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Badawi AE, Kasem MA, Moemen D, El Sayed Zaki M. Molecular, Epidemiological and Clinical Assessment of Adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis in Egypt: Institutional Study. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023; 31:1640-1646. [PMID: 35816022 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2092004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the frequency of Human adenovirus (HAdV) and its serotypes in keratoconjunctivitis patients who attended the outpatient clinics of Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Egypt. METHODS Conjunctival secretions and corneal scrapings were collected from patients complaining of clinically diagnosed viral keratoconjunctivitis. The molecular method for HAdV detection was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction enzymes (REA) determination of serotypes for hexone gene. RESULTS HAdV infection was detected in 38% of samples. There were 4 serotypes of Human adenovirus species D (HAdV-D) isolated (4, 8, 37, 3), where HAdV-D8 was the most dominant. Contact with infected patient, follicular conjunctivitis and subepithelial corneal infiltrates are useful features for clinical diagnosis of adenoviral conjunctivitis. CONCLUSION HAdV was significant etiological factor of acute follicular conjunctivitis. Accurate diagnosis of adenoviral conjunctivitis is essential for appropriate management, reducing permanent visual impairment and to limit the transmission of the virus within the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani E Badawi
- Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manal Ali Kasem
- Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Dalia Moemen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maysaa El Sayed Zaki
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Mah J, Huang CH, Sahoo MK, Pinsky BA. Evaluation of a Semiautomated System for the Quantitation of Human Adenovirus DNA from Clinical Samples. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0501022. [PMID: 36847504 PMCID: PMC10100871 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05010-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) cause severe disease in immunocompromised patients. Quantitation of HAdV DNA in peripheral blood is used to assess the risk of disseminated disease and to monitor response to therapy. The lower limit of detection, precision, and linearity of the semiautomated AltoStar adenovirus quantitative PCR (qPCR) was evaluated using reference HAdV-E4 in EDTA plasma and respiratory virus matrix. Qualitative and quantitative agreement was determined using 122 clinical EDTA plasma specimens previously tested using a laboratory-developed HAdV qPCR. The 95% lower limit of detection (LLOD) was 33 IU/mL (95% confidence interval [CI], 10 to 56) for EDTA plasma and 188 IU/mL (95% CI, 145 to 304) for respiratory swab matrix. In both matrices, the AltoStar HAdV qPCR was linear from 7.0 to 2.0 log10 IU/mL. For the clinical specimens, overall agreement was 96.7% (95% CI, 91.8 to 99.1), positive percent agreement was 95.5% (95% CI, 87.6 to 98.5), and negative percent agreement was 98.2% (95% CI, 88.5 to 99.7). Passing-Bablok analysis of specimens quantifiable by both methods revealed a regression line of Y = 1.11 · X + 0.00; there was positive proportional bias (95% CI of the slope, 1.05 to 1.22) but no systematic bias (95% CI of the Y-intercept, -0.43 to 0.23) compared to the reference. The AltoStar platform provides accurate quantitation of HAdV DNA and provides a semiautomated option for the clinical monitoring of HAdV following transplantation. IMPORTANCE Accurate quantification of human adenovirus DNA in the peripheral blood plays a critical role in the management of adenovirus infections in transplant recipients. Many laboratories utilize in-house laboratory-based PCR assays for the quantification of human adenovirus, as there are few commercial options available. Here, we describe the analytical and clinical performance of the semiautomated AltoStar adenovirus quantitative PCR (Altona Diagnostics). This platform provides sensitive, precise, and accurate quantification of adenovirus DNA that is well suited for virological testing following transplantation. Prior to implementing a new quantitative test in the clinical laboratory, a rigorous evaluation is required to determine assay performance characteristics and to correlate results to current in-house methods of quantitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Mah
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Chun Hong Huang
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Malaya K. Sahoo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Benjamin A. Pinsky
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Chaekal OK, Soave R, Chen Z, Shore T, Mayer S, Phillips A, Mei Hsu J, Gomez-Arteaga A, Rennert H, Drelick A, Orfali N, Walsh TJ, Small CB, Kodiyanplakkal RPL, Plate M, Satlin MJ, van Besien K. Adenovirus viremia after in vivo T-cell depleted allo-transplant in adults: low lymphocyte counts are associated with uncontrolled viremia and fatal outcomes. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 63:435-442. [PMID: 34643477 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1978088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of adenovirus viremia and the role of screening in preventing adenovirus disease in adult transplant recipients are not well defined. Between January 2017 and May 2020, 262 allogeneic transplants were performed using in vivo T-cell depletion. Adenovirus viremia was found in 59 patients for a cumulative incidence of 10% by one hundred days and 23% (95% CI 20-26%) by one year. There was a higher incidence of viremia associated with cord blood transplant (p = .04). No other patient, donor or transplant characteristics were identified that predicted for viremia. In 47 patients (80%), viremia remained well below 200,000 copies/mL and resolved. Twelve patients developed high level viremia. Treatment with antivirals and in some cases adoptive cell therapy, was often ineffective and only two survived. Low lymphocyte count at initial detection of adenovirus viremia was the best predictor of uncontrolled disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok-Kyong Chaekal
