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Özcan Y, Gamsizkan M. Dermatoscopic and Dermatopathologic Features of a 3-Year-Old Buried Polypropylene Suture. Adv Skin Wound Care 2023; 36:1-4. [PMID: 37079795 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000923092.57459.7a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cutaneous foreign bodies are a well-known cause of delayed wound healing and complications such as abscesses, fistula formation, and secondary infections. Polypropylene sutures are widely utilized in cutaneous surgery because they easily travel through tissues while eliciting minimal tissue reactions. Despite these advantages, retained polypropylene sutures can cause complications. The authors report a case of a retained polypropylene suture that remained buried after a total excision 3 years prior. It started to cause cutaneous symptoms when the patient began exercising 1 week prior to presentation. The authors also examine the dermatoscopic and dermatopathologic features and other complications related to retained polypropylene sutures that have been reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Özcan
- Yunus Özcan, MD, is Dermatologist, Department of Dermatology, Duzce Ataturk State Hospital, Turkey. Mehmet Gamsizkan, MD, is Professor, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Duzce University
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2
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Lashkari M, Rahmani M, Yousefpoor Y, Ahmadi-Zeidabadi M, Faridi-Majidi R, Ameri Z, Salary M, Azizi S, Shahabi A, Rahi A, Mirzaei-Parsa MJ. Cell-based wound dressing: Bilayered PCL/gelatin nanofibers-alginate/collagen hydrogel scaffold loaded with mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124099. [PMID: 36948335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Wound dressing is applied to promote the healing process, wound protection, and additionally regeneration of injured skin. In this study, a bilayer scaffold composed of a hydrogel and nanofibers was fabricated to improve the regeneration of injured skin. To this end, polycaprolactone/gelatin (PCL/Gel) nanofibers were electrospun directly on the prepared collagen/alginate (Col/Alg) hydrogel. The bilayer scaffold was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), mechanical properties, and swelling/degradation time. Cytotoxicity assays were evaluated using MTT assay. Then, the nanofiber and bilayer scaffolds were seeded with Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). ADSCs were isolated from rat adipose tissue and analyzed using flow cytometry, in advance. Full-thickness wounds on the backs of rats were dressed with ADSCs-seeded bilayer scaffolds and nanofibers. Histopathological evaluations were performed after 14 and 21 days using H&E (hematoxylin and eosin) staining. The results indicated that re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagen remodeling were enhanced in ADSCs-seeded bilayer scaffolds and nanofibers in comparison with the control group. In conclusion, the best re-epithelialization, collagen organization, neovascularization, and low presence of inflammation in the wound area were observed in the ADSCs-seeded bilayer scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahla Lashkari
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahya Rahmani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Yousefpoor
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Meysam Ahmadi-Zeidabadi
- Intracellular Recording Lab, Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi-Majidi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ameri
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Moein Salary
- Anatomical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Azizi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Arman Shahabi
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Amid Rahi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohamad Javad Mirzaei-Parsa
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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3
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Persistent Nose Swelling in a Teenage Girl: Answer. Am J Dermatopathol 2022; 44:1003-1004. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Lindsey M, Vishal S, Gardner JM, Shalin SC. Characterization of Morphologic and Cytochemical Staining Properties of Exogenous Materials Mimicking Fungal Organisms Encountered in Skin Biopsies. Am J Dermatopathol 2021; 43:679-687. [PMID: 34546986 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000001854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exogenous materials may be encountered in skin biopsies as contamination. Contamination may occur during the biopsy procedure in the clinic or during tissue processing in the laboratory. Although the experienced pathologist may often instinctively ignore clear examples of contamination, such tissue may be a source of confusion for young pathologists and those in training. Foreign materials can typically be recognized as exogenous by morphology, polarizability, and the presence or absence of a tissue reaction, but we have rarely encountered situations in which exogenous materials could be misinterpreted as organisms, either by their morphologic appearance or staining properties. METHODS Exogenous materials used during skin biopsy and grossing were embedded in a nonhuman tissue scaffold and prepared into histologic slides. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid-Schiff with diastase, and Grocott methenamine silver stains were performed, and each material was evaluated under polarized microscopy. RESULTS Exogenous materials were divided into the following 3 categories with shared morphologic appearances and staining properties: suture materials, plant-based materials, and synthetic materials. CONCLUSION We present a comprehensive characterization of the morphologic and cytochemical staining properties of multiple exogenous materials that may contaminate a skin biopsy. This characterization will aid the pathologist by providing a mechanism to identify potential contaminants in skin biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Lindsey
