1
|
Li ZL, Li XY, Zhou Y, Wang B, Lv LL, Liu BC. Renal tubular epithelial cells response to injury in acute kidney injury. EBioMedicine 2024; 107:105294. [PMID: 39178744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a rapid and significant decrease in renal function that can arise from various etiologies, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) represent the central cell type affected by AKI, and their notable regenerative capacity is critical for the recovery of renal function in afflicted patients. The adaptive repair process initiated by surviving TECs following mild AKI facilitates full renal recovery. Conversely, when injury is severe or persistent, it allows the TECs to undergo pathological responses, abnormal adaptive repair and phenotypic transformation, which will lead to the development of renal fibrosis. Given the implications of TECs fate after injury in renal outcomes, a deeper understanding of these mechanisms is necessary to identify promising therapeutic targets and biomarkers of the repair process in the human kidney.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Lin Li
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin-Yan Li
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin-Li Lv
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Bi-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang S, Li X, Liu S, Zhang W, Li M, Qiao C. Research progress on the role of ET-1 in diabetic kidney disease. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1183-1192. [PMID: 37063089 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus, which usually progresses to end-stage renal disease and causes great damage to the health of patients. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a molecule closely associated with the progression of DKD, has increased expression in response to high glucose stimulation and is involved in hemodynamic changes, inflammation, glomerular and tubular dysfunction in the kidney, causing an increase in proteinuria and a decrease in glomerular filtration function, ultimately leading to glomerulosclerosis and renal failure. This paper aims to review the molecular level changes, regulatory mechanisms, and mechanisms of action of ET-1 under DKD, clinical trials of ET-1 receptor antagonists in recent years and current problems, to provide basic information and new research directions and ideas for the treatment of DKD and ET-1-related research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenghao Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanting Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meinuo Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Qiao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu J, Wei X, Gao J, Wang C, Wei W. Role of cyclosporin A in the treatment of kidney disease and nephrotoxicity. Toxicology 2023; 492:153544. [PMID: 37164250 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The clinical use of cyclosporin A (CsA) has led to significant advances and achievements in the field of transplantation and immune diseases. However, the nephrotoxicity of CsA is a major concern in current immunosuppression regimens. CsA causes abnormal kidney function while treating kidney disease, causing problems for clinicians and patients. Evidence of CsA nephrotoxicity is almost always present in transplant recipients after long-term CsA administration (up to 10 years), and similar phenomena occur with other calcineurin inhibitors. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms and influencing factors of CsA for the treatment of primary nephrotic syndrome. The mechanisms of CsA nephrotoxicity, clinical-pathological features, diagnosis, prevention strategies, and risk factors are summarized. We discuss the correlates and mechanisms of the switch between kidney disease prevention and nephrotoxicity of CsA to better understand the function of CsA in the kidney and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of CsA nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Mdicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China; Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China; Blood Purification Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Jinzhang Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Mdicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China; Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Mdicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China; Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Mdicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China; Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
The Mechanism of Hyperglycemia-Induced Renal Cell Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Disease: An Update. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020539. [PMID: 36836895 PMCID: PMC9967500 DOI: 10.3390/life13020539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of type I and II diabetes. It develops from the initial microproteinuria to end-stage renal failure. The main initiator for DN is chronic hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia (HG) can stimulate the resident and non-resident renal cells to produce humoral mediators and cytokines that can lead to functional and phenotypic changes in renal cells and tissues, interference with cell growth, interacting proteins, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), etc., ultimately resulting in glomerular and tubular damage and the onset of kidney disease. Therefore, poor blood glucose control is a particularly important risk factor for the development of DN. In this paper, the types and mechanisms of DN cell damage are classified and summarized by reviewing the related literature concerning the effect of hyperglycemia on the development of DN. At the cellular level, we summarize the mechanisms and effects of renal damage by hyperglycemia. This is expected to provide therapeutic ideas and inspiration for further studies on the treatment of patients with DN.
