SUMO4 Met55Val polymorphism is associated with coronary heart disease in Japanese type 2 diabetes individuals

SUMO4 Gene SNP rs237025 and the Synergistic Effect With Weight Management: A Study of Risk Factors and Interventions for MetS

Aim: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is widespread across the world. Gene targeted therapy and risk management are promising approaches for MetS intervention. SUMO4 gene rs237025 polymorphism is related to an increased risk of diabetes, therefore, it is considered a target for the gene polymorphism research of MetS.

Methods: A case-control study was performed to study the interaction of rs237025 with MetS and the components of MetS. A 5-years follow-up survey was carried out to elucidate the crosstalk between rs237025 and weight management, and the synergistic effect on MetS.

Results: A total of 1,008 MetS patients and 1,047 controls were recruited in this research. By cross-section study, we find that rs237025 is an independent risk factor for increased Waist Circumference (WC), elevated Triglyceride (TG), elevated Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and MetS. Cross-over analysis identifies the interaction of rs237025 and weight management as a risk factor for MetS, the synergistic effects of rs237025 and weight management are negative to WC, TG, and High-density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c).

Conclusion:SUMO4 gene rs237025 is related to increased risk of MetS, weight management is essential to MetS intervention, especially for patients with rs237025 polymorphism.

Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier 4 (SUMO4) Gene M55V Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-analysis Including 6,823 Subjects

BACKGROUND

Many studies suggest that the small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 (SUMO4) M55V gene polymorphism (rs237025) may be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, due to other conflicting results, a clear consensus is lacking in the matter.

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS

A meta-analysis consisting of 6,823 subjects from 10 studies was conducted to elucidate relationship between the SUMO4 M55V gene polymorphism and T2DM. Depending on the heterogeneity of the data, either a fixed or random-effects model would be used to assess the combined odds ratio (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).

RESULTS

SUMO4 gene M55V polymorphism was significantly associated with T2DM in the whole population under allelic (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.28, P = 1.63 × 10^-5), recessive (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.14-2.23, P = 0.006), dominant (OR: 0.815, 95% CI: 0.737-0.901, P = 6.89 × 10^-5), homozygous (OR: 1.415, 95% CI: 1.170-1.710, P = 0.0003), heterozygous (OR: 1.191, 95% CI: 1.072-1.323, P = 0.001), and additive genetic models (OR: 1.184, 95% CI: 1.097-1.279, P = 1.63 × 10^-5). In our subgroup analysis, a significant association was found again in the Chinese population, but not in Japanese or Iranian population.

CONCLUSION

SUMO4 gene M55V polymorphism may correlate with increased T2DM risk. Chinese carriers of the V allele of the SUMO4 gene M55V polymorphism may be predisposed to developing T2DM.

Polymorphism M55V in gene encoding small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 (SUMO4) protein associates with susceptibility to type 1 (and type 2) diabetes

BACKGROUND

The association between small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 (SUMO4) gene polymorphism and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been investigated in several studies. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association of SUMO4 gene polymorphism with T1DM and T2DM susceptibility.

METHODS

A meta-analysis was performed on the published studies before August 2011. The association of SUMO4 M55V polymorphism with T1DM and T2DM was evaluated. Meta-analysis was performed for genotypes AA versus GG, AA versus AG, AA versus AG + GG and A allele versus G allele in a fixed/random effect model. The combined odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated to estimate the strength of the association.

RESULTS

Sixteen case-control studies including 9190 cases and 10 456 healthy controls were included. T1DM patients were divided into Asian and Caucasian subgroup. We detected a significant association of SUMO4 M55V polymorphism with T1DM in Asian population (A versus G: OR = 0.79, 95%CI = 0.72-0.86, p = 0.000) and a significant association of SUMO4 M55V polymorphism with T1DM in Caucasian population (A versus G: OR = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.73-0.97, p = 0.007). Included T2DM patients were all Asian. Meanwhile, a significant association of SUMO4 M55V polymorphism with T2DM was also found (A versus G: OR = 0.86, 95%CI = 0.79-0.94, p = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study demonstrates significant associations of SUMO4 M55V polymorphism with T1DM in Asian and Caucasian population and with T2DM in Asian population.

[Association between SUMO4 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus]

This study investigated the association between small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 (SUMO4) gene polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Chinese Han of Beijing area. Using the case-control method, we included 404 T2DM patients in T2DM group and 500 age- and gender- matched healthy subjects in control group. We detected the distribution of alleles and genotypes of the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs237025, rs237024 and rs600739) with the polymerase chain reaction-high resolution melting curve (PCR-HRM) combined with gene sequencing, analysed the differences of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) among different genotypes carriers in T2DM group, and conducted a haplotype analysis. In this study, the results showed that the frequency of the G allele of rs237025 was significantly higher in T2DM group than that of control group (0.334 vs. 0.282, P = 0.017). Compared with control group, the GA genotype carriers of T2DM patients had 1.563 times more susceptibility to T2DM [P =0.001; odds ratio (OR), 1.563; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.189-2.053]. Meanwhile, the G allele carriers (GG+GA) of T2DM patients had 1.525 times more susceptibility to T2DM in the dominant model (GG+GA vs. AA, P = 0.002; OR,1.525; 95% CI,1.169-1.989). However, as for rs237024 and rs600739, no significant differences were found in the distribution of the genotypes and alleles between two groups (P >0.05).Although our study didn't observe any statistically significant results, we found that T2DM patients with GG and GA genotypes of rs237025, TT genotype of rs237024 and GG genotype of rs600739 had a higher level of HbA1c than counterparts in control group. In addition, the AAC, AGC and GGT haplotypes might contribute to susceptibility to T2DM (OR>1) , while the AAT and GAC haplotypes might be considered as protective factors against T2DM (OR<1). The results suggested that rs237025 polymorphisms was associated with susceptibility to T2DM, but rs237024 and rs600739 were not.

Association of SUMO4 Met55Val variation with increased insulin resistance in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population

SUMO4 Met55Val variation was shown to be related to type 2 diabetes susceptibility and the vascular complications in Asian people. To further examine the related mechanisms, this study was designed to evaluate the association of SUMO4 Met55Val polymorphism with insulin resistance and β cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients in a Chinese population. Four hundred and twenty seven newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were selected for SUMO4 Met55Val polymorphism genotype analysis. All subjects underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to estimate the insulin sensitivity and β cell function. Anthropometrics and a metabolic profile were used for phenotyping analysis. The results showed that the SUMO4 Met55Val polymorphism was associated with higher insulin resistance (P<0.001) and lower insulin sensitivity (P<0.001). Patients with GG genotype had higher levels of plasma glucose, insulin and C peptide. Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was closely correlated with body mass index (BMI) in patients with GG genotype in comparison to the counterparts with AG or AA genotype (r= -0.504 vs. r= -0.430 vs. r= -0.340). Multiple regression linear analysis showed that SUMO4 Met55Val polymorphism was an independent determinant for insulin sensitivity (P=0.001), which, along with triglyceride, BMI and sex, could account for 20.1% of the variation in ISI. The result remained the same after adjusting for BMI and sex. No association was found between SUMO4 Met55Val polymorphism and β cell function (all P>0.05). It was concluded that SUMO4 Met55Val variant was associated with increased insulin resistance in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.