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Dyal RN, Deschamps BA, McGraw SM, Jayne JM, Karl JP, Cole RE. Healthy Eating Score-7 as a Measure of Diet Quality in a Military Population. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 54:455-464. [PMID: 35000832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identify potential revisions to the Healthy Eating Score (HES-5) that improve associations with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) -2015 total and component scores. METHODS Pearson r correlations were determined from soldiers' (n = 433) survey data, including the HES, proposed additional questions, and the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire. RESULTS Adding sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drink questions (HES-7) strengthened the HES and HEI-2015 correlation (HES-5; r = 0.42, n = 433, r2 = 0.18, P < 0.001) (HES-7; r = 0.52, r2 = 0.27, P < 0.001). The HES components and Block Food Frequency Questionnaire consumption correlations were as follows: quantity of fruit (r = 0.37, r2 = 0.14, P < 0.001), vegetables (r = 0.41, r2 = 0.17, P < 0.001), whole grains (r = 0.35, r2 = 0.12 P < 0.001), dairy (r = 0.34, r2 = 0.12, P < 0.001), fish (r = 0.31, r2 = 0.10, P < 0.001), and energy drink (r = 0.59, r2 = 0.35, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS HES-7 had the strongest correlation with HEI-2015. Future studies can explore if including consumption quantity in the HES improves its representation of diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel N Dyal
- Madigan Army Medical Center, Nutrition Care Division, Joint Base Lewis McChord, WA.
| | - Bethany A Deschamps
- Madigan Army Medical Center, Nutrition Care Division, Joint Base Lewis McChord, WA
| | - Susan M McGraw
- US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Military Nutrition Division, Natick, MA
| | - Julianna M Jayne
- US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Military Nutrition Division, Natick, MA
| | - J Philip Karl
- US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Military Nutrition Division, Natick, MA
| | - Renee E Cole
- Medical Center of Excellence, Graduate Program in Nutrition, Joint Base San Antonio, Fort Sam Houston, TX
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Rostami H, Tavakoli HR, Rahimi MH, Mohammadi M. Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence among Armed Forces Personnel (Military Personnel and Police Officers): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mil Med 2020; 184:e417-e425. [PMID: 31247092 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usz144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is closely linked to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Various studies have reported the prevalence of MetS in different armed forces personnel in different countries. However, performing a systematic review and meta-analysis on this subject seems necessary. The aim of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence of MetS among armed forces personnel including members of the military and police forces. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review was carried out on all associated papers published in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library, encompassing the timeframe: November, 2018 to January 2000. The overall prevalence of MetS, and its prevalence based on different diagnostic criteria [National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III), American Heart Association (AHA) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF)] were pooled using a random-effects model. RESULTS Twenty five eligible studies were selected for the meta-analysis. Among all police officers contained in this study group, the overall prevalence of MetS was 26.2% (95% CI: 19.7-34%; Q = 229.45, p = 0.00). Among different military personnel contained in this study group, the overall estimation of MetS prevalence was 8.3% (95% CI: 6.3-11%; Q = 540.88, p = 0.00) the prevalence of MetS was 8.0% (95% CI: 5.7-11%; Q = 409.76, p = 0.00) according to the NCEP-ATP III criterion. CONCLUSION The findings from the present meta-analyses displayed a low prevalence of metabolic syndrome in armed forces in general. These findings will allow healthcare providers and policy-makers to find solutions in order to take action to reduce MetS risks on a wider scale, especially among police officers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Rostami
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Tavakoli
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Rahimi
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohammadi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Baygi F, Herttua K, Jensen OC, Djalalinia S, Mahdavi Ghorabi A, Asayesh H, Qorbani M. Global prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in the military population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Endocr Disord 2020; 20:8. [PMID: 31931788 PMCID: PMC6958577 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-020-0489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there are numerous studies on the global prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) in military personnel, the pooled prevalence of CMRFs in this population remains unclear. We aimed to systematically review the literature on the estimation of the global prevalence of CMRFs in the military population. METHODS We simultaneously searched PubMed and NLM Gateway (for MEDLINE), Institute of Scientific Information (ISI), and SCOPUS with using standard keywords. All papers published up to March 2018 were reviewed. Two independent reviewers assessed papers and extracted the data. Chi-square-based Q test was used to assess the heterogeneity of reported prevalence among studies. The overall prevalence of all CMRFs, including overweight, obesity, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high total cholesterol (TC), high triglyceride (TG), low high-density lipoprotein (HDL), hypertension (HTN) and high fasting blood sugar (FBS) was estimated by using the random effects meta-analysis. A total of 37 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS According the random effect meta-analysis, the global pooled prevalence (95% confidence interval) of MetS, high LDL, high TC, high TG, low HDL and high FBS were 21% (17-25), 32% (27-36), 34% (10-57), 24% (16-31), 28% (17-38) and 9% (5-12), respectively. Moreover, global pooled prevalence of overweight, generalized obesity, abdominal obesity and HTN were estimated to be 35% (31-39), 14% (13-16), 29% (20-39) and 26 (19-34), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The overall prevalence of some cardio-metabolic risk factors was estimated to be higher in military personnel. Therefore, the necessary actions should be taken to reduce risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER IN PROSPERO CRD42018103345.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Baygi
