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Shan SW, Do CW, Lam TC, Li HL, Stamer WD, To CH. Thrombospondin-1 mediates Rho-kinase inhibitor-induced increase in outflow-facility. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:8226-8238. [PMID: 34180057 PMCID: PMC9292191 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rho‐kinase (ROCK) inhibitors, a novel class of anti‐glaucoma agents, act by increasing the aqueous humor outflow through the conventional trabecular meshwork pathway. However, the downstream signaling consequences of the ROCK inhibitor are not completely understood. Our data show that Y39983, a selective ROCK inhibitor, could induce filamentous actin remodeling, reduced cell motility (as measured by cell migration), and transepithelial resistance in primary human TM (hTM) cells. After 2 days Y39983 treatment of hTM cells, a proteomic study identified 20 proteins whose expression was significantly altered. Pathway analysis of those proteins revealed the involvement of the p53 pathway, integrin signaling pathway, and cytoskeletal pathway regulation by Rho GTPase. Thrombospondin‐1 (TSP1), a matricellular protein that is increased in glaucoma patients, was downregulated fivefold following Y39983 treatment. More importantly, both TSP1 antagonist leucine–serine–lysine–leucine (LSKL) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) reduced TSP1 gene and protein expressions as well as hTM cell migration. In the presence of Y39983, no further inhibition of cell migration resulted after LSKL and TSP1 siRNA knockdown. Likewise, LSKL triggered a dose‐dependent increase in outflow facility in ex vivo mouse eyes, to a similar extent as Y39983 (83.8% increase by Y39983 vs. 71.2% increase by LSKL at 50 µM). There were no additive effects with simultaneous treatment with LSKL and Y39983, supporting the notion that the effects of ROCK inhibition were mediated by TSP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze-Wan Shan
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Wai Do
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas Chuen Lam
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong, China.,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hoi-Lam Li
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - W Daniel Stamer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chi-Ho To
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong, China
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