing unimodal Ca-WPS fillers and bimodal Ca-WPS fillers with nonporous silica were evaluated by a universal testing machine. Results showed that after immersing in SBF for 5 d, apatite formed on the surface of Ca-WPS and composites containing Ca-WPS fillers, indicating the excellent mineralization property of the prepared Ca-WPS. The mechanical properties of the dental resins increase with the increase of the proportion of unimodal Ca-WPS fillers. The dental resins with bimodal Ca-WPS fillers showed better mechanical properties than the group with only nonporous fillers at the same filler loading (60 wt%). Among all the samples, the dental composites filled with bimodal fillers (mass ratio of Ca-WPS: nonporous silica = 10:50, total filler loading 60 wt%) exhibited the best mechanical performance. The flexural strength, flexural modulus, compressive strength and microhardness of these samples were 26.96%, 42.75%, 16.04% and 54.1% higher than the composites with solid silica particles alone, respectively. Thus, the prepared Ca-WPS could effectively improve the apatite formation and mechanical properties of resin composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Kong
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces &; Interfaces, College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Road, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xingxing Bai
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces &; Interfaces, College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Road, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Huaizhu Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces &; Interfaces, College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Road, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Chucheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces &; Interfaces, College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Road, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yueyue Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces &; Interfaces, College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Road, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
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Pantulap U, Arango-Ospina M, Boccaccini AR. Bioactive glasses incorporating less-common ions to improve biological and physical properties. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 33:3. [PMID: 34940923 PMCID: PMC8702415 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06626-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) have been a focus of research for over five decades for several biomedical applications. Although their use in bone substitution and bone tissue regeneration has gained important attention, recent developments have also seen the expansion of BG applications to the field of soft tissue engineering. Hard and soft tissue repair therapies can benefit from the biological activity of metallic ions released from BGs. These metallic ions are incorporated in the BG network not only for their biological therapeutic effects but also in many cases for influencing the structure and processability of the glass and to impart extra functional properties. The "classical" elements in silicate BG compositions are silicon (Si), phosphorous (P), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), and potassium (K). In addition, other well-recognized biologically active ions have been incorporated in BGs to provide osteogenic, angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects such as zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), strontium (Sr), gallium (Ga), fluorine (F), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), boron (B), lithium (Li), titanium (Ti), and copper (Cu). More recently, rare earth and other elements considered less common or, some of them, even "exotic" for biomedical applications, have found room as doping elements in BGs to enhance their biological and physical properties. For example, barium (Ba), bismuth (Bi), chlorine (Cl), chromium (Cr), dysprosium (Dy), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), ytterbium (Yb), thulium (Tm), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), holmium (Ho), iodine (I), lanthanum (La), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), niobium (Nb), nitrogen (N), palladium (Pd), rubidium (Rb), samarium (Sm), selenium (Se), tantalum (Ta), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), erbium (Er), tin (Sn), tungsten (W), vanadium (V), yttrium (Y) as well as zirconium (Zr) have been included in BGs. These ions have been found to be particularly interesting for enhancing the biological performance of doped BGs in novel compositions for tissue repair (both hard and soft tissue) and for providing, in some cases, extra functionalities to the BG, for example fluorescence, luminescence, radiation shielding, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. This review summarizes the influence of incorporating such less-common elements in BGs with focus on tissue engineering applications, usually exploiting the bioactivity of the BG in combination with other functional properties imparted by the presence of the added elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usanee Pantulap
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
