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Cristian FB, Tidona C, Rückle T. Innovation at the Interface between Academia and Industry: The BioMed X Model. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 39235485 DOI: 10.1007/164_2024_729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
In the evolving landscape of biomedical research, the convergence of molecular biology and translational medicine has ushered in a new era of pharmaceutical innovation. This paradigm shift, characterized by significant advances in targeted therapies and gene editing, emphasizes the critical role of integrating academic research - and academic researchers - within industry settings. Contemporary innovation models are moving beyond traditional, corporation-centered frameworks, adopting more open, collaborative approaches. Here, we discuss the challenges and solutions brought about by this new direction in pharma innovation and describe the BioMed X innovation model, a unique open innovation approach that has been growing continuously over the past ten years.
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Fernald KDS, Förster PC, Claassen E, van de Burgwal LHM. The pharmaceutical productivity gap - Incremental decline in R&D efficiency despite transient improvements. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104160. [PMID: 39241979 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Rising research and development costs, currently exceeding $3.5 billion per novel drug, reflect a five-decade decline in pharmaceutical R&D efficiency. While recent reports suggest a potential turnaround, this review offers a systems-level analysis to explore whether this marks a structural shift or transient reversal. We analyzed financial data from the 200 largest pharmaceutical firms, novel drug approvals, and more than 80 000 clinical trials between 2012 and 2023. Our analysis revealed that despite recent stabilization, the pharmaceutical industry continues to face challenges, particularly due to elevated late-stage clinical attrition, suggesting that a sustained turnaround in R&D efficiency remains elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D S Fernald
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Athena Institute, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Philipp C Förster
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Athena Institute, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Claassen
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Athena Institute, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Linda H M van de Burgwal
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Athena Institute, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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3
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Hungria V, Sureda A, Campelo GR, Salvino MA, Ramasamy K. Proceedings from the First Onco Summit: LATAM Chapter, 19-20 May 2023, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3063. [PMID: 39272921 PMCID: PMC11394439 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16173063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The Onco Summit 2023: The Latin American (LATAM) Chapter took place over two days, from 19-20 May 2023, in Brazil. The event aimed to share the latest updates across various oncology disciplines, address critical clinical challenges, and exchange best practices to ensure optimal patient treatment. More than 30 international and regional speakers and more than 300 oncology specialists participated in the Summit. The Summit discussions centered on common challenges and therapeutic advances in cancer care, with a specific focus on the unique obstacles faced in LATAM and examples of adaptable strategies to address these challenges. The Summit also facilitated the establishment of a network of oncologists, hematologists, and scientists in LATAM, enabling collaboration to improve cancer care, both in this region and globally, through drug development and clinical research. This report summarizes the key discussions from the Summit for the global and LATAM oncology community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Hungria
- Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo 01224-001, Brazil
| | - Anna Sureda
- Clinical Hematology Department, Catalan Institut Català d'Oncologia-L'Hospitalet, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), University of Barcelona (UB), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Garcia Rosario Campelo
- Thoracic Tumors Unit, Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital A Coruña Biomedical Research Institute (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Marco Aurélio Salvino
- Cell Therapy, D'OR Institute Research & Education (IDOR)/PPGMS-Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Karthik Ramasamy
- Oxford Translational Myeloma Centre, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
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Singh K, Nainwal N, Chitme HR. A review on recent advancements in pharmaceutical technology transfer of tablets from an Indian perspective. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2024:S0003-4509(24)00108-1. [PMID: 39127322 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The healthcare sector is a paramount and rapidly expanding industry in India. The pharmaceutical field in India has experienced substantial growth and transformation in recent times, making significant contributions to the global healthcare market. This comprehensive review delves into the most recent innovations in pharmaceutical technology transfer (TT), particularly in the context of tablet formulations from an Indian standpoint. SIGNIFICANCE The pharmaceutical sector has grappled with various challenging issues, including the escalating costs of medications and the demand for patient-friendly products. METHODS In this technological progress era, various cutting-edge pharmaceutical technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), and 3D and 4D printing, play pivotal roles in drug development. Tablets, the most promising and widely utilized dosage form worldwide, require a sophisticated approach to TT. Achieving a successful TT necessitates a dedicated team with well-defined objectives, improved documentation, and effective communication. RESULTS The Indian Pharmaceutical Industry (IPI) possesses the potential to make significant contributions to the global healthcare sector. Moreover, we delve into the various phases of TT, highlighting the pivotal role of formulation development and process optimization in ensuring product quality, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness along with different models of TT. Additionally, we examine the challenges associated with TT and potential solutions, as well as the initiatives of the Indian government to bolster the Indian pharmaceutical sector's position as the "Pharmacy of the World". CONCLUSION It is concluded that there is a need to contextualize and institutionalize the tech transfer policies for successful implementation for the benefit of the global population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishan Singh
- All India Institute of Ayurveda, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi 110076, India.
