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Xu X, Qin L, Yan L. Changes of expression levels of serum cystatin C and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 in the treatment of patients with glomerulus nephritis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:1550-1556. [PMID: 32742386 PMCID: PMC7388255 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression levels and changes of serum cystatin C (C's C) and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sVEGFR1) in treatment of patients with glomerulus nephritis (GN) were investigated. The medical records of 88 patients with GN who were diagnosed in Weifang People's Hospital from March 2014 to June 2017 were collected, and their medical records were considered as a study group. The study group was divided into secondary glomerulonephritis (SGN) group (52 cases) and primary glomerulonephritis (PGN) group (36 cases). Physical examination data of 50 healthy volunteers who were examined in the same hospital during the same period were considered as a control group. The correlation between expression of serum C's C and expression of sVEGFR1 of patients with GN was compared. Expression levels of serum C's C and sVEGFR1 of patients before treatment in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). With the extension of the treatment cycle, C's C and sVEGFR1 expression levels in PGN and SGN groups reduced gradually (P<0.05). With the extension of the treatment cycle, the renal function indexes of the study group patients showed a downward trend (P<0.05). Expression of C's C was positively correlated with urea nitrogen and creatinine (P<0.05). In conclusion, C's C and sVEGFR1 are highly expressed in the serum of patients with GN. Expression of C's C and sVEGFR1 decrease as patients are treated. C's C and sVEGFR1 can be used as indicators for monitoring the condition of patients with GN. It is worthwhile to promote C's C and sVEGFR1 in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Xu
- Nephrology Department, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Lili Qin
- Nephrology Department, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Liping Yan
- Human Resources Department, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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Edinga-Melenge BE, Yakam AT, Nansseu JR, Bilong C, Belinga S, Minkala E, Noudjeu PA, Ondhoua M, Kokola SW, Ama Moor VJ, Ashuntantang G. Reference intervals for serum cystatin C and serum creatinine in an adult sub-Saharan African population. BMC Clin Pathol 2019; 19:4. [PMID: 30923459 PMCID: PMC6423796 DOI: 10.1186/s12907-019-0086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serum cystatin C (SCysC) and serum creatinine (SCr) are two biomarkers used in common practice to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). For SCysC and SCr to be used in a given population, normal values need to be determined to better assess patients. This study aimed to determine SCysC and SCr reference intervals (RIs) in a Cameroonian adult population and factors susceptible of influencing them. Methods We carried-out a cross-sectional study from November 2016 to May 2017 in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Participants were Cameroonians aged 18 years and above, residing inside the country and found in good health at study inclusion. SCysC and SCr were determined by particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay standardized against the ERM-DA471/IFCC reference material and by the IDMS reference modified Jaffe kinetic method, respectively. RIs were determined using the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles and their respective 90% confidence intervals (CIs). The quantile regression served to identify potential factors likely influencing SCysC and SCr values. Results We included 381 subjects comprising 49.1% females.. RIs for SCysC varied between 0.57 (90%CI: 0.50–0.60) and 1.03 mg/L (90%CI: 1.00–1.10) for females, and from 0.70 (90%CI: 0.60–0.70) to 1.10 mg/L (90%CI: 1.10–1.20) for males. Concerning SCr, its RIs ranged from 0.58 (90%CI: 0.54–0.61) to 1.08 mg/dL (90%CI: 1.02–1.21) for females, and from 0.74 (90%CI: 0.70–0.80) to 1.36 mg/dL (90%CI: 1.30–1.45) for males. Men had significantly higher SCysC and SCr values than women (p < 0.001). Likewise, subjects aged 50 years and above had higher SCysC values in comparison to younger age groups (p < 0.001), which was not the case for SCr values (p = 0.491). Moreover, there was a positive and significant correlation between SCysC and SCr in women (ρ = 0.55, p < 0.001), in men (ρ = 0.39, p < 0.001) and globally (ρ = 0.58; p < 0.001). Furthermore, the sex influenced both biomarkers’ values across all quantile regression models while age and body surface area (BSA) influenced them inconsistently. Conclusion This study has determined serum cystatin C and serum creatinine reference intervals in an adult Cameroonian population, whose interpretations might take into account the patient’s sex and to a certain extent, his/her age and/or BSA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12907-019-0086-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertille Elodie Edinga-Melenge
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,2Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Adrienne Tchapmi Yakam
- 3Ebebda District Hospital, Centre Regional Delegation, Ministry of Public Health, Ebebda, Cameroon
| | - Jobert Richie Nansseu
- 4Department for the Control of Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,5Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I, PO Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Catherine Bilong
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Suzanne Belinga
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Eric Minkala
