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Takeuchi R, Nomura T, Yaguchi M, Taguchi C, Suzuki I, Suzuki H, Matsumoto H, Okada Y, Arikawa K, Nomoto T, Hiratsuka K. 18‑α‑glycyrrhetinic acid induces apoptosis in gingival fibroblasts exposed to phenytoin. Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:297. [PMID: 38868612 PMCID: PMC11168035 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenytoin (PHT)-induced gingival overgrowth is caused by the increased proliferation and reduced apoptosis of gingival fibroblasts in inflammatory gingiva. Licorice has long been used as a component of therapeutic preparations. It inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell apoptosis and has anti-inflammatory effects. 18-α-glycyrrhetinic acid (18α-GA), the active compound in licorice, promotes apoptosis in various types of cells. The present study determined whether 18α-GA affects apoptosis in gingival fibroblasts exposed to PHT. The present study aimed to establish a basis for the therapeutic application of 18α-GA to treat the gingival overgrowth induced by PHT. Human gingival fibroblasts from healthy donors were cultured to semi-confluence and then stimulated in serum-free DMEM containing PHT with or without 18α-GA for subsequent experiments. Apoptotic cells were detected by ELISA. Analysis of the distribution of cell cycle phases and the apoptotic cell population was performed by flow cytometry. The expression levels of mRNAs and proteins of apoptotic regulators were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. Caspase (CASP) activities were assessed by an ELISA. Treatment with 18α-GA markedly increased the number of apoptotic cells, reduced BCL2 mRNA expression, increased CASP2 and receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) domain containing adaptor with death domain, Fas (TNFRSF6)-associated via death domain, RIPK1, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily; member 1A, TNF receptor-associated factor 2, CASP2, CASP3 and CASP9 mRNA expression, and also upregulated the protein expression levels and activities of caspase-2, caspase-3 and caspase-9. These results demonstrated that 18α-GA induced apoptosis through the activation of the Fas and TNF pathways in the death receptor signaling pathway in gingival fibroblasts treated with PHT. 18α-GA exhibited therapeutic potential for the treatment of PHT-induced gingival overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiri Takeuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nomura
- Department of Special Needs Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
- Department of Special Needs Dentistry, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Manabu Yaguchi
- Department of Special Needs Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Chieko Taguchi
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Itaru Suzuki
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Haruka Suzuki
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Hiroko Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Okada
- Department of Histology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Kazumune Arikawa
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Takato Nomoto
- Department of Special Needs Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Koichi Hiratsuka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
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Sawamura H, Koyasu S, Sugimoto A, Fujimura S, Nakamoto Y. Gingival Hyperplasia Masquerading as Tumor Lesion, Possibly Linked to Amlodipine Use. Clin Nucl Med 2024:00003072-990000000-01170. [PMID: 38914084 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000005322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT A 70-year-old woman under amlodipine treatment for hypertension presented with a hemorrhagic mass in the mandibular gingiva. Imaging studies revealed high signal intensity in T2-weighted MRI and moderate 18F-FDG accumulation at the lesion's periphery. Although no malignancy was detected, the lesion continuously grew, prompting excision. Histopathological examination confirmed gingival hyperplasia attributed to amlodipine use. Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia typically presents as diffuse swelling; however, this lesion manifested as a polyp, posing diagnostic challenges. Reports on imaging findings for drug-induced gingival hyperplasia are limited. Understanding imaging patterns alongside clinical history aids in accurate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sho Koyasu
- From the Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sugimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shintaro Fujimura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- From the Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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MORITA S, MOCHIZUKI Y, MATSUMOTO I, HORII A, OHMORI T, HIRAO D, HASEGAWA H, YOSHIMURA A, BABA T, SUZUKI S, FUKUSHIMA R. Use of amlodipine in the treatment of cats with systemic hypertension in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:533-541. [PMID: 38569838 PMCID: PMC11144541 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
An increase in systemic blood pressure causes bleeding and ischemia owing to peripheral vascular breakdown, leading to various forms of organ damage. The brain, eyes, kidneys, and cardiovascular system are known target organs for hypertension. To our knowledge, no reports in Japan describe, in detail, the types of antihypertensive drugs used to treat hypertension in cats or its underlying causes. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the use of antihypertensive drugs in domestic cats with hypertension in Japan, the causes of hypertension, and the vital prognosis of these patients. In the present survey, we found that amlodipine was used alone (60/80 cats) or concomitantly (20/80 cats) in all cat patients with hypertension in Japan. We also determined that blood pressure measurements were not yet routinely performed on cats at veterinary clinics in Japan. Furthermore, we have new information suggesting that amlodipine administration in cats with hypertension, which lowers systolic arterial pressure levels to within the normal range (<140 mmHg), may have a negative impact on their survival. Routine blood pressure measurements for cats during their regular health checkups can help identify hypertension, and proper interpretation of blood pressure readings can facilitate suitable treatment measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei MORITA
