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Integrating Reference Intervals into Chimpanzee Welfare Research. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040639. [PMID: 36830426 PMCID: PMC9951686 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal welfare researchers are committed to developing novel approaches to enhance the quality of life of chimpanzees living in professional care. To systematically monitor physical, mental, and emotional states, welfare scientists highlight the importance of integrating non-invasive, animal-based welfare indicators. This study aimed to create species-specific reference intervals for behavioral measures and physiological biomarkers. Specifically, we analyzed data from 40 adult chimpanzees (22 females, 18 males) residing at 16 zoological facilities to generate reference intervals for behavioral states and events, behavioral diversity, fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (GCMs), and fecal immunoglobulin-A (IgA). Comparisons of sex and age using linear regression models revealed significant differences for several behaviors. The proportion of time spent engaged in mutual/multiple social grooming significantly decreased as individuals aged. Furthermore, males spent a higher proportion of time performing aggressive contact behaviors and displaying to other chimpanzees when compared to females. Males also performed sexual examination behaviors at a higher rate than females. Behavioral diversity, fecal GCM, and fecal IgA did not vary by sex or age. In the future, values for individual chimpanzees can be compared to the ranges reported here for particular age/sex classes. Ultimately, animal care professionals can utilize reference intervals to make evidence-based decisions regarding management practices and environmental conditions.
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Claunch N, Moore I, Waye H, Schoenle L, Oakey SJ, Reed RN, Romagosa C. Understanding metrics of stress in the context of invasion history: the case of the brown treesnake ( Boiga irregularis). CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 9:coab008. [PMID: 35145697 PMCID: PMC8631081 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Invasive species can exert rapid depletion of resources after introduction and, in turn, affect their own population density. Additionally, management actions can have direct and indirect effects on demography. Physiological variables can predict demographic change but are often restricted to snapshots-in-time and delayed confirmation of changes in population density reduces their utility. To evaluate the relationships between physiology and demography, we assessed metrics of individual and demographic stress (baseline and 1-h corticosterone (CORT), body condition and bacterial killing ability) in the invasive snake Boiga irregularis on Guam collected in intervals of 10-15 years. We also assessed potential discrepancies between different methods of measuring hormones [radioimmunoassay (RIA) versus enzyme immunoassay (EIA)]. The magnitude of difference between RIA and EIA was negligible and did not change gross interpretation of our results. We found that body condition was higher in recent samples (2003 and 2018) versus older (1992-93) samples. We found corresponding differences in baseline CORT, with higher baseline CORT in older, poorer body condition samples. Hormonal response to acute stress was higher in 2018 relative to 2003. We also found a weak relationship between circulating CORT and bacterial killing ability among 2018 samples, but the biological significance of the relationship is not clear. In an effort to develop hypotheses for future investigation of the links between physiology and demography in this and other systems, we discuss how the changes in CORT and body condition may reflect changes in population dynamics, resource availability or management pressure. Ultimately, we advocate for the synchronization of physiology and management studies to advance the field of applied conservation physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Claunch
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of
Florida, 103 Black Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ignacio Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech,
Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Heather Waye
- Division of Science and Mathematics, University of Minnesota
Morris, Morris, MN 56267, USA
| | - Laura Schoenle
- Office of Undergraduate Biology, Cornell University,
Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Samantha J Oakey
- University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine,
Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Robert N Reed
- US Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort
Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Christina Romagosa
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation,
University of Florida, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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3
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Hein A, Palme R, Baumgartner K, von Fersen L, Woelfing B, Greenwood AD, Bechshoft T, Siebert U. Faecal glucocorticoid metabolites as a measure of adrenocortical activity in polar bears ( Ursus maritimus). CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 8:coaa012. [PMID: 32274062 PMCID: PMC7125046 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coaa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGMs) is frequently applied to assess adrenocortical activity in animal conservation and welfare studies. Faecal sample collection is non-invasive and feasible under field conditions. FGM levels are also less prone to circadian rhythms, episodic fluctuations and short acute stressors than glucocorticoid (GC) levels obtained from other matrices, for example blood or saliva. To investigate the suitability of FGM measurement in polar bears (Ursus maritimus), a species listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature), a cortisol enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was biologically validated by demonstrating a significant increase in FGMs