| | - Nidhi Nainwal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Premnagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India.
| | - Havagiray R Chitme
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India.
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5
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McCarthy KJ, Aalbers RHL. Making more of less: using divestitures to unlock pharmaceutical innovation. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103937. [PMID: 38430964 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical managers have been encouraged to look to acquisitions and alliances for innovation. However, the literature warns that the capacity of a company to 'absorb' new knowledge is limited. Here, we introduce corporate divestitures as a tool for freeing up managerial attention. We build a sample of 349 companies, which announced 1784 divestitures and filed 63523 patents, over a 15-year period. We show that innovating companies that divest more produce more and improved patents, and those that divest to create corporate focus also produce more breakthroughs. In doing so, we introduce divestitures as an innovation tool, highlight the importance of the absorptive capacity of a company when discussing innovation, and add nuance to the discussion on external tools for innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Killian J McCarthy
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen School of Management, Institute for Management Research, Heyendaalsweg 141, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, the Netherlands; Kyiv School of Economics, Mykoly Shpaka St, 3, Kyiv 02000, Ukraine.
| | - Rick H L Aalbers
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen School of Management, Institute for Management Research, Heyendaalsweg 141, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, the Netherlands
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Chen Y, He Q, Wang T. How Labor Costs Affect Innovation Output in Pharmaceutical Companies: Evidence from China. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2024; 61:469580241246965. [PMID: 38726640 PMCID: PMC11085004 DOI: 10.1177/00469580241246965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Existing literature generally suggests that rising labor costs lead to the substitution of capital for labor, prompting firms to save on labor costs through technological upgrades. However, as a typical human capital-intensive industry, the pharmaceutical sector finds it challenging to replace labor with capital through the introduction of advanced equipment. Therefore, compared to other industries, the pharmaceutical sector faces greater adverse impacts. Research on how pharmaceutical R&D behavior is influenced by labor costs is scarce. This paper analyzes the triple effects of rising labor costs on corporate innovation from the perspectives of human capital, physical capital, and financial capital. Based on empirical research using data from Chinese listed companies, we found that an increase in labor costs promotes innovation output in the pharmaceutical sector, but this effect is more pronounced in other sectors. Financing constraints play a negative role on corporate innovation in the pharmaceutical sector, while it is not significant in the other sectors. Factor substitution play a positive effect on corporate innovation in the other sectors, which is invalid in the pharmaceutical sector. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the unique mechanisms by which labor costs impact innovation activities in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiankun He
- Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Negoro T, Okura H, Hayashi S, Arai T, Matsuyama A. Poor Result Reporting Rate in Cell Therapy Trials Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2023; 29:623-633. [PMID: 37166388 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
As research associates in clinical experiments, we have an obligation to disclose clinical methodologies and findings in full transparency in ethics. However, inadequate disclosure in results reporting clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov has been revealed, with approximately half the trial results not being reported in an applicable manner. Our recent study in clinical trials of regenerative medicine for four kinds of neurological diseases revealed that the rate of result reporting to ClinicalTrials.gov is inadequate for gene and cell therapy (CT) trials. In this path, further curiosity emerged to see what the findings would be if the analysis was conducted for trials in all disease areas, and outcomes if gene therapy (GT) and CT were distinguished in terms. In this study, the scope of analysis was further expanded to include all disease areas, and the drug classification from the AdisInsight database was used for modality classification, with biologic drug trials classified as controls, CT, ex vivo GT, and in vivo GT. To begin, among all interventional clinical trials with registration in the ClinicalTrials.gov registry and with a primary completion between 2010 and 2019, we created a total of 5539 datasets corresponding to trials classified as GT and CT, while biologics (BLG) as controls in the AdisInsight drug classification. The status of reported results of these trials was identified by surveying posting status of ClinicalTrials.gov and publication in journals (PubMed), respectively. Based on the obtained dataset, multivariate analysis was performed on the data on the reporting rate of clinical trial results, aggregated by sponsor, phase, status, and modality (CT, ex vivo GT, in vivo GT, and BLG), respectively. The result shows that CT was identified as an independent factor restraining result reporting ratio in both ClinicalTrials.gov and total disclosures, whereas ex vivo GT as boosting result reporting ratio. Since the result reporting rate of CT results was notably poor, we discussed the causes and solutions in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Negoro