- Resident Physician, Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Sagar Vishal
- Cytopathology Fellow, Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA. Dr. Vishal is now with the Pathologist, Private Practice ThedaCare Medical Center, Appleton, WI
| | - Jerad M Gardner
- Associate Professor of Pathology and Dermatology, Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR. Gardner is now with the Faculty Dermatopathologist, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA; and
| | - Sara C Shalin
- Associate Professor of Pathology and Dermatology, Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
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5
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Yetim A, Aygüler E, Özçetin M, Bayramoğlu Z, Hançerli Törün S, Çelik M, Güdek K, Korur Fincanci Ş, Kiliç A. Foreign Body Reaction Due to a Forgotten Rubber Band on the Neck of a Toddler Girl. Pediatr Emerg Care 2021; 37:e491-e494. [PMID: 30624419 DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000001702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In the presence of an unhealed granulation tissue-like wound, a possibility of abuse and neglect along with a foreign body should come to mind. However, it may be difficult to recognize a foreign body in patients with atypical clinical presentations. We demonstrated delayed diagnosis of a rubber band embedded into subcutaneous tissue in a 2½-year-old girl who presented with a circumferential scar with 2 granulation tissue-like wounds on her neck due to a foreign body reaction developed over years. With this rare case presentation, we remind the possibility of abuse/neglect along with foreign bodies in neck lesions of children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Şebnem Korur Fincanci
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul School of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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6
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Morales-Neira D. It's elemental! Siliceous diatom frustules producing sarcoid-like granulomas in the subcutis. J Cutan Pathol 2021; 48:795-801. [PMID: 33600017 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Silica granulomas have been described on the skin and are rare; however, this is the first report of a sarcoid-like granulomatous reaction because of siliceous diatom frustules in the subcutis, making this an unprecedented case. A 41-year-old female presented with a subcutaneous nodule on the right forearm clinically suggestive of cyst, foreign body, or lipoma. Excisional biopsy revealed subcutis with a sarcoid-like granulomatous reaction in a background of fibrosis, containing abundant semitransparent, exquisitely geometric particles, mildly refringent under polarized light, highlighted by phase contrast microscopy; special stains were negative for microorganisms. Definitive characterization of the peculiar fragments was accomplished by confocal laser microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, revealing them as diatom frustules made of silicon dioxide (SiO2 ) or silica. Diatoms are unicellular algae, their skeletons (frustules) made of silica have collected on the bottom of rivers, lakes, and oceans for thousands or millions of years and form what we know as diatomite or diatomaceous earth, which is widely used in different industries and easily available in the market. The mechanism whereby diatom frustules gained access to the patient's subcutis is enigmatic.
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7
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Foreign Body Granuloma in the Tongue by a Pequi Spine. Case Rep Dent 2020; 2020:8838250. [PMID: 33224535 PMCID: PMC7671806 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8838250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Substances considered foreign to the human organism can penetrate it due to local trauma, initially causing an acute inflammatory response against these substances, involving a neutrophilic infiltrate that, when it fails to deal with these foreign bodies, ends up generating a granulomatous inflammatory response. Granuloma formation has been associated with a variety of conditions. The correct clinical and imaging diagnoses are extremely important for the dentist to choose an appropriate therapeutic approach, aiming at the best possible treatment. This work is aimed at describing a case report of a foreign body granuloma, formed on the tongue, from the penetration of a pequi spine, in a 76-year-old patient, in whom, after an imaging diagnosis with ultrasound, surgical removal of the lesion was performed, and the piece was sent for histopathological examination, which confirmed the initial diagnostic hypothesis of a foreign body granuloma. The initial diagnosis of foreign body granulomas is challenging. For this reason, more sophisticated means of diagnosis such as tomography and magnetic resonance become important in the diagnosis, as they can show with greater clarity and reliability the nature of the lesion and its relationship with adjacent anatomical structures. In the case in question, an ultrasound examination was chosen, which was extremely important as an aid to diagnosis, considerably improving surgical planning. In addition, after surgical removal, the result of the histopathological analysis is essential to determine the definitive diagnosis, as it determines the granulomatous characteristic of the lesion.
