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Komiya T, Mori A, Nishii N, Oda H, Onozawa E, Seki S, Sako T. Relationship between anti-insulin antibody production and severe insulin resistance in a diabetic cat. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:661-665. [PMID: 33840723 PMCID: PMC8111345 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A 5-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat was diagnosed with diabetic
ketoacidosis and severe insulin resistance. Although the conventional treatment for
diabetic ketoacidosis was provided, the cat required frequent hospitalization because of
severe dehydration and repeated diabetic ketoacidosis. We detected anti-insulin antibodies
for human in this cat. Serum insulin-binding IgG levels were markedly elevated compared
with those in healthy cats and other diabetic cats. We initiated prednisolone to suppress
the effects of anti-insulin antibodies. After initiation of prednisolone, the cat was
gradually recovered with increasing activity and appetite. Furthermore, satisfactory
glycemic control was achieved with combined subcutaneous injection of insulin detemir and
insulin degludec.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Komiya
- School of Veterinary Nursing & Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan.,Animal Emergency Center Fuchu, 1-17-1 Midoricho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-0006, Japan
| | - Akihiro Mori
- School of Veterinary Nursing & Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Naohito Nishii
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hitomi Oda
- School of Veterinary Nursing & Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Eri Onozawa
- School of Veterinary Nursing & Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Seri Seki
- School of Veterinary Nursing & Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Toshinori Sako
- School of Veterinary Nursing & Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
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2
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Guzman NA, Guzman DE. A Two-Dimensional Affinity Capture and Separation Mini-Platform for the Isolation, Enrichment, and Quantification of Biomarkers and Its Potential Use for Liquid Biopsy. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8080255. [PMID: 32751506 PMCID: PMC7459796 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8080255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarker detection for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response is becoming increasingly reliable and accessible. Particularly, the identification of circulating cell-free chemical and biochemical substances, cellular and subcellular entities, and extracellular vesicles has demonstrated promising applications in understanding the physiologic and pathologic conditions of an individual. Traditionally, tissue biopsy has been the gold standard for the diagnosis of many diseases, especially cancer. More recently, liquid biopsy for biomarker detection has emerged as a non-invasive or minimally invasive and less costly method for diagnosis of both cancerous and non-cancerous diseases, while also offering information on the progression or improvement of disease. Unfortunately, the standardization of analytical methods to isolate and quantify circulating cells and extracellular vesicles, as well as their extracted biochemical constituents, is still cumbersome, time-consuming, and expensive. To address these limitations, we have developed a prototype of a portable, miniaturized instrument that uses immunoaffinity capillary electrophoresis (IACE) to isolate, concentrate, and analyze cell-free biomarkers and/or tissue or cell extracts present in biological fluids. Isolation and concentration of analytes is accomplished through binding to one or more biorecognition affinity ligands immobilized to a solid support, while separation and analysis are achieved by high-resolution capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to one or more detectors. When compared to other existing methods, the process of this affinity capture, enrichment, release, and separation of one or a panel of biomarkers can be carried out on-line with the advantages of being rapid, automated, and cost-effective. Additionally, it has the potential to demonstrate high analytical sensitivity, specificity, and selectivity. As the potential of liquid biopsy grows, so too does the demand for technical advances. In this review, we therefore discuss applications and limitations of liquid biopsy and hope to introduce the idea that our affinity capture-separation device could be used as a form of point-of-care (POC) diagnostic technology to isolate, concentrate, and analyze circulating cells, extracellular vesicles, and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norberto A. Guzman
- Princeton Biochemicals, Inc., Princeton, NJ 08816, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-908-510-5258
| | - Daniel E. Guzman
- Princeton Biochemicals, Inc., Princeton, NJ 08816, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; or
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Hsiao YC, Chi LM, Chien KY, Chiang WF, Chen SF, Chuang YN, Lin SY, Wu CC, Chang YT, Chu LJ, Chen YT, Chia SL, Chien CY, Chang KP, Chang YS, Yu JS. Development of a Multiplexed Assay for Oral Cancer Candidate Biomarkers Using Peptide Immunoaffinity Enrichment and Targeted Mass Spectrometry. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:1829-1849. [PMID: 28821604 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and there are currently no biomarkers approved for aiding its management. Although many potential oral cancer biomarkers have been discovered, very few have been verified in body fluid specimens in parallel to evaluate their clinical utility. The lack of appropriate multiplexed assays for chosen targets represents one of the bottlenecks to achieving this goal. In the present study, we develop a peptide immunoaffinity enrichment-coupled multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (SISCAPA-MRM) assay for verifying multiple reported oral cancer biomarkers in saliva. We successfully produced 363 clones of mouse anti-peptide monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against 36 of 49 selected targets, and characterized useful mAbs against 24 targets in terms of their binding affinity for peptide antigens and immuno-capture