- Animal Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youhei MOCHIZUKI
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, Japan
| | - Itsuki MATSUMOTO
- Animal Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi HORII
- Animal Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro OHMORI
- Animal Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki HIRAO
- Animal Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi HASEGAWA
- Animal Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aritada YOSHIMURA
- Animal Medical Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Hospital Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shuji SUZUKI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgeon, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji FUKUSHIMA
- Animal Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Balaji A, Jennifer W, Mohanasatheesh S, Hema D, Dheeraj S, Menon N. The Unilateral Enigma: An Oral-contraceptive Related Gingival Enlargement. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1490-S1493. [PMID: 38882847 PMCID: PMC11174280 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1107_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This article's goal is to describe a case of oral contraceptives-related drug-induced gingival hypertrophy that was treated with nonsurgical and surgical periodontal therapy. The most prevalent negative side effect of systemic medicine on the periodontal tissues continues to be drug-induced gingival overgrowth. Specific regulatory molecules known as hormones control a variety of bodily processes. Gingival hypertrophies are sometimes linked to oral contraceptives that contain oestrogen and/or progesterone. A 32-year-old female presented with a complaint of swelling of the gingiva with spontaneous bleeding in the maxillary right quadrant region for a period of two months. The medical history documented the use of contraceptives for three months, and a clinical examination revealed the existence of poor oral hygiene and enlarged painful gingival tissues that bled when touched. Intraoral examination revealed that there was unilateral, generalized, diffuse gingival enlargement with pseudo pockets. Patient was diagnosed with gingival fibromatosis a based on the clinical, histological, and radiographic findings. The gingival enlargement was treated by conventional gingivectomy under local anaesthesia. The postoperative result was uneventful. Women who use oral contraceptives are a "risk group" for periodontal infections. On oral contraceptives, not every female reacts the same way. In periodontal therapy, plaque management is the most crucial step. Patient compliance is another element that affects a therapy's response. The patient demonstrated appropriate oral hygiene practices and adhered to home care guidelines adequately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitha Balaji
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - W Jennifer
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Mohanasatheesh
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Hema
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Dheeraj
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nivedha Menon
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sun S, Pan Y, Zhang J, Jiang Y. Nifedipine-Influenced Enlargement of the Masticatory Mucosa in an Elderly Edentulous Patient: A Rare Case Report with a Two-Year Follow-Up. Case Rep Dent 2024; 2024:6889574. [PMID: 38576511 PMCID: PMC10994707 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6889574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-influenced gingival enlargement is a common side effect associated with certain medications, particularly calcium channel blockers like nifedipine, which has been extensively documented. However, the occurrence of nifedipine-influenced masticatory mucosa overgrowth in edentulous patients is rare. Here, we present a case of nifedipine-influenced mucosal enlargement persisting in a 67-year-old edentulous patient 3 months after the extraction of all his teeth. The patient underwent flap surgery and alveoloplasty to excise the overgrown tissue, followed by complete denture restoration. The antihypertensive medication was replaced with valsartan. A 2-year follow-up revealed no recurrence of overgrowth, indicating the effectiveness of this management strategy for such clinical situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoufu Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Yufan Pan
- Xianxia Community Care Center, 140 Furong River Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Jichun Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Yunan Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
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Victory Rodríguez G, Ruiz Gutiérrez ADC, Gómez Sandoval JR, Lomelí Martínez SM. Gingival enlargement induced by cyclosporine in Medullary aplasia: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:12750-12760. [PMID: 36579122 PMCID: PMC9791507 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i34.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive agent used effectively for treatment of a rare haematological disorder known as medullary aplasia. This drug prevents several side effects, including gingival enlargement (GE) which compromises aesthetics, phonetics and chewing, and also predisposes patients to periodontitis.
