1
|
Dai Z, Zhang W, Shang M, Tang H, Wu L, Wu Y, Wang T, Bian P. A Non-Cell-Autonomous Mode of DNA Damage Response in Soma of Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147544. [PMID: 35886900 PMCID: PMC9318560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Life has evolved a mechanism called DNA damage response (DDR) to sense, signal and remove/repair DNA damage, and its deficiency and dysfunction usually lead to genomic instability and development of cancer. The signaling mode of the DDR has been believed to be of cell-autonomy. However, the paradigm is being shifted with in-depth research into model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we mainly investigate the effect of DDR activation on the radiosensitivity of vulva of C. elegans, and first found that the vulval radiosensitivity is mainly regulated by somatic DDR, rather than the DDR of germline. Subsequently, the worm lines with pharynx-specific rescue of DDR were constructed, and it is shown that the 9-1-1-ATR and MRN-ATM cascades in pharynx restore approximately 90% and 70% of vulval radiosensitivity, respectively, through distantly regulating the NHEJ repair of vulval cells. The results suggest that the signaling cascade of DDR might also operate in a non-cell autonomous mode. To further explore the underlying regulatory mechanisms, the cpr-4 mutated gene is introduced into the DDR-rescued worms, and CPR-4, a cysteine protease cathepsin B, is confirmed to mediate the inter-tissue and inter-individual regulation of DDR as a signaling molecule downstream of 9-1-1-ATR. Our findings throw some light on the regulation of DNA repair in soma of C. elegans, and might also provide new cues for cancer prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyu Dai
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (Z.D.); (W.Z.); (H.T.); (Y.W.)
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (Z.D.); (W.Z.); (H.T.); (Y.W.)
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Mengke Shang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; (M.S.); (L.W.)
| | - Huangqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (Z.D.); (W.Z.); (H.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lijun Wu
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; (M.S.); (L.W.)
| | - Yuejin Wu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (Z.D.); (W.Z.); (H.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ting Wang
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Correspondence: (T.W.); (P.B.)
| | - Po Bian
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (Z.D.); (W.Z.); (H.T.); (Y.W.)
- Teaching and Research Section of Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Correspondence: (T.W.); (P.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bai J, Gong Z, Shu M, Zhao H, Ye F, Tang C, Zhang S, Zhou B, Lu D, Zhou X, Lin Q, Liu J. Increased Water-Soluble Yellow Monascus Pigment Productivity via Dual Mutagenesis and Submerged Repeated-Batch Fermentation of Monascus purpureus. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:914828. [PMID: 35756045 PMCID: PMC9218666 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.914828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Monascus pigments (MPs) have been used in the food industry for more than 2,000 years and are known for their safety, bold coloring, and physiological activity. MPs are mainly yellow (YMPs), orange (OMPs), and red (RMPs). In this study, a mutant strain Monascus purpureus H14 with high production of water-soluble YMPs (WSYMPs, λmax at 370 nm) was generated instead of primary YMPs (λmax at 420 nm), OMPs (λmax at 470 nm), and RMPs (λmax at 510 nm) produced by the parent strain M. purpureus LQ-6 through dual mutagenesis of atmospheric and room-temperature plasma and heavy ion beam irradiation (HIBI), producing 22.68 U/ml extracellular YMPs and 10.67 U/ml intracellular YMPs. WSYMP production was increased by 289.51% in optimal conditions after response surface methodology was applied in submerged fermentation. Application of combined immobilized fermentation and extractive fermentation improved productivity to 16.89 U/ml/day, 6.70 times greater than with conservative submerged fermentation. The produced WSYMPs exhibited good tone stability to environmental factors, but their pigment values were unstable to pH, light, and high concentrations of Ca2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, and Mg2+. Furtherly, the produced exYMPs were identified as two yellow monascus pigment components (monascusone B and C21H27NO7S) by UHPLC-ESI-MS. This strategy may be extended to industrial production of premium WSYMPs using Monascus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bai
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Zihan Gong
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Meng Shu
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Fanyu Ye
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Chenglun Tang
- Nanjing Sheng Ming Yuan Health Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Industrial Biotechnology JITRI Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Song Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Dong Lu