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang C, Wang M, Liu J, Zhang C, Li L, Wu Y, Chu Y, Wu D, Liu H, Yuan X. A Cyclopentanone Compound Attenuates the Over-Accumulation of Extracellular Matrix and Fibrosis in Diabetic Nephropathy via Downregulating the TGF-β/p38MAPK Axis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123270. [PMID: 36552026 PMCID: PMC9775671 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a crucial pathological process in chronic kidney diseases, such as diabetic nephropathy, etc. The underlying mechanisms of how to decrease ECM deposition to improve diabetic nephropathy remain elusive. The present study investigated whether cyclopentanone compound H8 alleviated ECM over-deposition and fibrosis to prevent and treat diabetic nephropathy. HK-2 cell viability after treatment with H8 was measured by an MTT assay. ECM alterations and renal fibrosis were identified in vitro and in vivo. A pharmacological antagonist was used to detect associations between H8 and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) signaling pathway. H8 binding was identified through computer simulation methods. Studies conducted on high glucose and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated HK-2 cells revealed that the p38MAPK inhibitor SB 202190 and H8 had similar pharmacological effects. In addition, excessive ECM accumulation and fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy were remarkably improved after H8 administration in vivo and in vitro. Finally, the two molecular docking models further proved that H8 is a specific p38MAPK inhibitor that forms a hydrogen bond with the LYS-53 residue of p38MAPK. The cyclopentanone compound H8 alleviated the over-deposition of ECM and the development of fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by suppressing the TGF-β/p38MAPK axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haifeng Liu
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (X.Y.); Tel.: +86-0453-6984403 (H.L.); +86-0453-6984401 (X.Y.)
| | - Xiaohuan Yuan
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (X.Y.); Tel.: +86-0453-6984403 (H.L.); +86-0453-6984401 (X.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tzeng HE, Tang CH, Tsai CH, Chiu CH, Wu MH, Yen Y. ET-1 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via the microRNA-489-3p /TWIST Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:5005-5018. [PMID: 34675545 PMCID: PMC8502871 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s294312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) constitutes almost 90% of head and neck malignancies and has a poor prognosis. To improve the efficacy of OSCC therapy, it is of great significance to explore other therapy for OSCC. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor peptide, is implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Moreover, ET-1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during the development of human cancers. We further to found that ET-1 exposure induced EMT in human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines SCC4 and SAS, by enhancing the expression of EMT biomarkers N-cadherin and vimentin and reducing E-cadherin expression via upregulation of the transcription factor TWIST. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell motility was examined by migration, invasion and wound-healing assays. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), and promoter assays confirmed the inhibitory effects of ET-1 on miRNAs expression in oral cancer cells. We demonstrate an intravenous injection model of lung metastasis followed by an advanced method for quantifying metastatic tumor using image analysis software. RESULTS In addition, ET-1/ETAR reduced levels of microRNA-489-3p (miR-489-3p), a transcriptional repressor of TWIST. We have identified a novel bypass mechanism through which ET-1/ETAR are involved in TWIST signaling and downregulate miR-489-3p expression, enabling OSCC cells to acquire the EMT phenotype. Notably, ET-1 knockdown dramatically decreased levels of EMT markers and cell migration potential. CONCLUSION The role of ET-1 in OSCC progression is supported by our findings from an in vivo murine model of OSCC. ET-1 may therefore represent a novel molecular therapeutic target in OSCC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huey-En Tzeng
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- PhD Program & Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hui Chiu
- Graduate Program in Department of Exercise Health Science, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Huan Wu
- Sports Recreation and Health Management Continuing Studies, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Bachelor of Science in Senior Wellness and Sport Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun Yen
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Neder TH, Schrankl J, Fuchs MAA, Broeker KAE, Wagner C. Endothelin receptors in renal interstitial cells do not contribute to the development of fibrosis during experimental kidney disease. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1667-1683. [PMID: 34355294 PMCID: PMC8433107 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02604-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis is characterized by the development of myofibroblasts, originating from resident renal and immigrating cells. Myofibroblast formation and extracellular matrix production during kidney damage are triggered by various factors. Among these, endothelins have been discussed as potential modulators of renal fibrosis. Utilizing mouse models of adenine nephropathy (AN) and unilateral ureter occlusion (UUO), this study aimed to investigate the contribution of endothelin signaling in stromal mesenchymal resident renal interstitial cells. We found in controls that adenine feeding and UUO caused marked upregulations of endothelin-1 (ET-1) gene expression in endothelial and in tubular cells and a strong upregulation of ETA-receptor (ETA-R) gene expression in interstitial and mesangial cells, while the gene expression of ETB-receptor (ETB-R) did not change. Conditional deletion of ETA-R and ETB-R gene expression in the FoxD1 stromal cell compartment which includes interstitial cells significantly reduced renal ETA-R gene expression and moderately lowered renal ETB-R gene expression. ET receptor (ET-R) deletion exerted no apparent effects on kidney development nor on kidney function. Adenine feeding and UUO led to similar increases in profibrotic and proinflammatory gene expression in control as well as in ETAflflETBflfl FoxD1Cre+ mice (ET-Ko). In summary, our findings suggest that adenine feeding and UUO activate endothelin signaling in interstitial cells which is due to upregulated ETA-R expression and enhanced renal ET-1 production Our data also suggest that the activation of endothelin signaling in interstitial cells has less impact for the development of experimentally induced fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Neder