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8
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Lehman JS, Sokumbi O, Peters MS, Bridges AG, Comfere NI, Gibson LE, Wieland CN. Histopathologic features of noninfectious granulomatous disorders involving the skin. Hum Pathol 2020; 103:127-145. [PMID: 32544405 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Granulomatous dermatoses may represent primary skin inflammation or can serve as the harbinger of a multitude of underlying systemic disorders or drug reactions. Taken together with clinical findings, the microscopic features from skin biopsy can allow recognition of various patterns and facilitate a precise diagnosis. Accurate classification of entities in this category of inflammatory dermatoses may prompt clinicians to investigate for underlying systemic problems, thereby allowing the pathologist to add considerable value in the care of affected patients. This review article categorizes clinical and microscopic features of common and uncommon causes of noninfectious dermal and subcutaneous granulomatous inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S Lehman
- Departments of Dermatology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Olayemi Sokumbi
- Departments of Dermatology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Margot S Peters
- Departments of Dermatology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Alina G Bridges
- Departments of Dermatology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Nneka I Comfere
- Departments of Dermatology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Lawrence E Gibson
- Departments of Dermatology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Carilyn N Wieland
- Departments of Dermatology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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9
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Hoyt BS, Aaron DM, Yan S, Linos KD. Cutaneous Crospovidone: A Newly Described Foreign Body Due to Illicit Drug Abuse. Am J Dermatopathol 2019; 41:e84-e86. [PMID: 31335429 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000001374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Crospovidone, a polymer of poly N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, is an inert insoluble disintegrant found in pharmaceutical tablets. This material has been encountered in the lungs of intravenous drug users and embolized with other components such as talc and microcrystalline cellulose. More recently, crospovidone has also been described in the gastrointestinal tract. We present 2 cases of cutaneous crospovidone deposition resulting from subcutaneous injection of crushed tablets, commonly known as "skin popping." Clinical presentation includes painful, inflamed papules, nodules, or ulcers with overlying eschar. Crospovidone has a distinct and reproducible histochemical staining profile. Histologic recognition of this material is important because it can guide clinicians in their diagnosis and management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Hoyt
- Department of Surgery, Section of Dermatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
- Division of Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Denise M Aaron
- Department of Surgery, Section of Dermatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Shaofeng Yan
- Division of Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Konstantinos D Linos
- Division of Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
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10
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Abstract
Pigmented deposits can occur in the skin due to many and varied causes. Some of them are systemic conditions accompanied by involvement of internal organs. Others have serious prognostic implications, and early diagnosis can help in the correct and adequate management of the diseases. In addition, some of them are quite innocuous and the correct diagnosis avoids unnecessary treatments. In this article, we review the morphologic features of some of the most common and some of the less usual pigmented deposits in skin other than tattoos.