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Michel Ondhoua
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Vicky Joceline Ama Moor
- 2Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,6Laboratory of Biochemistry, Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Gloria Ashuntantang
- 7Cardiology and Nephrology Unit, Yaoundé General Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,8Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Pottel H, Dubourg L, Goffin K, Delanaye P. Alternatives for the Bedside Schwartz Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate in Children. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2018; 25:57-66. [PMID: 29499888 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The bedside Schwartz equation has long been and still is the recommended equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in children. However, this equation is probably best suited to estimate GFR in children with chronic kidney disease (reduced GFR) but is not optimal for children with GFR >75 mL/min/1.73 m2. Moreover, the Schwartz equation requires the height of the child, information that is usually not available in the clinical laboratory. This makes automatic reporting of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) along with serum creatinine impossible. As the majority of children (even children referred to nephrology clinics) have GFR >75 mL/min/1.73 m2, it might be interesting to evaluate possible alternatives to the bedside Schwartz equation. The pediatric form of the Full Age Spectrum (FAS) equation offers an alternative to Schwartz, allowing automatic reporting of eGFR since height is not necessary. However, when height is involved in the FAS equation, the equation is essentially equal to the Schwartz equation for children, but there are large differences for adolescents. Combining standardized biomarkers increases the prediction performance of eGFR equations for children, reaching P10 ≈ 45% and P30 ≈ 90%. There are currently good and simple alternatives to the bedside Schwartz equation, but the more complex equations combining serum creatinine, serum cystatin C, and height show the highest accuracy and precision.
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Pottel H, Dubourg L, Schaeffner E, Eriksen BO, Melsom T, Lamb EJ, Rule AD, Turner ST, Glassock RJ, De Souza V, Selistre L, Goffin K, Pauwels S, Mariat C, Flamant M, Bevc S, Delanaye P, Ebert N. The diagnostic value of rescaled renal biomarkers serum creatinine and serum cystatin C and their relation with measured glomerular filtration rate. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 471:164-170. [PMID: 28601669 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum creatinine (Scr) is the major contributing variable in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimating equations. Serum cystatin C (ScysC) based GFR estimating (eGFR)-equations have also been developed. The present study investigates the relation between 'rescaled' levels of these renal biomarkers (with reference interval of [0.67-1.33]) and measured GFR (mGFR). METHODS We evaluated the diagnostic ability to detect impaired kidney function of the rescaled renal biomarkers in 8584 subjects from 12 cohorts with measured GFR, standardized Scr and ScysC. We calculated sensitivity and specificity of the rescaled biomarkers to identify kidney disease, with reference to a fixed (60mL/min/1.73m2) as well as an age-dependent threshold for mGFR. RESULTS The upper reference limit of 1.33 for rescaled renal biomarkers is closely related to the age-dependent threshold for defining kidney status by mGFR with sensitivity and specificity for the rescaled biomarkers close to 90% for all ages. If the fixed threshold of 60mL/min/1.73m2 for mGFR is used, then lower specificity in children and sensitivity in older adults are observed. CONCLUSIONS Impaired kidney function can be diagnosed by rescaled renal biomarkers instead of eGFR-equations using the fixed threshold of 1.33 for all ages, consistent with an age-dependent threshold of mGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Pottel
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium.
| | - Laurence Dubourg
- Exploration Fonctionnelle Rénale, Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Elke Schaeffner
- Charité University Hospital, Institute of Public Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bjørn Odvar Eriksen
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Toralf Melsom
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Edmund J Lamb
- Clinical Biochemistry, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Canterbury, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Rule
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stephen T Turner
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Vandréa De Souza
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Brazil
| | - Luciano Selistre
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Karolien Goffin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven Pauwels
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Mariat
- Service de Néphrologie, Dialyse et Transplantation Rénale, Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Martin Flamant
- Department of Renal Physiology, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP and Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Sebastjan Bevc
- University Medical Centre Maribor, Clinic for Internal Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Pierre Delanaye
- Nephrology-Dialysis-Transplantation, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Natalie Ebert
- Charité University Hospital, Institute of Public Health, Berlin, Germany
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