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schrankl
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michaela A A Fuchs
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katharina A E Broeker
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dolivo D, Rodrigues A, Sun L, Li Y, Hou C, Galiano R, Hong SJ, Mustoe T. The Na x (SCN7A) channel: an atypical regulator of tissue homeostasis and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5469-5488. [PMID: 34100980 PMCID: PMC11072345 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03854-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Within an articulately characterized family of ion channels, the voltage-gated sodium channels, exists a black sheep, SCN7A (Nax). Nax, in contrast to members of its molecular family, has lost its voltage-gated character and instead rapidly evolved a new function as a concentration-dependent sensor of extracellular sodium ions and subsequent signal transducer. As it deviates fundamentally in function from the rest of its family, and since the bulk of the impressive body of literature elucidating the pathology and biochemistry of voltage-gated sodium channels has been performed in nervous tissue, reports of Nax expression and function have been sparse. Here, we investigate available reports surrounding expression and potential roles for Nax activity outside of nervous tissue. With these studies as justification, we propose that Nax likely acts as an early sensor that detects loss of tissue homeostasis through the pathological accumulation of extracellular sodium and/or through endothelin signaling. Sensation of homeostatic aberration via Nax then proceeds to induce pathological tissue phenotypes via promotion of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic responses, induced through direct regulation of gene expression or through the generation of secondary signaling molecules, such as lactate, that can operate in an autocrine or paracrine fashion. We hope that our synthesis of much of the literature investigating this understudied protein will inspire more research into Nax not simply as a biochemical oddity, but also as a potential pathophysiological regulator and therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Dolivo
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Adrian Rodrigues
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Lauren Sun
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Yingxing Li
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Chun Hou
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Robert Galiano
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Seok Jong Hong
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA.
- , 300 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Thomas Mustoe
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA.
- , 737 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hypoxia, HIF, and Associated Signaling Networks in Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050950. [PMID: 28468297 PMCID: PMC5454863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is complex and apparently multifactorial. Hypoxia or decrease in oxygen supply in kidney tissues has been implicated in CKD. Hypoxia inducible factors (HIF) are a small family of transcription factors that are mainly responsive to hypoxia and mediate hypoxic response. HIF plays a critical role in renal fibrosis during CKD through the modulation of gene transcription, crosstalk with multiple signaling pathways, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and epigenetic regulation. Moreover, HIF also contributes to the development of various pathological conditions associated with CKD, such as anemia, inflammation, aberrant angiogenesis, and vascular calcification. Treatments targeting HIF and related signaling pathways for CKD therapy are being developed with promising clinical benefits, especially for anemia. This review presents an updated analysis of hypoxia response, HIF, and their associated signaling network involved in the pathogenesis of CKD.
Collapse
|
10
|
Sutariya B, Taneja N, Badgujar L, Saraf M. Modulatory effect of betanin on high glucose induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in renal proximal tubular cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:18-28. [PMID: 28214684 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh Sutariya
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, 400068, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neetika Taneja
- Department of Pharmaceutics, C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, Juhu Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400049, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lohit Badgujar
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, 400068, Maharashtra, India
| | - Madhusudan Saraf