after five zoo-to-zoo transports. In addition to validating the method, the study also documented an average delay of 7 h until the first occurrence of food colorants in the monitored polar bears, which provides essential information for future studies. After validation, the assay was applied to measure FGM concentrations of five polar bears over a 1-year period. Several pre-defined potentially stressful events were recorded in an event log to measure their effect on FGM concentrations. A mixed model analysis revealed significant increases in FGM concentrations after social tension and environmental changes, whereas season and sex had no significant effect. The study demonstrates that the applied cortisol EIA is suitable for measuring FGM levels in polar bears and that using a carefully validated assay for FGM analysis in combination with a detailed sampling protocol can serve as a valuable tool for evaluating mid- to long-term stress in polar bears. FGM levels can be used to monitor stress in captive polar bears in order to optimize housing conditions but also to elucidate stress responses in wild populations for targeted conservation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hein
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research (ITAW), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rupert Palme
- Unit of Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Experimental Endocrinology, De for Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Benno Woelfing
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research (ITAW), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alex D Greenwood
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Strasse 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thea Bechshoft
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research (ITAW), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany
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Zhou Y, Cai Z. Determination of hormones in human urine by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34 Suppl 1:e8583. [PMID: 31498943 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormones play a critical role in maintaining the homeostasis of human metabolism. Urine as a noninvasive sample has been extensively used in clinical diagnosis for hormones homeostasis. In this study, the simultaneous characterization of fourteen hormones in urine was performed based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPHLC/ESI(+)-MS/MS) with multiple reaction monitoring in the positive ionization mode. The target hormones were cortisone, cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, aldosterone, corticosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, progesterone, 17-OH-progesterone, pregnenolone, estrone, estradiol, estriol, testosterone and dehydreopiandrosterone. β-Glucuronidase/sulfatase deconjugation and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) were conducted for the determination of urinary hormones (free + conjugated forms). The limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.2 ng/mL (11-deoxycortisol and testosterone) to 1 ng/mL (cortisone). The extraction recovery of the targeted compounds ranged from 87% to 127%, indicating sufficient extraction efficiency for the LLE process. Intraday precision was below 10% and the accuracy ranged from 84% to 122%. The profiling analysis of hormones in urine samples helps to understand the metabolic state of biological systems and can be employed as a diagnostic tool in diseases developed by endocrine-disrupted systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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Binder ARD, Pfaffl MW, Hiltwein F, Geist J, Beggel S. Does environmental stress affect cortisol biodistribution in freshwater mussels? CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 7:coz101. [PMID: 31832197 PMCID: PMC6899224 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
As of today, regulation and physiological purpose of steroid hormones in invertebrates such as mussels are not completely understood. Many studies were able to show their presence, but their origin and genesis are not clear. Nevertheless, knowledge about changes in steroid hormone biodistribution in reaction to treatments could improve our understanding of their physiological functions in these species. Cortisol is a corticosteroid, which is frequently used as a stress biomarker in vertebrates, like fish or higher organisms. The aim of the study was to optimize cortisol extraction from various tissues of mussels, to develop a quantitative ELISA test system, and to study changes in biodistribution of cortisol in reaction to negative and positive stimulation treatments. As model organism, we used Anodonta anatina, a widespread freshwater mussel species native to Europe. We quantified cortisol concentrations in hepatopancreas, mantle, gills, gonads and the foot muscle. Tissue-specific reactions to environmental influences, simulated with the chemical stressors copper (II) chloride and sodium chloride, were assessed. During the 24-hours treatment, we additionally observed changes in cortisol regulation in response to feeding activity of the mussels. Besides, we found highly significant variations in the biodistribution of cortisol in different tissues, with a peak in the hepatopancreas. Whole body cortisol did not increase in the treated groups. However, balancing of all measured tissues showed redistribution of more than 10% of total body cortisol from the hepatopancreas to all other tissues during copper (II) chloride stressor treatment, but also when mussels ingested feed, compared to the non-fed control group. No redistribution was observed during sodium chloride treatment. We conclude that there can be a redistribution of cortisol in mussels, depending on external influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ronja D Binder
- Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, Freising-Weihenstephan, D-85354, Germany
| | - Michael W Pfaffl
- Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, Freising-Weihenstephan, D-85354, Germany
| | | | - Juergen Geist
