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Chu S, Narayan VP, Sung MK, Park T. Piperonal attenuates visceral adiposity in mice fed a high-fat diet: potential involvement of the adenylate cyclase-protein kinase A dependent pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28699236 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201601124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Piperonal is an aromatic compound found in vanilla and has a floral odor resembling vanillin. This study was aimed to test whether piperonal attenuates visceral adiposity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6N mice were fed a normal diet, HFD, or 0.05% piperonal-supplemented HFD (PSD) for 10 weeks. PSD-fed mice showed attenuation of body weight gain, total visceral fat pad weights, and plasma lipid levels compared to HFD-fed mice. Piperonal supplementation of the HFD increased the mRNA expression of certain isotypes of adenylate cyclase (Adcy) and protein kinase A (PKA) in the white adipose tissue (WAT) of mice. The adipogenesis-related genes were downregulated, whereas fatty acid oxidation- and thermogenesis-related genes were upregulated in the WAT of PSD-fed mice compared to those in HFD-fed mice. Piperonal directly activated Adcy by decreasing the Km for its substrate (ATP) in plasma membranes prepared from the WAT of mice. Furthermore, piperonal-induced inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and elevation of Adcy and PKA activities in 3T3-L1 cells were abrogated by an Adcy inhibitor. CONCLUSION The anti-adipogenic effect of piperonal in mice fed the high-fat diet appears to be associated with increased Adcy-PKA signaling in WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyi Chu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Vikram P Narayan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Sung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Pavan B, Capuzzo A, Dalpiaz A. Potential therapeutic effects of odorants through their ectopic receptors in pigmented cells. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1123-1130. [PMID: 28533189 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Several olfactory receptors (ORs) have been characterized outside the olfactory neuroepithelium in neuronal and non-neuronal tissues, where they were implicated in the recognition of diverse chemical signals. ORs have been found to regulate melanogenesis in skin melanocytes, and OR expression has been found in the human brain nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, where production of melanin occurs as neuromelanin and can change with age; OR expression is downregulated in Parkinson's disease. Therefore, we propose several odorants as new functional ligands to ORs expressed in non-olfactory pigmented cells as dopaminergic neurons and melanocytes, where, by acting on cAMP-induced melanin production, they could help to counteract melanogenic and neurodegenerative dysfunctions, including melanoma and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pavan
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Antonio Capuzzo
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dalpiaz
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Liao J, Xie J, Lin D, Lu N, Guo L, Li W, Pu B, Yang Y, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Song Y. Meglumine cyclic adenylate improves neurological function following acute spinal cord injury in rats. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:1225-30. [PMID: 24970286 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevation of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels facilitates recovery following spinal injury by suppressing secondary pathology and promoting axonal regeneration. However, this treatment strategy is limited by lack of effective and tolerable clinical agents. The present study examined the effects of meglumine cyclic adenylate (MCA) on neurological recovery, cAMP concentration, adenylate cyclase 3 (AC3) activity and phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) activity during early stage acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. A total of 48 Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomly assigned to groups A, B or C, each consisting of 16 animals. SCI was induced by Allen's method using a 7 g x 3 cm extradural weight‑drop impact on spinal cord segment T11. A total of 30 min following SCI, group A received a single 30 mg/kg‑bw i.p. dose of methylprednisolone, group B received 2 mg/kg‑bw i.p. MCA daily for seven days and group C were administered an equal volume of normal saline. Seven days following SCI, the spinal cord samples from eight rats per group were obtained to measure the cAMP concentration, and the activities of AC3 and PDE4D. The remaining eight rats per group were used for behavioral assessments using the inclined plane stability test and Gale scale for up to six weeks post‑SCI. The drug‑treated groups A and B had higher cAMP concentrations and AC3 activities but lower PDE4D activities at the lesion sites, as well as superior behavioral scores post‑SCI compared with the vehicle‑treated group C (P<0.05). Furthermore, cAMP was higher in group B than in group A (P<0.05). It was concluded that MCA may serve as an effective SCI treatment by activating AC3 and suppressing PDE4D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwu Liao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, P.R. China
| | - Jingming Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, P.R. China
| | - Daqiang Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Dazhou, Sichuan 635000, P.R. China
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, P.R. China
| | - Limin Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, P.R. China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, P.R. China
| | - Bo Pu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, P.R. China
| | - Zhenlong Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, P.R. China
| | - Yueming Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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