CASE SUMMARY This clinical case reports a 41-year-old woman who presented with cyclosporine-induced GE with underlying periodontitis and medullary aplasia. The management of the disease was approached through multidisciplinary strategy which allowed for accurate diagnosis and a strategic treatment based on the systemic condition and severity of oral pathology. The diagnosis was confirmed through histopathological analysis. The treatment was carried out in phases: Initial (oral hygiene motivation, mechanical supragingival plaque control, and non-surgical therapy); systemic treatment, corrective treatment, and maintenance.
CONCLUSION Multidisciplinary management of cyclosporine-induced GE and medullary aplasia allows for correct diagnosis and effective treatment of this pathological expression through a phased therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Victory Rodríguez
- Periodontics Program, Department of Integrated Dentistry Clinics, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Alondra del Carmen Ruiz Gutiérrez
- Periodontics Program, Department of Integrated Dentistry Clinics, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Juan Ramón Gómez Sandoval
- Research Institute of Dentistry, Department of Integrated Dentistry Clinics, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco , Mexico
| | - Sarah Monserrat Lomelí Martínez
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, Mexico
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7
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Treatment of Gingival Growth Due to Amlodipine Use With a 445-nm Diode Laser: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e32592. [PMID: 36660514 PMCID: PMC9845510 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Amlodipine is a widely used calcium channel blocker associated with gingival enlargement. The effects of amlodipine on gingival enlargement vary depending on the duration of drug use and the dose of the active substance. This report presents a 56-year-old male hypertensive patient who had been using amlodipine (5 mg/day orally, single dose) for the last two years. He presented with diffuse gingival enlargement, complaining of gingival swelling and bleeding. This case report demonstrates the treatment of gingival enlargement with a novel 445-nanometer (nm) blue light diode laser after drug change and oral hygiene, which resulted in permanent and satisfactory clinical results.
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8
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Bhandari S, Siwakoti S, Shrestha S, Gautam K, Bhandari S. Drug-Induced Gum Overgrowth With Low-Dose Amlodipine: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e25220. [PMID: 35755542 PMCID: PMC9217670 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced gingival overgrowth is an adverse effect of certain drugs, including amlodipine, in genetically susceptible individuals. Although the exact mechanism of gingival hypertrophy remains unclear, a unifying multifactorial hypothesis has been constructed. Gingival hypertrophy causes difficulty in speech and mastication, poor oral hygiene, and poor aesthetic appearance. Here, we present the case of a 49-year-old woman who developed gum hypertrophy following amlodipine use for two years. Maintenance of oral hygiene and substitution of offending agent is commonly the first step in management.
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A Suggested Approach of Managing Excessive Maxillary Gingival Display in Terminal Dentition. Case Rep Dent 2020; 2020:6975275. [PMID: 33274082 PMCID: PMC7695486 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6975275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to report a suggested approach for the management of excessive maxillary gingival display with terminal dentition. A segmental osteotomy of the maxillary process was performed, and the latter used as grafting material for lateral sinus augmentation that was performed simultaneously. Following the graft maturation period, implants were inserted and rehabilitated with a fixed dentogingival prosthesis. Consequently, the mandible was prosthetically restored following the new occlusal plane dictated by the rehabilitated maxilla. Clinically, the procedure showed a drastic improvement in the patient's appearance, eliminating the excessive gingival display. Radiologically, it led to a vertical translation of the maxillary process level in an apical direction. Nevertheless, the resected process used as grafting material was noticed to have a suboptimal behavior as long as it showed increased intrasinusal resorption, barely sufficient for a regular implant accommodation. The described therapy concept seems to be a plausible approach when it comes to manage excessive maxillary gingival displays in edentulous patients or those presenting a terminal dentition. However, at the time of sinus augmentation, authors recommend to graft a mixture of resected maxillary process and a bone substitute material, in order to get more stable results.
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10
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miR-4651 inhibits cell proliferation of gingival mesenchymal stem cells by inhibiting HMGA2 under nifedipine treatment. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12:10. [PMID: 32231210 PMCID: PMC7105500 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-020-0076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) is recognized as a side effect of nifedipine (NIF); however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we found that overexpressed miR-4651 inhibits cell proliferation and induces G0/G1-phase arrest in gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) with or without NIF treatment. Furthermore, sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS) analysis, bioinformatics analysis, and dual-luciferase report assay results confirmed that high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) is the downstream target gene of miR-4651. Overexpression of HMGA2 enhanced GMSC proliferation and accelerated the cell cycle with or without NIF treatment. The present study demonstrates that miR-4651 inhibits the proliferation of GMSCs and arrests the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase by upregulating cyclin D and CDK2 while downregulating cyclin E through inhibition of HMGA2 under NIF stimulation. These findings reveal a novel mechanism regulating DIGO progression and suggest the potential of miR-4651 and HMGA2 as therapeutic targets.