- Biophysics Research Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Biophysics Research Laboratory, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Safety Monitoring and Early Waring, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dhakal R, Yosofvand M, Yavari M, Abdulrahman R, Schurr R, Moustaid-Moussa N, Moussa H. Review of Biological Effects of Acute and Chronic Radiation Exposure on Caenorhabditis elegans. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081966. [PMID: 34440735 PMCID: PMC8392105 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge regarding complex radiation responses in biological systems can be enhanced using genetically amenable model organisms. In this manuscript, we reviewed the use of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), as a model organism to investigate radiation’s biological effects. Diverse types of experiments were conducted on C. elegans, using acute and chronic exposure to different ionizing radiation types, and to assess various biological responses. These responses differed based on the type and dose of radiation and the chemical substances in which the worms were grown or maintained. A few studies compared responses to various radiation types and doses as well as other environmental exposures. Therefore, this paper focused on the effect of irradiation on C. elegans, based on the intensity of the radiation dose and the length of exposure and ways to decrease the effects of ionizing radiation. Moreover, we discussed several studies showing that dietary components such as vitamin A, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenol-rich food source may promote the resistance of C. elegans to ionizing radiation and increase their life span after irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabin Dhakal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA; (R.D.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mohammad Yosofvand
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA; (R.D.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mahsa Yavari
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.Y.); (N.M.-M.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Ramzi Abdulrahman
- Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Ryan Schurr
- Cancer Center, UMC Health System, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.Y.); (N.M.-M.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Hanna Moussa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA; (R.D.); (M.Y.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-806-834-6271
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Sun S, Yao J, Sun Z. Using Relaxation Time to characterize biological effects of different mutagens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13941. [PMID: 32811881 PMCID: PMC7434921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70600-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
All kinds of mutagenic factors may cause physiological, biochemical and genetic changes of all organisms. To characterize their characteristic biology effects, the concept of Relaxation Time (RT) was introduced for the first time, and the specific process was as follows. After mutation of organisms, the offsprings will be continuingly cultured (or cultivated) to the next generation (Rx). Once a biological effect began to show no significant difference compared to the untreated controls, the Rx was defined as the RT of the effect. In this paper, three kinds of mutagenic factors were selected to treat the seeds or seedlings of Astragalus sinicus L., subsequently, the corresponding RT was calibrated. The results showed that the RT was diverse not only among different biological effects but also among different mutagenic factors. For the RT of chemical mutagens and gamma rays, most of which are concentrated on R1, whereas the heavy ion beams have significant differences among different tracks. Among biological effects, the SOD activity and superoxide anion free radical content in the Peak region are more prominent, and their RT reaches R3 and R4, respectively. Thus, the RT may characterize the characteristic biological effects from differently mutagenic factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinglin Li
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Shuguang Sun
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingxia Yao
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zhengfeng Sun
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Repair characteristics and time-dependent effects in response to heavy-ion beam irradiation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a comparison with X-ray irradiation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4043-4057. [PMID: 32144474 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heavy-ion beam (HIB) irradiation has been widely used in microbial mutation breeding. However, a global cellular response to such radiation remains mostly uncharacterised. In this study, we used transcriptomics to analyse the damage repair response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae following a semi-lethal HIB irradiation (80 Gy), which induced a significant number of DNA double-strand breaks. Our analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from 50 to 150 min post-irradiation revealed that upregulated genes were significantly enriched for gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes terms related to damage repair response. Based on the number of DEGs, their annotation, and their relative expression, we established that the peak of the damage repair response occurred 75 min post-irradiation. Moreover, we exploited the data from our recent study on X-ray irradiation-induced repair to compare the transcriptional patterns induced by semi-lethal HIB and X-ray irradiations. Although these two radiations have different properties, we found a significant overlap (> 50%) for the DEGs associated with five typical DNA repair pathways and, in both cases, identified homologous recombination repair (HRR) as the predominant repair pathway. Nevertheless, when we compared the relative enrichment of the five DNA repair pathways at the key time point of the repair process, we found that the relative enrichment of HRR was higher after HIB irradiation than after X-ray irradiation. Additionally, the peak stage of HRR following HIB irradiation was ahead of that following X-ray irradiation. Since mutations occur during the DNA repair process, uncovering detailed repair characteristics should further the understanding of the associated mutagenesis features.
Collapse
|