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Attik N, Richert R, Garoushi S. Biomechanics, Bioactive and Biomimetic Philosophy in Restorative Dentistry ̶ Quo vadis? J Dent 2024:105036. [PMID: 38702037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, restorative dentistry has embraced various techniques, including direct, semi-direct, and indirect restorations, to address the replacement of lost tooth tissue. The focus has been on integrating the principles of Biomechanics, Bioactivity, and Biomimicry (3-Bio) as key drivers behind these innovations. METHODS Three enthusiastic researchers in dental materials have come together to collaborate on writing a concise opinion article addressing the three aspects of restorative dental materials: Biomechanics, Bioactivity, and Biomimetic principles. Their aim is to provide readers with relevant information on the 3-Bio concept, offering insights into the innovative approaches shaping modern restorative dentistry. RESULTS Developing restorative materials with interactive properties aligned with the 3-Bio concept poses a significant challenge. Currently, dentistry lacks a comprehensive system in this regard. Though, the development of dental materials based on the 3-Bio concept could potentially elicit positive mechanical and biological responses in targeted tooth tissues. CONCLUSION Assessing several parameters through a battery of in vitro and in silico assays could help in tailoring the different aspects of the 3-Bio concept, spanning from bioactivity to biomimetics via biomechanics. This approach could allow the prediction and translation of the clinical performance of the assessed restorative materials. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The findings of this opinion article highlight that the development of restorative materials aligned with the 3-Bio concept could enhance the management of dental defects and extend the longevity of bonded restorations, thereby improving patient care through tissue preservation. The authors believe that more collective efforts between clinicians, researchers, and even industrial partners are required to fully understand the correlation between bioactive behaviour, biomechanical limitations, and biomimetics to provide suitable restorative materials for specific clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Attik
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté d'Odontologie, 69008, Lyon, France; Univ Lyon - Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Raphael Richert
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté d'Odontologie, 69008, Lyon, France; Service d'Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Sufyan Garoushi
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center - TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Abouelleil H, Attik N, Chiriac R, Toche F, Ory A, Zayakh A, Grosgogeat B, Pradelle-Plasse N. Comparative study of two bioactive dental materials. Dent Mater 2024; 40:297-306. [PMID: 38007319 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES New bioactive materials were introduced to not only restore the lost dental hard tissue but also to release fluoride that inhibits demineralization and occurrence of secondary caries. The current study thus aims to assess Fluoride release as well as the mechanical and physical properties of two new commercially available bioactive restorative materials. METHODS Two materials, Cention® Forte (CF) (Ivoclar Vivadent), Surefil one™ (SO) (Denstply Sirona), were evaluated in terms of fracture toughness (FT), flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM) (ISO 4049), compressive strength (CS), and Vickers hardness (VH). In addition, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed, as well as pH measurements and quantification of Fluoride release after immersion in distilled water at times of 0, 7, 14 and 21 days. The sealing ability was evaluated using silver nitrate dye penetration on natural teeth. Finally, Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) was used to investigate the surface composition of the two studied material surfaces. The data were statistically analyzed using Independent T-Tests; the chosen significance level was α = 0.05. RESULTS CF had significantly higher FT values compared to SO (p = 0.001). Also the FS results showed that CF had significantly higher values (90.11 MPa), followed by SO (22.15 MPa). The CS values showed the same order with significantly higher values for CF (231.79 MPa). While the FM and VH showed the reverse order with SO having significantly higher values than CF. pH measurements showed that CF evolved towards significantly higher pH values after 3 weeks in distilled water, while thermal properties showed more stability and higher resistance to degradation for CF compared to SO. The silver nitrate penetration results showed significantly better sealing ability for CF compared to the self-adhesive SO. Finally, EDX surface analysis results were consistent with the release profiles and confirmed the composition of the two tested materials. SIGNIFICANCE Both materials, demonstrated enhanced Fluoride release ability, and hence good remineralisation potential in vitro that could prevent recurrent carious lesions in vivo. The composition based on acrylic polymerization showed better mechanical resistance to bending and fracture, and higher sealing ability than those based on acid base reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Abouelleil
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté d'Odontologie, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Nina Attik
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté d'Odontologie, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Rodica Chiriac
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Francois Toche
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anthony Ory
- Univ Paris, Faculté d'Odontologie, Hôpital Rothschild, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - Assia Zayakh
- Hospices civils de Lyon, Service d'Odontologie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Brigitte Grosgogeat
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté d'Odontologie, 69008 Lyon, France; Hospices civils de Lyon, Service d'Odontologie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Nelly Pradelle-Plasse
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5615, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; Univ Paris, Faculté d'Odontologie, Hôpital Rothschild, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France