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Han X, Yang H, Cao Y, Ge L, Han N, Zhang C, Fan Z, Yao R. The miR-3940-5p inhibits cell proliferation of gingival mesenchymal stem cells. Oral Dis 2019; 25:1363-1373. [PMID: 30908814 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) is a well-recognized side effect of nifedipine (NIF). However, the molecular mechanisms of DIGO are still unknown. Here, we explored the possible role of miR-3940-5p in DIGO using NIF-treated gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). MATERIAL AND METHODS CFSE and cell cycle assays were used to examine cell proliferation. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, Alizarin Red staining, quantitative calcium analysis, and osteogenesis-related gene expression were used to examine osteo/dentinogenic differentiation. RESULTS The CFSE assay showed that NIF enhanced cell proliferation, and the over-expression of miR-3940-5p inhibited the proliferation of GMSCs with or without NIF stimulation. Cell cycle assays revealed that the cell cycle was arrested at the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, it was found that the over-expression of miR-3940-5p upregulated p15INK4b , p18INK4c , p19INK4d , and Cyclin A and downregulated Cyclin E in GMSCs with or without NIF treatment. In addition, the over-expression of miR-3940-5p enhanced ALP activity and mineralization in vitro and increased the expression of the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation markers DSPP and DMP1 and the key transcription factor DLX5 in GMSCs. CONCLUSIONS miR-3940-5p inhibited cell proliferation, enhanced the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation of GMSCs, and might play a role in DIGO as a potent agent in the treatment of nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haoqing Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Ge
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Han
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tianjin Stomatology Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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12
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Takeuchi R, Matsumoto H, Arikawa K, Taguchi C, Nakayama R, Nasu I, Hiratsuka K. Phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth caused by death receptor pathway malfunction. Oral Dis 2017; 23:653-659. [PMID: 28160766 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated the role of phenytoin (PHT) in death receptor-induced apoptosis of gingival fibroblasts to clarify the mechanism of PHT-induced gingival overgrowth. METHODS Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured to semiconfluence and treated with PHT (0.025, 0.1, 0.25, and 1.0 μM) for 48 h, and then, the apoptotic cell numbers were relatively determined by absorptiometry. After 24 h of 0.25 μM PHT treatment, caspase activity was measured by absorptiometry, apoptotic and cell cycle phase distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry, expression levels of apoptotic genes were quantified by real-time qPCR, and expression of apoptotic proteins was detected by Western blot analysis. After 48 h of 0.25 μM PHT treatment, appearance of apoptotic cells was detected by TUNEL assay. RESULTS PHT treatment decreased the proportion of apoptotic cells in gingival fibroblasts compared to a serum-free control culture in response to the protein changes as follows: PHT upregulated c-FLIP and, in turn, downregulated FADD, caspase-8, and caspase-3; PHT upregulated c-IAP2 and downregulated TRAF2; PHT downregulated caspase-9 and caspase-3 via decreased RIPK1 activity and increased Bcl-2 activity. CONCLUSION PHT-induced gingival overgrowth may result from the above-mentioned mechanisms involving apoptosis inhibition in gingival fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Takeuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Arikawa
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - C Taguchi
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - R Nakayama
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - I Nasu
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Hiratsuka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
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Yingzhu K, Shujuan G, Chengcheng L, Yi D. [Research progression of the relationship between integrin α2β1 and drug-induced gingival overgrowth]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2017; 35:99-103. [PMID: 28326736 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) is characterized by fibrous gingival hyperplasia and increased gingival volume. DIGO is histologically associated with proliferation of cells and deposition of extracellular matrices, particularly collagen. Integrin α2β1 is related to collagen phagocytosis and involved in the occurrence and progression of DIGO. This paper reviews the progress of research on the relationship between integrin α2β1 and DIGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yingzhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guo Shujuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liu Chengcheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ding Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Sibaud V, Vigarios E, Tavitian S, Cougoul P, de Bataille C, Campana F, Fricain JC. [Gingival enlargement: Practical management]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016; 143:467-81. [PMID: 27259395 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Sibaud
- Oncodermatologie, consultation pluridisciplinaire de pathologies de la muqueuse buccale, institut Claudius-Regaud, institut universitaire du cancer, Toulouse oncopole, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - E Vigarios