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, 400068, Maharashtra, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Seccia TM, Caroccia B, Gioco F, Piazza M, Buccella V, Guidolin D, Guerzoni E, Montini B, Petrelli L, Pagnin E, Ravarotto V, Belloni AS, Calò LA, Rossi GP. Endothelin-1 Drives Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Hypertensive Nephroangiosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003888. [PMID: 27444511 PMCID: PMC5015413 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tubulointerstitial fibrosis, the final outcome of most kidney diseases, involves activation of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Endothelin-1 (ET-1) activates EMT in cancer cells, but it is not known whether it drives EMT in the kidney. We therefore tested the hypothesis that tubulointerstitial fibrosis involves EMT driven by ET-1. METHODS AND RESULTS Transgenic TG[mRen2]27 (TGRen2) rats developing fulminant angiotensin II-dependent hypertension with prominent cardiovascular and renal damage were submitted to drug treatments targeted to ET-1 and/or angiotensin II receptor or left untreated (controls). Expressional changes of E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) were examined as markers of renal EMT. In human kidney HK-2 proximal tubular cells expressing the ETB receptor subtype, the effects of ET-1 with or without ET-1 antagonists were also investigated. The occurrence of renal fibrosis was associated with EMT in control TGRen2 rats, as evidenced by decreased E-cadherin and increased αSMA expression. Irbesartan and the mixed ET-1 receptor antagonist bosentan prevented these changes in a blood pressure-independent fashion (P < 0.001 for both versus controls). In HK-2 cells ET-1 blunted E-cadherin expression, increased αSMA expression (both P < 0.01), collagen synthesis, and metalloproteinase activity (P < 0.005, all versus untreated cells). All changes were prevented by the selective ETB receptor antagonist BQ-788. Evidence for involvement of the Rho-kinase signaling pathway and dephosphorylation of Yes-associated protein in EMT was also found. CONCLUSIONS In angiotensin II-dependent hypertension, ET-1 acting via ETB receptors and the Rho-kinase and Yes-associated protein induces EMT and thereby renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa M Seccia
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Brasilina Caroccia
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Gioco
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Piazza
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Buccella
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Diego Guidolin
- Human Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Eugenia Guerzoni
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Barbara Montini
- Immunology, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Lucia Petrelli
- Human Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Pagnin
- Nephrology Divisions, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Verdiana Ravarotto
- Nephrology Divisions, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Anna S Belloni
- Human Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Lorenzo A Calò
- Nephrology Divisions, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Rossi
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The incidence of progressive kidney disease associated with diabetes continues to increase worldwide. Only partial renoprotection is achieved by current standard therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and/or angiotensin-receptor blockers, increasing the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Experimental studies have provided evidence of a pathogenic role for endothelin-1 (ET-1) and its cognate receptors in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. ET-1, mainly through the activation of ETA receptor, contributes to renal cell injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. In animal models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, ETA-selective antagonists have been shown to provide renoprotective effects, supplying the rationale for clinical trials in patients with diabetic nephropathy with ETA-receptor antagonists administered in addition to renin-angiotensin system blockade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gagliardini
- Unit of Advanced Microscopy, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Carlamaria Zoja
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Experimental Renal Disease and Interaction With Other Organ Systems, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Ariela Benigni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Franzén S, Palm F. Endothelin type A receptor inhibition normalises intrarenal hypoxia in rats used as a model of type 1 diabetes by improving oxygen delivery. Diabetologia 2015; 58:2435-42. [PMID: 26173672 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3690-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Intrarenal tissue hypoxia, secondary to increased oxygen consumption, has been suggested as a unifying mechanism for the development of diabetic nephropathy. Increased endothelin-1 signalling via the endothelin type A receptor (ETA-R) has been shown to contribute to the development of chronic kidney disease, but its role in kidney oxygen homeostasis is presently unknown. METHODS The effects of acute ETA-R inhibition (8 nmol/l BQ-123 for 30-40 min directly into the left renal artery) on kidney function and oxygen metabolism were investigated in normoglycaemic control and insulinopenic male Sprague Dawley rats (55 mg/kg streptozotocin intravenously 2 weeks before the main experiment) used as a model of type 1 diabetes. RESULTS Local inhibition of ETA-R in the left kidney did not affect BP in either the control or the diabetic rats. As previously reported, diabetic rats displayed increased kidney oxygen consumption resulting in tissue hypoxia in both the kidney cortex and medulla. The inhibition of ETA-Rs restored normal kidney tissue oxygen availability in the diabetic kidney by increasing renal blood flow, but did not affect oxygen consumption. Furthermore, ETA-R inhibition reduced the diabetes-induced glomerular hyperfiltration and increased the urinary sodium excretion. Kidney function in normoglycaemic control rats was largely unaffected by BQ-123 treatment, although it also increased renal blood flow and urinary sodium excretion in these animals. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Acutely reduced intrarenal ETA-R signalling results in significantly improved oxygen availability in the diabetic kidney secondary to elevated renal perfusion. Thus, the beneficial effects of ETA-R inhibition on kidney function in diabetes may be due to improved intrarenal oxygen homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Franzén
- Experimental Renal Medicine, Division of Drug Research, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, 58185, Linköping, Sweden.