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Kunert M, Piwonski I, Hardan L, Bourgi R, Sauro S, Inchingolo F, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Dentine Remineralisation Induced by "Bioactive" Materials through Mineral Deposition: An In Vitro Study. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:274. [PMID: 38334546 PMCID: PMC10857417 DOI: 10.3390/nano14030274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the ability of modern resin-based "bioactive" materials (RBMs) to induce dentine remineralisation via mineral deposition and compare the results to those obtained with calcium silicate cements (CSMs). The following materials were employed for restoration of dentine cavities: CSMs: ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Sirona), MTA Angelus (Angelus), Biodentine (Septodont), and TheraCal LC (Bisco); RBMs: ACTIVA BioACTIVE Base/Liner (Pulpdent), ACTIVA Presto (Pulpdent), and Predicta Bioactive Bulk (Parkell). The evaluation of the mineral deposition was performed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) on the material and dentine surfaces, as well as at the dentine-material interface after immersion in simulated body fluid. Additionally, the Ca/P ratios were also calculated in all the tested groups. The specimens were analysed after setting (baseline) and at 24 h, 7, 14, and 28 days. ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, Biodentine, and TheraCal LC showed significant surface precipitation, which filled the gap between the material and the dentine. Conversely, the three RBMs showed only a slight ability to induce mineral precipitation, although none of them was able to remineralise the dentine-material interface. In conclusion, in terms of mineral precipitation, modern "bioactive" RBMs are not as effective as CSMs in inducing dentine remineralisation; these latter represent the only option to induce a possible reparative process at the dentin-material interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kunert
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ireneusz Piwonski
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 163 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera C/Del Pozo ss/n, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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Daabash R, Alqahtani MQ, Price RB, Alshabib A, Niazy A, Alshaafi MM. Surface Properties and Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Adhesion of Ion-Releasing Resin-Based Composite Materials. J Dent 2023; 134:104549. [PMID: 37196686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and related surface properties of ion-releasing resin-based composite (RBC) restorative materials. METHODS Two ion-releasing RBCs, Activa (ACT) and Cention-N (CN), were compared to a conventional RBC (Z350) and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Fuji-II-LC). Ten disk-shaped specimens were fabricated for each material (n=40). After standardized surface polishing procedure, the surface properties of the specimens were evaluated using surface roughness measurements by a profilometer and hydrophobicity using water contact angle measurements. To assess bacterial adhesion, the number of S. mutans bacteria was calculated from colony-forming units (CFU). Confocal laser scanning microscope analysis was done for qualitative & quantitative assessment. The data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test to compare the mean values of surface roughness, water contact angle and CFU values. To compare the mean dead cell percentage Kruskal-Wallis rank test and Conover test were used. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was used to report the statistical significance. RESULTS Z350 and ACT had the smoothest surfaces, followed by CN, and the roughest surface was seen in FUJI-II-LC. The lowest water contact angles were seen in CN, and Z350, and the highest were in ACT. S. mutans counts were the highest in ACT and the lowest in Z350 and CN. CN and Fuji-II-LC registered the highest percentage of dead bacterial cells, while the lowest were in ACT. SIGNIFICANCE Surface properties did not significantly influence bacterial adhesion. More S. mutans bacteria accumulated on ACT than on the nanofilled composite and on CN. CN had antibacterial effects against Streptococcus mutans biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Daabash
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed Q Alqahtani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Richard Bengt Price
- Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, Dalhousie University, Faculty of Dentistry, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Abdulrahman Alshabib
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdurahman Niazy
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maan M Alshaafi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Par M, Plančak L, Ratkovski L, Tauböck TT, Marovic D, Attin T, Tarle Z. Improved Flexural Properties of Experimental Resin Composites Functionalized with a Customized Low-Sodium Bioactive Glass. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4289. [PMID: 36297866 PMCID: PMC9607205 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the flexural properties of an experimental composite series functionalized with 5-40 wt% of a low-Na F-containing bioactive glass (F-series) and compared it to another experimental composite series containing the same amounts of the conventional bioactive glass 45S5 (C-series). Flexural strength and modulus were evaluated using a three-point bending test. Degree of conversion was measured using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Weibull analysis was performed to evaluate material reliability. The control material with 0 wt% of bioactive glass demonstrated flexural strength values of 105.1-126.8 MPa). In the C-series, flexural strength ranged between 17.1 and 121.5 MPa and was considerably more diminished by the increasing amounts of bioactive glass than flexural strength in the F-series (83.8-130.2 MPa). Analogously, flexural modulus in the C-series (0.56-6.66 GPa) was more reduced by the increase in bioactive glass amount than in the F-series (5.24-7.56 GPa). The ISO-recommended "minimum acceptable" flexural strength for restorative resin composites of 80 MPa was achieved for all materials in the F-series, while in the C-series, the materials with higher bioactive glass amounts (20 and 40 wt%) failed to meet the requirement of 80 MPa. The degree of conversion in the F-series was statistically similar or higher compared to that of the control composite with no bioactive glass, while the C-series showed a declining degree of conversion with increasing bioactive glass amounts. In summary, the negative effect of the addition of bioactive glass on mechanical properties was notably less pronounced for the customized bioactive glass than for the bioactive glass 45S5; additionally, mechanical properties of the composites functionalized with the customized bioactive glass were significantly less diminished by artificial aging. Hence, the customized bioactive glass investigated in the present study represents a promising candidate for functionalizing ion-releasing resin composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Par
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Laura Plančak
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Ratkovski
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tobias T. Tauböck
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Danijela Marovic
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Thomas Attin
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zrinka Tarle
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Daabash R, Alshabib A, Alqahtani MQ, Price RB, Silikas N, Alshaafi MM. Ion releasing direct restorative materials: Key mechanical properties and wear. Dent Mater 2022; 38:1866-1877. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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