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Chua AWC, Guo D, Tan JC, Lim FTW, Ong CT, Masilamani J, Lim TKH, Hwang WYK, Lim IJ, Chen J, Phan TT, Fan X. Intraperitoneally Delivered Umbilical Cord Lining Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Improve Survival and Kidney Function in Murine Lupus via Myeloid Pathway Targeting. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010365. [PMID: 36613807 PMCID: PMC9820333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the therapeutic efficacy of human umbilical cord lining mesenchymal stromal cells (CL-MSCs) (US Patent number 9,737,568) in lupus-prone MRL/lpr (Faslpr) mice and elucidate its working mechanisms. A total of 4 doses of (20-25) × 106 cells/kg of CL-MSCs was given to 16-week-old female Faslpr mice by intraperitoneal injection. Three subsequent doses were given on 17 weeks, 18 weeks, and 22 weeks, respectively. Six-week-old Faslpr mice were used as disease pre-onset controls. Mice were monitored for 10 weeks. Mouse kidney function was evaluated by examining complement component 3 (C3) deposition, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), and lupus nephritis (LN) activity and chronicity. Working mechanisms were elucidated by flow cytometry, Luminex/ELISA (detection of anti-dsDNA and isotype antibodies), and RNA sequencing. CL-MSCs improved mice survival and kidney function by reducing LN activity and chronicity and lymphocyte infiltration over 10 weeks. CL-MSCs also reduced urinary ACR, renal complement C3 deposition, anti-dsDNA, and isotype antibodies that include IgA, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgM. Immune and cytokine profiling demonstrated that CL-MSCs dampened inflammation by suppressing splenic neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages, reducing plasma IL-6, IL-12, and CXCL1 and stabilizing plasma interferon-γ and TNF-α. RNA sequencing further showed that CL-MSCs mediated immunomodulation via concerted action of pro-proinflammatory cytokine-induced chemokines and production of nitric oxide in macrophages. CL-MSCs may provide a novel myeloid (neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages)-targeting therapy for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Wen Choong Chua
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Dianyang Guo
- Department of Clinical Translational Research, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Jia Chi Tan
- Single-Cell Computational Immunology, Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Frances Ting Wei Lim
- Department of Clinical Translational Research, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Chee Tian Ong
- CellResearch Corporation Pte Ltd., Singapore 048943, Singapore
| | | | - Tony Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - William Ying Khee Hwang
- Department of Hematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Ivor Jiun Lim
- CellResearch Corporation Pte Ltd., Singapore 048943, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Single-Cell Computational Immunology, Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Toan Thang Phan
- CellResearch Corporation Pte Ltd., Singapore 048943, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Correspondence: (T.T.P.); (X.F.); Tel.: +65-6444-9968 (T.T.P.); +65-9101-6288 (X.F.); Fax: +65-6220-3321 (T.T.P.); +65-6221-5142 (X.F.)
| | - Xiubo Fan
- Department of Clinical Translational Research, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Correspondence: (T.T.P.); (X.F.); Tel.: +65-6444-9968 (T.T.P.); +65-9101-6288 (X.F.); Fax: +65-6220-3321 (T.T.P.); +65-6221-5142 (X.F.)
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Elia E, Brownell D, Chabaud S, Bolduc S. Tissue Engineering for Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Tracts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010009. [PMID: 36613452 PMCID: PMC9820091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts share several similarities. Primarily, these tissues are composed of hollow structures lined by an epithelium through which materials need to flow with the help of peristalsis brought by muscle contraction. In the case of the gastrointestinal tract, solid or liquid food must circulate to be digested and absorbed and the waste products eliminated. In the case of the urinary tract, the urine produced by the kidneys must flow to the bladder, where it is stored until its elimination from the body. Finally, in the case of the vagina, it must allow the evacuation of blood during menstruation, accommodate the male sexual organ during coitus, and is the natural way to birth a child. The present review describes the anatomy, pathologies, and treatments of such organs, emphasizing tissue engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Elia
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - David Brownell
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-525-4444 (ext. 42282)
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Caneparo C, Sorroza-Martinez L, Chabaud S, Fradette J, Bolduc S. Considerations for the clinical use of stem cells in genitourinary regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1480-1512. [PMID: 34786154 PMCID: PMC8567446 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i10.1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The genitourinary tract can be affected by several pathologies which require repair or replacement to recover biological functions. Current therapeutic strategies are challenged by a growing shortage of adequate tissues. Therefore, new options must be considered for the treatment of patients, with the use of stem cells (SCs) being attractive. Two different strategies can be derived from stem cell use: Cell therapy and tissue therapy, mainly through tissue engineering. The recent advances using these approaches are described in this review, with a focus on stromal/mesenchymal cells found in adipose tissue. Indeed, the accessibility, high yield at harvest as well as anti-fibrotic, immunomodulatory and proangiogenic properties make adipose-derived stromal/SCs promising alternatives to the therapies currently offered to patients. Finally, an innovative technique allowing tissue reconstruction without exogenous material, the self-assembly approach, will be presented. Despite advances, more studies are needed to translate such approaches from the bench to clinics in urology. For the 21st century, cell and tissue therapies based on SCs are certainly the future of genitourinary regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Caneparo
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec G1J1Z4, Canada
| | - Luis Sorroza-Martinez
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec G1J1Z4, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec G1J1Z4, Canada
| | - Julie Fradette
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec G1J1Z4, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec G1J1Z4, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec G1V0A6, Canada
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Zhang F, Zhang D, Cheng K, Zhou Z, Liu S, Chen L, Hu Y, Mao C, Liu S. Spontaneous evolution of human skin fibroblasts into wound-healing keratinocyte-like cells. Theranostics 2019; 9:5200-5213. [PMID: 31410210 PMCID: PMC6691578 DOI: 10.7150/thno.31526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Producing keratinocyte cells (KCs) in large scale is difficult due to their slow proliferation, disabling their use as seed cells for skin regeneration and wound healing. Cell reprogramming is a promising inducer-based approach to KC production but only reaches very low cellular conversion. Here we reported a unique cellular conversion phenomenon, where human skin fibroblasts (FBs) were spontaneously converted into keratinocyte-like cells (KLCs) over the time without using any inducers. Methods: FBs were routinely cultured for more than 120 days in regular culture medium. Characteristics of KLCs were checked at the molecular and cellular level. Then the functionality and safety of the KLCs were verified by wound healing and tumorigenicity assay, respectively. To identify the mechanism of the cell conversion phenomenon, high-throughput RNA sequencing was also performed. Results: The global conversion started on day 90 and reached 90% on day 110. The KLCs were as functional and effective as KCs in wound healing without causing oncogenicity. The conversion was regulated via a PI3K-AKT signaling pathway mediated by a long non-coding RNA, LINC00672. Modulating the pathway could shorten the conversion time to 14 days. Conclusion: The discovered FBs-KLCs conversion in the study might open a new avenue to the scalable production of cell sources needed for regenerating skins and healing large-area wounds.