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11
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Busser B, Moncayo S, Trichard F, Bonneterre V, Pinel N, Pelascini F, Dugourd P, Coll JL, D'Incan M, Charles J, Motto-Ros V, Sancey L. Characterization of foreign materials in paraffin-embedded pathological specimens using in situ multi-elemental imaging with laser spectroscopy. Mod Pathol 2018; 31:378-384. [PMID: 29148536 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pathologists typically encounter many disparate exogenous materials in clinical specimens during their routine histopathological examinations, especially within the skin, lymph nodes, and lungs. These foreign substances may be free extracellular deposits or induce several clinical abnormalities or histopathological patterns. However, pathologists almost never investigate or report the chemical nature of exogenous metals in clinical specimens due to a lack of convenient and available technologies. In this paper, a novel strategy based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology is evaluated for in situ multi-elemental tissue imaging. The improved procedures allow visualization of the presence of chemical elements contained within paraffin-embedded specimens of medical interest with elemental images that are stackable with conventional histology images. We selected relevant medical situations for which the associated pathology reports were limited to the presence of lymphohistiocytic and inflammatory cells containing granules (a granuloma and a pseudolymphoma) or to lymph nodes or skin tissues containing pigments or foreign substances. Exogenous elements such as aluminum, titanium, copper, and tungsten were identified and localized within the tissues. The all-optical LIBS elemental imaging instrument that we developed is fully compatible with conventional optical microscopy used for pathology analysis. When combined with routine histopathological analysis, LIBS is a versatile technology that might help pathologists establish or confirm diagnoses for a wide range of medical applications, particularly when the nature of external agents present in tissues needs to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Busser
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS UMR 5309 joint research center, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Samuel Moncayo
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Florian Trichard
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Nicole Pinel
- Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Philippe Dugourd
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS UMR 5309 joint research center, Grenoble, France
| | - Michel D'Incan
- University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julie Charles
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS UMR 5309 joint research center, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Motto-Ros
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lucie Sancey
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA/Inserm U 1209/CNRS UMR 5309 joint research center, Grenoble, France
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12
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Holl-Ulrich K, Rose C. [Non-infectious granulomatous inflammation: Focus on the lungs and skin]. DER PATHOLOGE 2017; 37:172-82. [PMID: 26670175 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-015-0119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Whereas a granulomatous reaction represents a physiologically useful immune defense mechanism against many infections, in autoimmune diseases granuloma formation and the concomitant inflammatory mechanisms may provoke a potentially organ-threatening reaction. Morphologically, several defined sub-types of granuloma have long been known, e.g. foreign body granuloma, tuberculous granuloma,sarcoid, pseudosarcoid, rheumatoid and rheumatic fever granulomas. However, in practice, assigning granulomas to a certain etiology from a biopsy or resection specimen can be a challenging diagnostic process. This article gives a practically oriented overview of the clinically most relevant non-infectious granulomatous diseases. The etiology, epidemiology, clinical correlation and morphology of granulomatous diseases are discussed, focussing on the lungs and skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Holl-Ulrich
- Konsultations- und Referenzzentrum für Vaskulitis-Diagnostik, Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Deutschland. .,Gemeinschaftspraxis für Pathologie am Lademannbogen, Hamburg, Deutschland.
| | - C Rose
- Dermatopathologie Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
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13
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Fernández-Flores A. Morphology of rare exogenous materials in dermatopathology. J Cutan Pathol 2017; 44:237-248. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angel Fernández-Flores
- Department of Cellular Pathology; Hospital El Bierzo; Ponferrada Spain
- CellCOM-ST Group; Biomedical Investigation Institute of A Coruña; A Coruña Spain
- Department of Cellular Pathology; Hospital de la Reina; Ponferrada Spain
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14
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Abstract
A large list of foreign substances may penetrate the skin and induce a foreign body granulomatous reaction. These particles can enter the skin by voluntary reasons or be caused by accidental inclusion of external substances secondary to cutaneous trauma. In these cases, foreign body granulomas are formed around such disparate substances as starch, cactus bristles, wood splinters, suture material, pencil lead, artificial hair, or insect mouthparts. The purpose of this article is to update dermatologists, pathologists, and other physicians on the most recent etiopathogenesis, clinical presentations, systemic associations, evaluation, and evidence-based management concerning foreign body granulomatous reactions of skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Molina-Ruiz