ability. Comparative analyses revealed that an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD ) cut-off value < 2.82 × 10-9 m could identify most clones with an immuno-capture recovery rate >5%. Using these mAbs, we assembled a 24-plex SISCAPA-MRM assay and optimized assay conditions in a 25-μg saliva matrix background. This multiplexed assay showed reasonable precision (median coefficient of variation, 7.16 to 32.09%), with lower limits of quantitation (LLOQ) of <10, 10-50, and >50 ng/ml for 14, 7 and 3 targets, respectively. When applied to a model saliva sample pooled from oral cancer patients, this assay could detect 19 targets at higher salivary levels than their LLOQs. Finally, we demonstrated the utility of this assay for quantification of multiple targets in individual saliva samples (20 healthy donors and 21 oral cancer patients), showing that levels of six targets were significantly altered in cancer compared with the control group. We propose that this assay could be used in future studies to compare the clinical utility of multiple oral cancer biomarker candidates in a large cohort of saliva samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chin Hsiao
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,§Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Lang-Ming Chi
- ¶Clinical Proteomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yi Chien
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,¶Clinical Proteomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,‖Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fan Chiang
- **Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan.,‡‡School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Fan Chen
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ning Chuang
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Lin
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Wu
- ‖Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chang
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lichieh Julie Chu
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,§Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,‖Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,§§Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,¶¶Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Chia
- ‖‖Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Departments of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Departments of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- From the ‡Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; .,§Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,‖Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Suzuki T, Nishii N, Takashima S, Matsubara T, Iwasawa A, Takeuchi H, Tahara K, Hachisu T, Kitagawa H. Ligand-binding characteristics of feline insulin-binding immunoglobulin G. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:1379-83. [PMID: 26062435 PMCID: PMC4667653 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) G autoantibodies against insulin have been
identified in sera of healthy cats. We purified and fractionated insulin-binding IgGs from
cat sera by affinity chromatography and analyzed affinity of insulin-binding IgGs for
insulin and their epitopes. Following the passing of fraction A, which did not bind to
insulin, insulin-binding IgGs were eluted into two fractions, B and C, by affinity
chromatography using a column fixed with bovine insulin. Dissociation constant (KD) values
between insulin-binding IgGs and insulin, determined by surface plasmon resonance analysis
(Biacore™system), were 1.64e−4 M for fraction B (low affinity IgGs) and
2e−5 M for fraction C (high affinity IgGs). Epitope analysis was conducted
using 16 peptide fragments synthesized in concord with the amino acid sequence of feline
insulin by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fractions B and C showed higher
absorbance (affinity) of the peptide fragment of 10 amino acid residues at the
carboxyl-terminal of the B chain (peptide No. 19), followed by peptide fragments of 6 to
15 amino acid residues of the B chain (peptide No. 8). Fraction C showed a higher
absorbance to 7 to 16 amino acid residues of the B chain (peptide No. 5) compared with the
absorbance of fraction B. Polyclonal insulin-binding IgGs may form a macromolecule complex
with insulin through the multiple affinity sites of IgG molecules. Feline insulin-binding
IgGs are multifocal and may be composed of multiple IgG components and insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Suzuki
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Takashima S, Nishii N, Hachisu T, Kojima M, Kigure-Hoshino M, Ogawa S, Suzuki T, Iwasawa A, Ohba Y, Kitagawa H. Natural anti-insulin autoantibodies in cats: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of plasma anti-insulin IgG and its concentrations in domestic cats. Res Vet Sci 2013; 95:886-90. [PMID: 24054858 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Anti-insulin immunoglobulin G (IgG) has been found in the sera of healthy cats. To determine the concentrations of these antibodies, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for anti-insulin IgG was developed. ELISA maintained the linearity of a standard concentration line between 67.5 and 2160 ng/ml. The coefficients of variances (CVs) of intra-assays in two different plasma samples were 4.0% and 3.7%, respectively. The inter-assay CVs in two different plasma samples were 5.1% and 6.9%, respectively. The dilution curves of two samples were rectilinear. Anti-insulin IgG was detected in all 84 of the healthy cats that were tested. Plasma anti-insulin IgG concentrations ranged from 80 to 1578 μg/ml, with a median concentration of 221 μg/ml, and this value correlated positively with total plasma IgG concentrations (r=0.383, p<0.01). In an intravenous glucose tolerance test, plasma anti-insulin IgG concentrations did not alter, even with changes in plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. The ELISA that was developed was able to determine plasma anti-insulin IgG in domestic cats, and confirmed that all healthy cats had plasma anti-insulin IgG. Determining the plasma concentrations of anti-insulin IgG in cats with various pathological conditions might clarify the role of anti-insulin IgG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takashima
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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