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Dos Santos JF, Borçari NR, da Silva Araújo M, Nunes VA. Mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into keratinocytes and express epidermal kallikreins: Towards an in vitro model of human epidermis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13141-13155. [PMID: 30891818 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal differentiation is a complex process in which keratinocytes go through morphological and biochemical changes in approximately 15 to 30 days. Abnormal keratinocyte differentiation is involved in the pathophysiology of several skin diseases. In this scenario, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) emerge as a promising approach to study skin biology in both normal and pathological conditions. Herein, we have studied the differentiation of MSC from umbilical cord into keratinocytes. MSC were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) (proliferation medium) and, after characterization, differentiation was induced by culturing cells in a defined keratinocyte serum-free medium (KSFM) supplemented with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and calcium chloride ions. Cells cultivated in DMEM were used as control. Cultures were evaluated from day 1 to 23, based on the cell morphology, the expression of p63, involucrin and cytokeratins (KRTs) KRT5, KRT10 and KRT14, by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis or immunofluorescence, and by the detection of epidermal kallikreins activity. In cells grown in keratinocyte serum-free medium with EGF and 1.8 mM calcium, KRT5 and KRT14 expression was shown at the first day, followed by the expression of p63 at the seventh day. KRT10 expression was detected from day seventh while involucrin was observed after this period. Data showed higher kallikrein (KLK) activity in KSFM-cultured cells from day 11th in comparison to control. These data indicate that MSC differentiated into keratinocytes similarly to that occurs in the human epidermis. KLK activity detection appears to be a good methodology for the monitoring the differentiation of MSC into the keratinocyte lineage, providing useful tools for the better understanding of the skin biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeniffer Farias Dos Santos
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathália Ruder Borçari
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Viviane Abreu Nunes
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Chabaud S, Simard M, Gendreau I, Pouliot R, Bolduc S. Origin of Serum Affects Quality of Engineered Tissues Produced by the Self-Assembly Approach. SCIENTIFICA 2016; 2016:3825645. [PMID: 27293972 PMCID: PMC4884804 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3825645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the emergence of serum-free media for cell culture, the use of serum to supplement the culture media is still essential in order to produce engineered urologic tissues using the self-assembly approach, not only for the stromal compartment but also for the uroepithelium. Effects of sera on thickness of these two compartments were measured and quality of the epithelial differentiation was evaluated. For bladder mucosa substitute reconstruction, the use of postnatal sera failed to produce an adequate uroepithelium whereas the fetal sera supplementation did. Postnatal sera also provided thinner stromal compartments than the one obtained using fetal sera, no matter if the fibroblasts from healthy or psoriatic donors were used to reconstruct human skin substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4
| | - Melissa Simard
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4
| | - Isabelle Gendreau
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4
| | - Roxane Pouliot
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre LOEX de l'Université Laval, Génie Tissulaire et Régénération, Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4
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Potential of Newborn and Adult Stem Cells for the Production of Vascular Constructs Using the Living Tissue Sheet Approach. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:168294. [PMID: 26504783 PMCID: PMC4609342 DOI: 10.1155/2015/168294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bypass surgeries using native vessels rely on the availability of autologous veins and arteries. An alternative to those vessels could be tissue-engineered vascular constructs made by self-organized tissue sheets. This paper intends to evaluate the potential use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from two different sources: (1) bone marrow-derived MSCs and (2) umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs. When cultured in vitro, a proportion of those cells differentiated into smooth muscle cell- (SMC-) like cells and expressed contraction associated proteins. Moreover, these cells assembled into manipulable tissue sheets when cultured in presence of ascorbic acid. Tubular vessels were then produced by rolling those tissue sheets on a mandrel. The architecture, contractility, and mechanical resistance of reconstructed vessels were compared with tissue-engineered media and adventitia produced from SMCs and dermal fibroblasts, respectively. Histology revealed a collagenous extracellular matrix and the contractile responses measured for these vessels were stronger than dermal fibroblasts derived constructs although weaker than SMCs-derived constructs. The burst pressure of bone marrow-derived vessels was higher than SMCs-derived ones. These results reinforce the versatility of the self-organization approach since they demonstrate that it is possible to recapitulate a contractile media layer from MSCs without the need of exogenous scaffolding material.
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