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Mühlenweg 22, Freising-Weihenstephan, D-85354, Germany
| | - Sebastian Beggel
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Mühlenweg 22, Freising-Weihenstephan, D-85354, Germany
- Corresponding author: Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Mühlenweg 22, Freising-Weihenstephan, D-85354, Germany
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Kumar V, Kumar P, Kumar S, Prakash BS. Seasonal alterations in plasma cortisol in peripartum Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) as assayed by a sensitive enzymeimmunoassay in subtropical climate. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2018.1526497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Division of Dairy Cattle Physiology, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Division of Dairy Cattle Physiology, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - BS Prakash
- Division of Dairy Cattle Physiology, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
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Wang Z, Zheng Q, Guo L, Suryoprabowo S, Liu L, Kuang H. Preparation of an anti-dexamethasone monoclonal antibody and its use in development of a colloidal gold immunoassay. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2017.1320360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiankun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Steven Suryoprabowo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
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Wang Z, Xie Z, Cui G, Liu L, Song S, Kuang H, Xu C. Development of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunochromatographic assay for hydrocortisone residues in milk. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2017.1297779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Wang
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengjun Xie
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Cui
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Song
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Influence of dexamethasone-induced stress on oxidative stress biomarkers in non-pregnant does experimentally infected with Brucella melitensis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-016-2395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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10
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Singh S, Mitra K, Shukla A, Singh R, Gundampati RK, Misra N, Maiti P, Ray B. Brominated Graphene as Mimetic Peroxidase for Sulfide Ion Recognition. Anal Chem 2016; 89:783-791. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Kheyanath Mitra
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Aparna Shukla
- School
of Material Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rajshree Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gundampati
- Molecular
Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Nira Misra
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Pralay Maiti
- School
of Material Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Biswajit Ray
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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Mallick S, Aggarwal A, Prakash BS. Seasonal changes in semen quality and correlation with plasma hormone profiles in Karan Fries bulls. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2016.1213361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anjali Aggarwal
- Dairy Cattle Physiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - B. S. Prakash
- Division of Animal Sciences, Indian Council of Agriculture Research, New Delhi, India
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12
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Comparison of two enzymatic immunoassays, high resolution mass spectrometry method and radioimmunoassay for the quantification of human plasma histamine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 118:307-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Flow Injection-Chemiluminescence Method for Determination of Hydrocortisone in Human Serum by Using Trivalent Silver Complex. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(15)60858-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zhai X, Chen F, Zhu C, Lu Y. A simple LC–MS/MS method for the determination of cortisol, cortisone and tetrahydro-metabolites in human urine: Assay development, validation and application in depression patients. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 107:450-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Comparison of VIDAS and radioimmunoassay methods for measurement of cortisol concentration in bovine serum. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:216569. [PMID: 24288466 PMCID: PMC3830770 DOI: 10.1155/2013/216569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is the “gold standard” method for evaluation of serum cortisol concentration. The VIDAS cortisol test is an enzyme-linked fluorescent assay designed for the MiniVidas system. The aim of this study was to compare the VIDAS method with RIA for measurement of bovine serum cortisol concentration. Cortisol concentrations were evaluated in 40 cows using both VIDAS and RIA methods, the latter as the reference method. A paired Student's t-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, Bland-Altman plot, and Deming regression analysis were used to compare the two methods. There was no statistically significant difference between mean serum cortisol concentrations measured by VIDAS or RIA methods (P = 0.6570). Both methods were able to detect significant differences in mean low and high cortisol concentrations (P < 0.00014 RIA and P < 0.0016 VIDAS). The correlation coefficient was low, but a Bland-Altman plot and Deming regression analysis show neither constant nor proportional error. The VIDAS method produced slightly higher values than RIA, but the difference was small and in no case did the mean value move the normal range. Results suggest that VIDAS method is suitable for the determination of bovine serum cortisol concentration in studies of large numbers of animals.
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