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Fredrik Palm
- Experimental Renal Medicine, Division of Drug Research, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, 58185, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Division of Integrative Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains the most common cause of chronic kidney disease and multiple therapeutic agents, primarily targeted at the renin-angiotensin system, have been assessed. Their only partial effectiveness in slowing down progression to end-stage renal disease, points out an evident need for additional effective therapies. In the context of diabetes, endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been implicated in vasoconstriction, renal injury, mesangial proliferation, glomerulosclerosis, fibrosis and inflammation, largely through activation of its endothelin A (ETA) receptor. Therefore, endothelin receptor antagonists have been proposed as potential drug targets. In experimental models of DKD, endothelin receptor antagonists have been described to improve renal injury and fibrosis, whereas clinical trials in DKD patients have shown an antiproteinuric effect. Currently, its renoprotective effect in a long-time clinical trial is being tested. This review focuses on the localization of endothelin receptors (ETA and ETB) within the kidney, as well as the ET-1 functions through them. In addition, we summarize the therapeutic benefit of endothelin receptor antagonists in experimental and human studies and the adverse effects that have been described.
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu N, Wang L, Yang T, Xiong C, Xu L, Shi Y, Bao W, Chin YE, Cheng SB, Yan H, Qiu A, Zhuang S. EGF Receptor Inhibition Alleviates Hyperuricemic Nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 26:2716-29. [PMID: 25788532 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014080793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for CKD and contributes to kidney fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of EGF receptor (EGFR) inhibition on the development of hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN) and the mechanisms involved. In a rat model of HN induced by feeding a mixture of adenine and potassium oxonate, increased EGFR phosphorylation and severe glomerular sclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis were evident, accompanied by renal dysfunction and increased urine microalbumin excretion. Administration of gefitinib, a highly selective EGFR inhibitor, prevented renal dysfunction, reduced urine microalbumin, and inhibited activation of renal interstitial fibroblasts and expression of extracellular proteins. Gefitinib treatment also inhibited hyperuricemia-induced activation of the TGF-β1 and NF-κB signaling pathways and expression of multiple profibrogenic cytokines/chemokines in the kidney. Furthermore, gefitinib treatment suppressed xanthine oxidase activity, which mediates uric acid production, and preserved expression of organic anion transporters 1 and 3, which promotes uric acid excretion in the kidney of hyperuricemic rats. Thus, blocking EGFR can attenuate development of HN via suppression of TGF-β1 signaling and inflammation and promotion of the molecular processes that reduce uric acid accumulation in the body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Nephrology and
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology and
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Chongxiang Xiong
- Research Center for Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | - Y Eugene Chin
- Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Bin Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | | | - Andong Qiu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology and Research Center for Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kim SW, Kim SJ, Langley RR, Fidler IJ. Modulation of the cancer cell transcriptome by culture media formulations and cell density. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:2067-75. [PMID: 25776572 PMCID: PMC4383016 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated how varying the composition of cell culture formulations and growing cancer cells at different densities might affect tumor cell genotype. Specifically, we compared gene expression profiles generated by human MDA‑MB‑231 breast cancer cells cultured in different media [minimum essential medium (MEM), Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), or Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)‑1640 medium] containing different concentrations of fetal bovine serum (FBS) or different sera (equine or bovine) that were grown at different cell densities. More than 2,000 genes were differentially modulated by at least a 2‑fold difference when MDA‑MB‑231 cancer cells were 90% confluent and compared with cultures that were 50% confluent. Altering the concentration of serum produced an even more pronounced effect on MDA‑MB‑231 cancer cell gene expression in that 2,981 genes were differentially expressed in a comparison between cells cultured in 0.1% FBS and same cell density cultures that were maintained in 10% FBS. A comparison between MDA‑MB‑231 cancer cells that were 90% confluent in MEM, DMEM, or RPMI‑1640 media, all containing 10% FBS, resulted in 8,925 differentially expressed genes. Moreover, one‑quarter (25.6%) of genes from our genome‑wide expression analysis were expressed at significantly different levels by cells grown in MEM, DMEM, or RPMI‑1640 media. Genes associated with epithelial‑mes-enchymal transition (EMT) were among the genes that were differentially modulated by cells grown in different cell culture formulations and these genes were verified at the protein level. Collectively, these results underscore the importance of accurate reporting and maintenance of uniform culture conditions to ensure reproducible results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Wook Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sun-Jin Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert R Langley
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Isaiah J Fidler
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
LI DANDAN, ZHAO TINGBAO, MENG JIANZHONG, JING YING, JIA FENGYU, HE PING. Procyanidin B2 inhibits high glucose-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HK-2 human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2012; 12:8148-54. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|