- Center of Maritime Health and Society, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Kimmo Herttua
- Center of Maritime Health and Society, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Olaf Chresten Jensen
- Center of Maritime Health and Society, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Shirin Djalalinia
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armita Mahdavi Ghorabi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asayesh
- Department of Medical emergency, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Langer RD, Silva AM, Borges JH, Cirolini VX, Páscoa MA, Guerra‐Júnior G, Gonçalves EM. Physical training over 6 months is associated with improved changes in phase angle, body composition, and blood glucose in healthy young males. Am J Hum Biol 2019; 31:e23275. [PMID: 31187509 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel D. Langer
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Centre for Investigation in Paediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas‐SP Brazil
| | - Analiza M. Silva
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, Department of Sport and Health of the Faculty of Human KineticsUniversity of Lisbon Cruz Quebrada Portugal
| | - Juliano H. Borges
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Centre for Investigation in Paediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas‐SP Brazil
| | - Vagner X. Cirolini
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Centre for Investigation in Paediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas‐SP Brazil
| | - Mauro A. Páscoa
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Centre for Investigation in Paediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas‐SP Brazil
| | - Gil Guerra‐Júnior
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Centre for Investigation in Paediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas‐SP Brazil
| | - Ezequiel M. Gonçalves
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Centre for Investigation in Paediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas‐SP Brazil
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Bowlby W, Zelnick LR, Henry C, Himmelfarb J, Kahn SE, Kestenbaum B, Robinson-Cohen C, Utzschneider KM, de Boer IH. Physical activity and metabolic health in chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol 2016; 17:187. [PMID: 27876008 PMCID: PMC5120456 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-016-0400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk of progression to end stage renal disease and cardiovascular events. Physical activity may reduce these risks by improving metabolic health. We tested associations of physical activity with central components of metabolic health among people with moderate-severe non-diabetic CKD. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of 47 people with CKD (estimated GFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2) and 29 healthy control subjects. Accelerometry was used to measured physical activity over 7 days, the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was used to measure insulin sensitivity, and DXA was used to measured fat mass. We tested associations of physical activity with insulin sensitivity, fat mass, blood pressure, serum lipid concentrations, and serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration using multivariable linear regression, adjusting for possible confounding factors. Results Participants with CKD were less active than participants without CKD (mean (SD) 468.1 (233.1) versus 662.3 (292.5) counts per minute) and had lower insulin sensitivity (4.1 (2.1) versus 5.2 (2.0 (mg/min)/(μU/mL)), higher fat mass (32.0 (11.4) versus 29.4 (14.8) kg), and higher triglyceride concentrations (153.2 (91.6) versus 99.6 (66.8) mg/dL). With adjustment for demographics, comorbidity, medications, and estimated GFR, each two-fold higher level of physical activity was associated with a 0.9 (mg/min)/(μU/mL) higher insulin sensitivity (95% CI 0.2, 1.5, p = 0.006), an 8.0 kg lower fat mass (−12.9, −3.1, p = 0.001), and a 37.9 mg/dL lower triglyceride concentration (−71.9, −3.9, p = 0.03). Associations of physical activity with insulin sensitivity and triglycerides did not differ significantly by CKD status (p-values for interaction >0.3). Conclusions Greater physical activity is associated with multiple manifestations of metabolic health among people with moderate-severe CKD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12882-016-0400-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Bowlby
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Leila R Zelnick
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Connor Henry
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jonathan Himmelfarb
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Steven E Kahn
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bryan Kestenbaum
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cassianne Robinson-Cohen
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kristina M Utzschneider
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. .,VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Jahnukainen K, Heikkinen R, Henriksson M, Andersson S, Ivaska KK, Puukko-Viertomies LR, Mäkitie O. Increased Body Adiposity and Serum Leptin Concentrations in Very Long-Term Adult Male Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Horm Res Paediatr 2016; 84:108-15. [PMID: 26088403 DOI: 10.1159/000431092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the body composition and its association with hypogonadism in adult male long-term acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors. METHODS The cohort included 49 long-term male ALL survivors and 55 age-matched healthy controls. Fat and lean mass was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; blood biochemistry was obtained for adipokines and testicular endocrine markers. RESULTS As compared with controls, the ALL survivors (median age 29 years, range 25-38), assessed 10-28 years after ALL diagnosis, had higher percentages of body (p < 0.05) and trunk fat mass (p < 0.05), and a lower body lean mass (p < 0.001). Survivors had significantly higher levels of leptin and adiponectin and lower levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3. Body fat mass and percent fat mass correlated with serum leptin and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels. Altogether, 15% of the ALL survivors and 9% of age-matched controls were obese (BMI ≥ 30). Obese survivors more often had hypogonadism, had received testicular irradiation, and needed testosterone replacement therapy compared to nonobese survivors. CONCLUSION At young adulthood, long-term male ALL survivors have significantly increased body adiposity despite normal weight and BMI. Potential indicators of increased adiposity included high leptin and low SHBG levels. Serum testicular endocrine markers did not correlate with body adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Jahnukainen