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Avda. Reyes Católicos 2, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Luis Requena
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Avda. Reyes Católicos 2, Madrid 28040, Spain
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15
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Late-Onset Adverse Reactions Related to Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Filler for Aesthetic Soft Tissue Augmentation. J Craniofac Surg 2015; 26:782-4. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000001358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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16
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Teilmann AC, Nygaard Madsen A, Holst B, Hau J, Rozell B, Abelson KSP. Physiological and pathological impact of blood sampling by retro-bulbar sinus puncture and facial vein phlebotomy in laboratory mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113225. [PMID: 25426941 PMCID: PMC4245142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Retro-bulbar sinus puncture and facial vein phlebotomy are two widely used methods for blood sampling in laboratory mice. However, the animal welfare implications associated with these techniques are currently debated, and the possible physiological and pathological implications of blood sampling using these methods have been sparsely investigated. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess and compare the impacts of blood sampling by retro-bulbar sinus puncture and facial vein phlebotomy. Blood was obtained from either the retro-bulbar sinus or the facial vein from male C57BL/6J mice at two time points, and the samples were analyzed for plasma corticosterone. Body weights were measured at the day of blood sampling and the day after blood sampling, and the food consumption was recorded automatically during the 24 hours post-procedure. At the end of study, cheeks and orbital regions were collected for histopathological analysis to assess the degree of tissue trauma. Mice subjected to facial vein phlebotomy had significantly elevated plasma corticosterone levels at both time points in contrast to mice subjected to retro-bulbar sinus puncture, which did not. Both groups of sampled mice lost weight following blood sampling, but the body weight loss was higher in mice subjected to facial vein phlebotomy. The food consumption was not significantly different between the two groups. At gross necropsy, subcutaneous hematomas were found in both groups and the histopathological analyses revealed extensive tissue trauma after both facial vein phlebotomy and retro-bulbar sinus puncture. This study demonstrates that both blood sampling methods have a considerable impact on the animals' physiological condition, which should be considered whenever blood samples are obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Charlotte Teilmann
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Andreas Nygaard Madsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Holst
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jann Hau
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Björn Rozell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klas Stig Peter Abelson
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Eroğlu İ, Azizoğlu E, Özyazıcı M, Nenni M, Gürer Orhan H, Özbal S, Tekmen I, Ertam İ, Ünal İ, Özer Ö. Effective topical delivery systems for corticosteroids: dermatological and histological evaluations. Drug Deliv 2014; 23:1502-13. [PMID: 25259424 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2014.960981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing skin disease with severe eczematous lesions. Long-term topical corticosteroid treatment can induce skin atrophy, hypopigmentation and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) increase. A new treatment approach was needed to reduce the risk by dermal targeting. For this purpose, Betamethasone valerate (BMV)/Diflucortolone valerate (DFV)-loaded liposomes (220-350 nm) were prepared and incorporated into chitosan gel to obtain adequate viscosity (∼13 000 cps). Drugs were localized in stratum corneum + epidermis of rat skin in ex-vivo permeation studies. The toxicity was assessed on human fibroblast cells. In point of in-vivo studies, pharmacodynamic responses, treatment efficacy and skin irritation were evaluated and compared with previously prepared nanoparticles. Liposome/nanoparticle in gel formulations produced higher paw edema inhibition in rats with respect to the commercial cream. Similar skin blanching effect with commercial creams was obtained via liposome in gels although they contain 10 times less drug. Dermatological scoring results, prognostic histological parameters and suppression of mast cell numbers showed higher treatment efficiency of liposome/nanoparticle in gel formulations in AD-induced rats. TEWL and erythema measurements confirmed these results. Overview of obtained results showed that liposomes might be an effective and safe carrier for corticosteroids in skin disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Merve Nenni
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ege University , Bornova, Izmir , Turkey
| | - Hande Gürer Orhan
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ege University , Bornova, Izmir , Turkey
| | - Seda Özbal
- c Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Dokuz Eylul University , Inciralti, Izmir , Turkey , and
| | - Işıl Tekmen
- c Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Dokuz Eylul University , Inciralti, Izmir , Turkey , and
| | - İlgen Ertam
- d Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Bornova, Izmir , Turkey
| | - İdil Ünal
- d Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Bornova, Izmir , Turkey
| | - Özgen Özer
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
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