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Cardoso OS, Meier MM, Carvalho EM, Ferreira PVC, Gavini G, Zago PMW, Grazziotin-Soares R, Menezes ASD, Carvalho CN, Bauer J. Synthesis and characterization of experimental endodontic sealers containing bioactive glasses particles of NbG or 45S5. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 125:104971. [PMID: 34798534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the influence of adding bioactive glasses particles [Niobophosphate (NbG) or bioglass (45S5)] into endodontic cements in relation to physical, chemical and biological properties. METHODS The following commercial cements were used as comparison: AH Plus (Dentsply), Endofill (Dentsply), MTA Fillapex (Angelus) and EndoSequence (BC Sealer, Brasseler). Setting time, radiopacity, flow rate, weight loss/variation, alkaline capacity (pH) at different time-intervals (24h/48h/7d/14d/28d), bioactivity (assessed under SEM/EDS, FTIR/ATR and XDR) and cell viability were measured. Data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA/Holm-Sidak post-test (α = 5%) (normal distribution) and Kruskal-Wallis/Students-Newman-Keuls post-test (α = 5%) (non-normal distribution). RESULTS Bioactive endodontic experimental cements (containing NbG or 45S5) had high alkalinization capacity. The experimental cements presented high weight loss/variation (p < 0.001). 45S5 experimental cement did not present radiopacity (p < 0.001). AH Plus had the lowest cell cytotoxicity when compared to the other tested cements (p < 0.001). Regarding bioactivity, SEM/EDS analyses showed precipitates with high concentrations of Ca/P for 45S5 and NbG, as well as for MTA Fillapex and BC Sealer. AH plus and Endofill did not present bioactive precipitates. FTIR/ATR and XDR analyses found hydroxyapatite precursors for NbG, 45S5, MTA Fillapex and BC Sealer. SIGNIFICANCE The incorporation of bioactive particles (NbG or 45S5) into endodontic cements had potential to neutralize acidic environments and induced formation of hydroxyapatite precursors. Clinically, these would produce a cement that is bactericidal and have the potential to improve tissue healing. The improved radiopacity and flowability would facilitate the visualization of the material in the radiograph and the filling of anatomical complexities during root canal obturation. As drawbacks, the excessive weight loss and post-setting cytotoxicity could result in clinical degradation of the cement and adjacent tissue irritation for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olinto Santos Cardoso
- Discipline of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Zip Code 65080-805, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Marcia Margarete Meier
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Santa Catarina (UDESC), Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 200, Zip Code: 89219-710, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Edilausson Moreno Carvalho
- University Ceuma (UNICEUMA), School of Dentistry, Rua Josué Montello, 1, Renascença II, Zip Code 65075-120, São Luis, Maranhão, MA, Brazil
| | - Paulo Vitor Campos Ferreira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo (FOUSP), Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 2227, Zip Code: 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giulio Gavini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Zip Code 13414-903, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maria Wiziack Zago
- São Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Av. Dona Renata, 71, Zip Code: 13606-134, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Grazziotin-Soares
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E4, Canada
| | - Alan Silva de Menezes
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Zip Code 65080-805, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Ceci Nunes Carvalho
- University Ceuma (UNICEUMA), School of Dentistry, Rua Josué Montello, 1, Renascença II, Zip Code 65075-120, São Luis, Maranhão, MA, Brazil
| | - Jose Bauer
- Discipline of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Zip Code 65080-805, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil.
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Corral Nunez C, Altamirano Gaete D, Maureira M, Martin J, Covarrubias C. Nanoparticles of Bioactive Glass Enhance Biodentine Bioactivity on Dental Pulp Stem Cells. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14102684. [PMID: 34065440 PMCID: PMC8161258 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of a novel nanocomposite containing nanoparticles of bioactive glass (nBGs) on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). nBGs were synthesized by the sol–gel method. Biodentine (BD) nanocomposites (nBG/BD) were prepared with 2 and 5% wt of nBG content; unmodified BD and glass ionomer cement were used as references. Cell viability and attachment were evaluated after 3, 7 and 14 days. Odontogenic differentiation was assessed with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity after 7 and 14 days of exposure. Cells successfully adhered and proliferated on nBG/BD nanocomposites, cell viability of nanocomposites was comparable with unmodified BD and higher than GIC. nBG/BD nanocomposites were, particularly, more active to promote odontogenic differentiation, expressed as higher ALP activity of hDPSCs after 7 days of exposure, than neat BD or GIC. This novel nanocomposite biomaterial, nBG/BD, allowed hDPSC attachment and proliferation and increased the expression of ALP, upregulated in mineral-producing cells. These findings open opportunities to use nBG/BD in vital pulp therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Corral Nunez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (D.A.G.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.N.); (C.C.); Tel.: +56-2-9781742 (C.C.N.); +56-2-9785063 (C.C.)
| | - Diego Altamirano Gaete
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (D.A.G.); (J.M.)
| | - Miguel Maureira
- Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile;
| | - Javier Martin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (D.A.G.); (J.M.)
| | - Cristian Covarrubias
- Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile;
- Correspondence: (C.C.N.); (C.C.); Tel.: +56-2-9781742 (C.C.N.); +56-2-9785063 (C.C.)
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