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Naik A, Chitturi P, Nguyen J, Leask A. The yes-associated protein-1 (YAP1) inhibitor celastrol suppresses the ability of transforming growth factor β to activate human gingival fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 160:105910. [PMID: 38364717 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether celastrol, an inhibitor of the mechanosensitive transcriptional cofactor yes-associated protein-1 (YAP1), impairs the ability of TGFβ1 to stimulate fibrogenic activity in human gingival fibroblast cell line. DESIGN Human gingival fibroblasts were pre-treated with celastrol or DMSO followed by stimulation with or without TGFβ1 (4 ng/ml). We then utilized bulk RNA sequencing (RNAseq), real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, immunofluorescence, cell proliferation assays to determine if celastrol impaired TGFβ1-induced responses in a human gingival fibroblast cell line. RESULTS Celastrol impaired the ability of TGFβ1 to induce expression of the profibrotic marker and mediator CCN2. Bulk RNAseq analysis of gingival fibroblasts treated with TGFβ1, in the presence or absence of celastrol, revealed that celastrol impaired the ability of TGFβ1 to induce mRNA expression of genes within extracellular matrix, wound healing, focal adhesion and cytokine/Wnt signaling clusters. RT-PCR analysis of extracted RNAs confirmed that celastrol antagonized the ability of TGFβ1 to induce expression of genes anticipated to contribute to fibrotic responses. Celastrol also reduced gingival fibroblast proliferation, and YAP1 nuclear localization in response to TGFβ1. CONCLUSION YAP1 inhibitors such as celastrol could be used to impair pro-fibrotic responses to TGFβ1 in human gingival fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angha Naik
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - John Nguyen
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Andrew Leask
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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Lang A, Benn A, Collins JM, Wolter A, Balcaen T, Kerckhofs G, Zwijsen A, Boerckel JD. Endothelial SMAD1/5 signaling couples angiogenesis to osteogenesis in juvenile bone. Commun Biol 2024; 7:315. [PMID: 38480819 PMCID: PMC10937971 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal development depends on coordinated angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Bone morphogenetic proteins direct bone formation in part by activating SMAD1/5 signaling in osteoblasts. However, the role of SMAD1/5 in skeletal endothelium is unknown. Here, we found that endothelial cell-conditional SMAD1/5 depletion in juvenile mice caused metaphyseal and diaphyseal hypervascularity, resulting in altered trabecular and cortical bone formation. SMAD1/5 depletion induced excessive sprouting and disrupting the morphology of the metaphyseal vessels, with impaired anastomotic loop formation at the chondro-osseous junction. Endothelial SMAD1/5 depletion impaired growth plate resorption and, upon long-term depletion, abrogated osteoprogenitor recruitment to the primary spongiosa. Finally, in the diaphysis, endothelial SMAD1/5 activity was necessary to maintain the sinusoidal phenotype, with SMAD1/5 depletion inducing formation of large vascular loops and elevated vascular permeability. Together, endothelial SMAD1/5 activity sustains skeletal vascular morphogenesis and function and coordinates growth plate remodeling and osteoprogenitor recruitment dynamics in juvenile mouse bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Lang
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany.
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, 01307, Germany.
| | - Andreas Benn
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Joseph M Collins
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Angelique Wolter
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Animal Welfare, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, 14163, Germany
| | - Tim Balcaen
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, Biomechanics lab, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pole of Morphology, UCLouvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry, Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Greet Kerckhofs
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, Biomechanics lab, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pole of Morphology, UCLouvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
- Division for Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Prometheus, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - An Zwijsen
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Joel D Boerckel
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Wein MN. Blood and bones: Mechanical cues and Hippo signaling drive vascular invasion during limb formation. Dev Cell 2024; 59:173-174. [PMID: 38262346 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Although mechanical cues are known to influence the postnatal skeleton, the impact of bone cell mechano-transduction on early skeletal development remains less clear. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Collins et al. (2023) report that YAP/TAZ deletion in osteoblast precursors reduces Cxcl12 expression, leading to defects in bone vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc N Wein
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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