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Gui LS, Dai TS, Guo XR, Wei SH, Ma ZM, Yang D, Ding BL, Xiang H, Yu YT, Dan XG. Recent advances in early pregnancy loss diagnosis in dairy cows: New approaches. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14566. [PMID: 38627959 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Early pregnancy loss is a primary cause of low reproductive rates in dairy cows, posing severe economic losses to dairy farming. The accurate diagnosis of dairy cows with early pregnancy loss allows for oestrus synchronization, shortening day open, and increasing the overall conception rate of the herd. Several techniques are available for detecting early pregnancy loss in dairy cows, including rectal ultrasound, circulating blood progesterone, and pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs). Yet, there is a need to improve on existing techniques and develop novel strategies to identify cows with early pregnancy loss accurately. This manuscript reviews the applications of rectal ultrasound, circulating blood progesterone concentration, and PAGs in the diagnosis of pregnancy loss in dairy cows. The manuscript also discusses the recent progress of new technologies, including colour Doppler ultrasound (CDUS), interferon tau-induced genes (ISGs), and exosomal miRNA in diagnosing pregnancy loss in dairy cows. This study will provide an option for producers to re-breed cows with pregnancy loss, thereby reducing the calving interval and economic costs. Meanwhile, this manuscript might also act as a reference for exploring more economical and precise diagnostic technologies for early pregnancy loss in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Sen Gui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Tian-Shu Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xing-Ru Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Shi-Hao Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Zi-Ming Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Di Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Bao-Long Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yong-Tao Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xin-Gang Dan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Ono K, Okamoto S, Ninomiya C, Toji N, Kanazawa T, Ishiguro-Oonuma T, Takahashi T, Iga K, Kizaki K. Analysis of circulating microRNA during early gestation in Japanese black cattle. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2022; 79:106706. [PMID: 34973621 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2021.106706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been used as biomarkers for various diseases and physiological conditions in humans and mice; studies in domestic animals, particularly cattle, are limited. The importance of early pregnancy diagnosis (especially within the 21-d cow estrous cycle) in the livestock industry is extremely high. This study compared the circulating miRNAs in bred non-pregnant and pregnant Japanese Black cows, explored miRNAs as biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis, and established a measurement system that included selecting an appropriate reference miRNA and determining the effect of hemolysis on miRNA quantification in plasma. miRNA was extracted from the plasma of Japanese Black cows on day 21 after artificial insemination and subjected to a customized bovine oligonucleotide microarray for expression analysis. Differentially expressed miRNAs and reference miRNA candidates were selected and validated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). An appropriate endogenous reference miRNA for normalization was selected using NormFinder software. To evaluate the effect of hemolysis on miRNA quantification, hemolyzed samples were prepared using plasma from four cows in the estrous cycle and subjected to RT-qPCR. A total of 124 miRNAs were detected in bovine plasma by microarray analysis in bred non-pregnant and pregnant cows. The levels of five circulating miRNAs were significantly higher in pregnant cows than in bred non-pregnant cows, and 24 miRNAs were detected only in the pregnant group. NormFinder analysis and RT-qPCR validation showed that miR-2455 was an appropriate reference miRNA in the plasma of bred non-pregnant and pregnant Japanese Black cows, and miR-19b, miR-25, miR-29a, and miR-148a were significantly higher in the pregnant group. These four circulating miRNAs did not change during the estrous cycle and were less affected by hemolysis. In the current study, we found four miRNAs, miR-19b, miR-25, miR-29a, and miR-148a, which were present at high levels in the plasma of pregnant Japanese Black cows. Since these miRNAs are less affected by hemolysis, they may potentially be used as biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ono
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - S Okamoto
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - C Ninomiya
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - N Toji
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - T Kanazawa
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - T Ishiguro-Oonuma
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - K Iga
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Morioka, Iwate 020-0198, Japan
| | - K Kizaki
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.
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Santiago-Algarra D, Souaid C, Singh H, Dao LTM, Hussain S, Medina-Rivera A, Ramirez-Navarro L, Castro-Mondragon JA, Sadouni N, Charbonnier G, Spicuglia S. Epromoters function as a hub to recruit key transcription factors required for the inflammatory response. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6660. [PMID: 34795220 PMCID: PMC8602369 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is controlled by the involvement of gene-proximal (promoters) and distal (enhancers) regulatory elements. Our previous results demonstrated that a subset of gene promoters, termed Epromoters, work as bona fide enhancers and regulate distal gene expression. Here, we hypothesized that Epromoters play a key role in the coordination of rapid gene induction during the inflammatory response. Using a high-throughput reporter assay we explored the function of Epromoters in response to type I interferon. We find that clusters of IFNa-induced genes are frequently associated with Epromoters and that these regulatory elements preferentially recruit the STAT1/2 and IRF transcription factors and distally regulate the activation of interferon-response genes. Consistently, we identified and validated the involvement of Epromoter-containing clusters in the regulation of LPS-stimulated macrophages. Our findings suggest that Epromoters function as a local hub recruiting the key TFs required for coordinated regulation of gene clusters during the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Santiago-Algarra
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, TAGC, UMR 1090, Marseille, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Charbel Souaid
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, TAGC, UMR 1090, Marseille, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Himanshu Singh
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, TAGC, UMR 1090, Marseille, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Lan T M Dao
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, TAGC, UMR 1090, Marseille, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem cell and Gene technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Saadat Hussain
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, TAGC, UMR 1090, Marseille, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Alejandra Medina-Rivera
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Mexico
| | - Lucia Ramirez-Navarro
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Mexico
| | - Jaime A Castro-Mondragon
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, TAGC, UMR 1090, Marseille, France
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nori Sadouni
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, TAGC, UMR 1090, Marseille, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Charbonnier
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, TAGC, UMR 1090, Marseille, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Salvatore Spicuglia
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, TAGC, UMR 1090, Marseille, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
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