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Relative Importance of Physical Activity and Body Composition on Insulin Resistance in Older Adult Population. TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/tgr.0000000000000358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Länsitie M, Kangas M, Jokelainen J, Venojärvi M, Vaaramo E, Härkönen P, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Korpelainen R. Association between accelerometer-measured physical activity, glucose metabolism, and waist circumference in older adults. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 178:108937. [PMID: 34217770 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the association of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) with glucose metabolism according to waist circumference (WC) in older people. METHODS A population-based sample of 702 individuals (aged 67-70 years) wore wrist-worn accelerometers for two weeks and underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. The associations between moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) and light (LPA) PA, ST, and glucose metabolism across the tertiles of WC were analysed using general linear regression. RESULTS Among highest WC tertile, LPA negatively associated with fasting insulin (β = - 0.047, 95% CI - 0.082 to - 0.012), HOMA-IR (β = - 0.098, 95% CI - 0.184 to - 0.012), and HOMA-β (β = - 3.367, CI - 6.570 to - 0.783). ST associated with 120 min glucose (β = 0.140, CI 0.021 to 0.260). Among lowest WC tertile, MVPA negatively associated with 30 min insulin (β = - 0.086, 95% CI - 0.168 to - 0.004) and 120 min insulin (β = - 0.160, 95% CI - 0.257 to - 0.063) and positively associated with Matsuda index (β = 0.076, 95% CI 0.014 to 0.139). Light PA negatively associated with 120 min insulin (β = - 0.054, 95% CI - 0.104 to - 0.005). CONCLUSION With the limitation of the cross-sectional study, reducing ST and increasing LPA may be beneficial for glucose metabolism among abdominally obese older adults. Lean older adults could benefit more from increasing MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miia Länsitie
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland; Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Maarit Kangas
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Jari Jokelainen
- Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland; Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Mika Venojärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Eeva Vaaramo
- Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland.
| | - Pirjo Härkönen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Healthcare and Social Services of Selänne, Pyhäjärvi, Finland.
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland; Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Länsitie M, Niemelä M, Kangas M, Venojärvi M, Härkönen P, Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi S, Korpelainen R. Physical activity profiles and glucose metabolism — A population‐based cross‐sectional study in older adults. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miia Länsitie
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr. Oulu Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Maisa Niemelä
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging Physics and Technology University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Maarit Kangas
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr. Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging Physics and Technology University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Mika Venojärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | - Pirjo Härkönen
- Center for Life Course Health Research University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Sirkka Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi
- Center for Life Course Health Research University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Healthcare and Social Services of Selänne Pyhäjärvi Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr. Oulu Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
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Huang CH, Umegaki H, Makino T, Uemura K, Hayashi T, Kitada T, Inoue A, Shimada H, Kuzuya M. Effect of various exercises on frailty among older adults with subjective cognitive concerns: a randomised controlled trial. Age Ageing 2020; 49:1011-1019. [PMID: 32520984 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afaa086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical exercise has been linked to reduced frailty, but there is insufficient evidence of beneficial effects in community-dwelling older adults with subjective cognitive concerns. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to clarify the effects of physical exercise in this population. DESIGN Single-blind randomised controlled trial. SETTING Community sports centres. PARTICIPANTS Residents aged 65-85 years were screened using the Kihon checklist; those with subjective cognitive concerns were invited for eligibility assessment. In total, 415 community-dwelling older adults were enrolled and randomised. METHODS This trial investigated the effects of aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT) and combined training (AT+RT) programs on reducing frailty. All participants were randomised into one of the three intervention groups or the control group. Participants in the intervention groups underwent a group training program and self-paced home training for 26 weeks. The control group received lectures about health promotion. A 95-item frailty index (FI) was utilised to determine the effects of training. Participants were followed up at weeks 26 and 52. RESULTS At baseline, mean age of all participants (47% women) was 72.3 ± 4.6 years, with a mean FI score of 0.3 ± 0.1. Compared with control group, AT improved total FI by 0.020 (CI -0.039 to -0.001, effect size -0.275) and the depression and anxiety component of FI by 0.051 (CI -0.084 to -0.018, effect size -0.469) at week 26, but the effects waned at week 52. No significant differences in FI were found in RT and AT+RT groups at weeks 26 and 52. CONCLUSIONS A 26-week AT reduced frailty modestly, especially in the depression and anxiety component, in older adults with subjective cognitive concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hsien Huang
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taeko Makino
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuki Uemura
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hayashi
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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Huang CH, Umegaki H, Makino T, Uemura K, Hayashi T, Kitada T, Inoue A, Shimada H, Kuzuya M. Effect of Various Exercises on Intrinsic Capacity in Older Adults With Subjective Cognitive Concerns. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 22:780-786.e2. [PMID: 32768376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical activity is associated with improvement in overall health and well-being, but robust evidence with comprehensive assessment of general health is lacking. This study aimed to clarify the effects of physical activity on intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling older adults with subjective memory concerns. DESIGN A single-blind randomized controlled trial compared aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), and combined training (AT+RT) programs for improving general health evaluated by intrinsic capacity. SETTING Toyota, Japan. PARTICIPANTS Residents (65-85 years old) who screened positive for subjective memory concerns using the Kihon checklist were invited for eligibility assessment. In total, 415 community-dwelling older adults were enrolled and randomized into the AT, RT, AT+RT, and control groups. METHODS Participants in the intervention groups underwent a group training program and self-paced home training for 26 weeks. The control group received lectures about health promotion. Intrinsic capacity (IC), constructed based on locomotion, cognition, psychological function, and vitality domains, was used to assess general health at baseline, week 26, and week 52. Between-group differences were exhibited with Z-score change in individual domain and combination of all domains. RESULTS At baseline, mean age of all participants (47% women) was 72.3 ± 4.6 years, with a mean composited IC Z-score of -0.2 ± 0.5. Overall, AT and RT improved composite IC Z-scores by 0.17 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03-0.30) and 0.17 (95% CI 0.05-0.28) at week 26, respectively, but the beneficial effects waned at week 52. No significant differences in composite IC Z-scores were found in the AT+RT group at weeks 26 and 52. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Twenty-six-week AT with self-paced home training and RT with self-paced home training improve IC among community-dwelling older adults with subjective memory concerns, but the benefits waned subsequently. It will be required to develop optimal interventions that have a continuous beneficial effect on IC among community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hsien Huang
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan; Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C.; School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Taeko Makino
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Kazuki Uemura
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hayashi
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Kitada
- Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan; Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan.
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