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosemary Soave
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tsiporah Shore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cell Therapy Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sebastian Mayer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cell Therapy Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adrienne Phillips
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cell Therapy Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jing Mei Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cell Therapy Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra Gomez-Arteaga
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cell Therapy Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hanna Rennert
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alex Drelick
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nina Orfali
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cell Therapy Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas J Walsh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catherine B Small
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosy Priya L Kodiyanplakkal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Markus Plate
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael J Satlin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Koen van Besien
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cell Therapy Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Wong SSY, Yip CCY, Sridhar S, Leung KH, Cheng AKW, Fung AMY, Lam HY, Chan KH, Chan JFW, Cheng VCC, Tang BSF, Yuen KY. Comparative evaluation of a laboratory-developed real-time PCR assay and RealStar® Adenovirus PCR Kit for quantitative detection of human adenovirus. Virol J 2018; 15:149. [PMID: 30261891 PMCID: PMC6161464 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-018-1059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human adenoviruses are common causes of community-acquired respiratory tract and enteric infections. Severe disseminated infections with high mortality rates may be seen in immunocompromised individuals. An accurate and cost-effective quantitative assay is essential not only for laboratory diagnosis of adenoviral infections, but also for monitoring of response to antiviral treatment. The diagnostic performance of an in-house quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay was compared to a commercial system. Methods The analytical sensitivity, specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy of an in-house adenovirus quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay were evaluated against the RealStar® Adenovirus PCR Kit (Altona Diagnostics GmbH, Hamburg, Germany), using 122 clinical specimens and 18 proficiency testing samples. Results Linear regression analysis of the quantitative results by the in-house assay showed the dynamic range from 2.60 to 9 log10 (plasma) and 2.94 to 9 log10 (viral transport medium) copies/mL, with the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.996 and 0.998, respectively. A dilution series demonstrated the limits of detection and lower limits of quantification for plasma were 2.06 log10 and 2.60 log10 copies/mL and those for viral transport medium were 2.31 log10 and 2.94 log10 copies/mL respectively. The precision of the in-house assay was highly reproducible among runs with coefficients of variance ranging from 0.07 to 3.21% for plasma and 0.17% to 2.11% for viral transport medium. A comparison of 52 matched samples showed an excellent correlation between the quantitative viral loads measured by the in-house assay and the RealStar® Adenovirus PCR Kit (R2 = 0.984), with an average bias of − 0.16 log10 copies/mL. Conclusions The in-house adenovirus assay is a sensitive and reliable assay with lower cost for the detection and quantification of adenoviral DNA when compared to the RealStar® Adenovirus PCR Kit. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12985-018-1059-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson S Y Wong
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cyril C Y Yip
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siddharth Sridhar
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kit-Hang Leung
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andrew K W Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ami M Y Fung
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho-Yin Lam
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Hung Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jasper F W Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Bone S F Tang
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China. .,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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