- Médecine bucco-dentaire, consultation pluridisciplinaire de pathologies de la muqueuse buccale, institut Claudius-Regaud, institut universitaire du cancer, Toulouse oncopole, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France; UFR d'odontologie, 3, rue des Maraîchers, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - S Tavitian
- Hématologie, institut universitaire du cancer, Toulouse oncopole, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - P Cougoul
- Médecine interne, institut universitaire du cancer, Toulouse oncopole, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - C de Bataille
- Médecine bucco-dentaire, consultation pluridisciplinaire de pathologies de la muqueuse buccale, institut Claudius-Regaud, institut universitaire du cancer, Toulouse oncopole, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France; UFR d'odontologie, 3, rue des Maraîchers, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - F Campana
- Chirurgie orale, centre Massilien de la face, 24, avenue du Prado, 13006 Marseille, France
| | - J-C Fricain
- Chirurgie orale, consultation pluridisciplinaire de pathologies de la muqueuse buccale, hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, place Amélie-Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France; UFR d'odontologie, 16-20, cours de la Marne, 33082 Bordeaux cedex, France
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Takeuchi R, Hiratsuka K, Arikawa K, Ono M, Komiya M, Akimoto Y, Fujii A, Matsumoto H. Possible pharmacotherapy for nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth: 18α-glycyrrhetinic acid inhibits human gingival fibroblast growth. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:913-24. [PMID: 26676684 PMCID: PMC4761096 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This investigation aimed to establish the basis of a pharmacotherapy for nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth. Gingival overgrowth has been attributed to the enhanced growth of gingival fibroblasts. In this study, we investigated the effects of 18-α-glycyrrhetinic acid (18α-GA) on growth, the cell cycle, and apoptosis and on the regulators of these processes in gingival fibroblasts isolated from patients who presented with nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Gingival fibroblasts were cultured in medium containing 1% FBS with/without 10 μM 18α-GA for 24 or 48 h, and the cell number, cell cycle phase distribution, relative DNA content, apoptotic cell number and morphological characteristics of the cells undergoing apoptosis were measured together with the levels of proteins that regulate these processes and the level of caspase activity. KEY RESULTS 18α-GA significantly decreased cell numbers and significantly increased the percentage of cells in the sub-G1 and G0 /G1 phases of the cell cycle and the number of apoptotic cells. Nuclear condensation and fragmentation of cells into small apoptotic bodies appeared in the fibroblasts treated with 18α-GA. In addition, 18α-GA significantly decreased the protein levels of cyclins A and D1, CDKs 2 and 6, phosphorylated Rb (ser(780) and ser(807/811)), Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 and increased the protein levels of p27, cytosolic cytochrome c, pro-caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3 and the activities of caspases 3 and 9. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS 18α-GA inhibited gingival fibroblast growth by suppressing the G1 /S phase transition and inducing apoptosis. In conclusion, 18α-GA may be used as a pharmacotherapy for nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Takeuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Hiratsuka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Arikawa
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Ono
- Department of Oral Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Komiya
- Department of Oral Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Akimoto
- Department of Oral Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - A Fujii
- Nihon University, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
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Mize TW, Sundararaj KP, Leite RS, Huang Y. Increased and correlated expression of connective tissue growth factor and transforming growth factor beta 1 in surgically removed periodontal tissues with chronic periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:315-9. [PMID: 25040058 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Both gingival tissue destruction and regeneration are associated with chronic periodontitis, although the former overwhelms the latter. Studies have shown that transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), a growth factor largely involved in tissue regeneration and remodeling, is upregulated in chronic periodontitis. However, the gingival expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF or CCN2), a TGF-β1-upregulated gene, in patients with periodontitis remains undetermined. Although both CTGF/CCN2 and TGF-b1 increase the production of extracellular matrix, they have many different biological functions. Therefore, it is important to delineate the impact of periodontitis on gingival CTGF/CCN2 expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS Periodontal tissue specimens were collected from seven individuals without periodontitis (group 1) and from 14 with periodontitis (group 2). The expression of CTGF and TGFβ1 mRNAs were quantified using real-time PCR. RESULTS Analysis using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test showed that the levels of expression of both CTGF/CCN2 and TGFβ1 mRNAs were significantly increased in individuals with periodontitis compared with individuals without periodontitis. Furthermore, analysis using a nonparametric correlation (Spearman r) test showed a positive correlation between TGFβ1 and CTGF/CCN2 mRNAs. CONCLUSION The gingival expression levels of CTGF/CCN2 and TGFβ1 mRNAs in individuals with periodontitis are upregulated and correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Mize