- Divisions of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common degenerative arthritis and is treated by a wide range of practitioners. Treatment planning requires knowledge of the knee joint components and the influence of systemic and environmental factors. The treatment of KOA has changed little in 50 years. We are entering a new stage where KOA is now being viewed as an organ in failure. Neurotransmission of pain is both peripheral and central. Medical treatment can influence both pathways. Current guidelines for treatment have more rigid criteria based on the literature. In the future, the use of genetic-based biomarkers, clinical patterns of response and imaging characteristics will likely create subgroups of individuals who could benefit from improved designer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred Rt Nelson
- Emeritus, Department of Orthopaedics, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
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Salonen MK, Wasenius N, Kajantie E, Lano A, Lahti J, Heinonen K, Räikkönen K, Eriksson JG. Physical activity, body composition and metabolic syndrome in young adults. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126737. [PMID: 25992848 PMCID: PMC4439134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low physical activity (PA) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in all age groups. We measured intensity and volume of PA and examined the associations between PA and the metabolic syndrome (MS), its components and body composition among young Finnish adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study comprises 991 men and women born 1985-86, who participated in a clinical study during the years 2009-11 which included assessments of metabolism, body composition and PA. Objectively measured (SenseWear Armband) five-day PA data was available from 737 participants and was expressed in metabolic equivalents of task (MET). RESULTS The prevalence of MS ranged between 8-10%. Higher total mean volume (MET-hours) or intensity (MET) were negatively associated with the risk of MS and separate components of MS, while the time spent at sedentary level of PA was positively associated with MS. CONCLUSIONS MS was prevalent in approximately every tenth of the young adults at the age of 24 years. Higher total mean intensity and volume rates as well as longer duration spent at moderate and vigorous PA level had a beneficial impact on the risk of MS. Longer time spent at the sedentary level of PA increased the risk of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna K. Salonen
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Niko Wasenius
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aulikki Lano
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lahti
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Heinonen
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Lonardo A, Ballestri S, Marchesini G, Angulo P, Loria P. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a precursor of the metabolic syndrome. Dig Liver Dis 2015; 47:181-90. [PMID: 25739820 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The conventional paradigm of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease representing the "hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome" is outdated. We identified and summarized longitudinal studies that, supporting the association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with either type 2 diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome, suggest that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease precedes the development of both conditions. Online Medical databases were searched, relevant articles were identified, their references were further assessed and tabulated data were checked. Although several cross-sectional studies linked nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to either diabetes and other components of the metabolic syndrome, we focused on 28 longitudinal studies which provided evidence for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as a risk factor for the future development of diabetes. Moreover, additional 19 longitudinal reported that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease precedes and is a risk factor for the future development of the metabolic syndrome. Finally, molecular and genetic studies are discussed supporting the view that aetiology of steatosis and lipid intra-hepatocytic compartmentation are a major determinant of whether fatty liver is/is not associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Data support the novel paradigm of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as a strong determinant for the development of the metabolic syndrome, which has potentially relevant clinical implications for diagnosing, preventing and treating metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo Lonardo
- AUSL Modena and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, NOCSAE - Baggiovara, Modena, Italy.
| | - Stefano Ballestri
- AUSL Modena, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Pavullo, Pavullo nel Frignano, Italy
| | - Giulio Marchesini
- "Alma Mater Studiorum" University, Unit of Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Dietetics, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paul Angulo
- University of Kentucky, Division of Digestive Diseases & Nutrition, Section of Hepatology, Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Paola Loria
- AUSL Modena and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, NOCSAE - Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
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