- Division of Periodontics, James B. Edwards College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Breitwieser GE. Pharmacoperones and the calcium sensing receptor: exogenous and endogenous regulators. Pharmacol Res 2013; 83:30-7. [PMID: 24291533 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) mutations or altered expression cause disorders of calcium handling. Recent studies suggest that reduced targeting to the plasma membrane is a feature common to many CaSR loss-of-function mutations. Allosteric agonists (calcimimetics) can rescue signaling of a subset of CaSR mutants. This review evaluates our current understanding of the subcellular site(s) for allosteric modulator rescue of CaSR mutants. Studies to date make a strong case for calcimimetic potentiation of signaling not only at plasma membrane-localized CaSR, but at the endoplasmic reticulum, acting as pharmacoperones to assist in navigation of multiple quality control checkpoints. The possible role of endogenous pharmacoperones, calcium and glutathione, in folding and stabilization of the CaSR extracellular and transmembrane domains are considered. Finally, the possibility that dihydropyridines act as unintended pharmacoperones of CaSR is proposed. While our understanding of pharmacoperone rescue of CaSR requires refinement, promising results to date argue that this may be a fruitful avenue for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerda E Breitwieser
- Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Clinic, 100N. Academy Avenue, Danville PA 17822-2604, USA.
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Takeuchi R, Matsumoto H, Akimoto Y, Fujii A. Inhibition of G₁ cell cycle arrest in human gingival fibroblasts exposed to phenytoin. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2012; 28:114-9. [PMID: 22888954 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2012.01065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gingival overgrowth is caused in response to the antiepileptic drug phenytoin (PHT). PHT-induced gingival overgrowth is characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts and increased collagen formation in gingiva. Fibroblast proliferation is regulated through the cell cycle. Thus, in the present study, we examined the effects of PHT on the cell cycle, the expression of cell cycle control proteins and the proliferation in human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). Cells were stimulated in serum-free DMEM with or without 0.25 μm PHT. Subsequently, the cell cycle phase distribution and the protein expression after 24 h and the cell proliferation after 24, 48 and 72 h were evaluated. PHT significantly inhibited synchronization at the G₀/G₁ phase of the cell cycle in hGFs through serum starvation. Stimulation with PHT for 48 and 72 h significantly induced a proliferative response in hGFs. PHT decreased the expression of the Cdk-inhibitory proteins p21 and p27 and increased the levels of the S phase-promoting proteins phospho-Thr160-Cdk2 and phospho-Ser807/811-Rb in serum-free DMEM. The inhibition of G₁ cell cycle arrest in hGFs may result from an increase in phosphorylated Cdk2 and Rb proteins and decreased levels of p21 and p27 proteins by PHT. The gingival overgrowth may be caused by the failure of the G1 cell cycle arrest in GFs exposed to PHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiri Takeuchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8587, Japan
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Petti S, Polimeni A, Berloco PB, Scully C. Orofacial diseases in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Oral Dis 2012; 19:18-36. [PMID: 22458357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2012.01925.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Solid organ transplant (SOT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are at risk of several diseases, principally attributable to immunosuppression. This global overview of SOT/HSCT-associated orofacial diseases is aimed at providing a practical instrument for the oral healthcare management of SOT/HSCT recipients. METHODS Literature search was made through MEDLINE. The associations between orofacial diseases and SOT/HSCT were assessed using observational studies and case series and were classified into 'association', 'no association', and 'unclear association'. RESULTS Lip/oral cancers, drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO), infections, including hairy leukoplakia and, less frequently, post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) and oral lichenoid lesions of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), were associated with SOT. Lip/oral cancers, GVHD, mucositis, DIGO, infections and, less frequently, PTLDs were associated with HSCT. Associations of orofacial granulomatosis-like lesions and oral mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type lymphoma with SOT, and of pyogenic granuloma and hairy leukoplakia with HSCT were unclear. Periodontal disease and dental caries were not associated with SOT/HSCT. For none of the local treatments was there a strong evidence of effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS Solid organ transplant/HSCT recipients are at risk of orofacial diseases. Adequate management of these patients alleviates local symptoms responsible for impaired eating, helps prevent systemic and lethal complications, and helps where dental healthcare has been neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Petti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
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