- Center for Reverse Translational Research, Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Habikino City, Japan
- Institute of Innovative Medical Technology, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hanayuki Okura
- Center for Reverse Translational Research, Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Habikino City, Japan
- Institute of Innovative Medical Technology, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Hayashi
- Center for Reverse Translational Research, Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Habikino City, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Arai
- Center for Reverse Translational Research, Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Habikino City, Japan
| | - Akifumi Matsuyama
- Center for Reverse Translational Research, Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Habikino City, Japan
- Institute of Innovative Medical Technology, Osaka, Japan
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Endo Y, Yoshida T, Washijima I, Ueki M, Kikuchi N, Takenaka A, Kawata Y. A Strategic Translational Research System for Drug Discovery in Tottori University. Yonago Acta Med 2023; 66:394-403. [PMID: 38028269 PMCID: PMC10674056 DOI: 10.33160/yam.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The probability of successful drug discovery is declining, and research and development costs are increasing. To solve these problems, pharmaceutical companies tend to in-license seeds from venture companies and academia. Therefore, academia's role in drug discovery is extremely important. Tottori University started a "Next-Generation Research Support Project (Strategic Research Support Project)" in 2020, developing a translational research system to promote drug discovery. In this project, we established a research and development infrastructure, such as seed registration, construction of drug research and development support, and research fund allocation. The registered seed were converted into project, and the project implemented this research and development system, and evaluated and verified its results. Twenty-two seeds were converted into projects and portfolios were constructed. Research funds were allocated to eight prioritized projects. Each project raised the research and development stages. From the overall portfolio, one project with the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) Drug Discovery Booster Project, and three projects with Seeds A of the AMED Translational Research Strategic Promotion Program were adopted. Additionally, a new low-molecular weight chaperone drug against GM1-gangliosidosis was out-licensed to an overseas pharmaceutical company. The strength of this system was the strategic allocation of research funds and the accompanying support that leveraged internal and external resources with the PM and researchers at its core. This system achieved certain results in promoting drug discovery; however, resource optimization of specialized personnel needs to be strengthened in the future. In this report, we summarized the efforts of translational research in Japan and around the world. In addition, the translational research efforts of Japanese academia and Tottori University were compared and the current status was summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Endo
- Organization for Research Institute and Promotion, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan and
| | - Tsutomu Yoshida
- Organization for Research Institute and Promotion, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan and
| | - Ichiro Washijima
- Organization for Research Institute and Promotion, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan and
| | - Masaru Ueki
- Organization for Research Institute and Promotion, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan and
| | - Noriyoshi Kikuchi
- Organization for Research Institute and Promotion, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takenaka
- Organization for Research Institute and Promotion, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan and
| | - Yasushi Kawata
- Organization for Research Institute and Promotion, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
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Schuhmacher A, Hinder M, von Stegmann Und Stein A, Hartl D, Gassmann O. Analysis of pharma R&D productivity - a new perspective needed. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103726. [PMID: 37506762 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
R&D productivity continues to be the industry's grand challenge. We analyzed the R&D input, output, and outcome of 16 leading research-based pharmaceutical companies over 20 years (2001-2020). Our analysis shows that pharma companies increased their R&D spending at a compound annual growth rate of 6% (2001-2020) to an average R&D expenditure per company of $6.7 billion (2020). The companies in our investigation launched 251 new drugs representing 46% of all CDER-related FDA approvals in the past 20 years. The average R&D efficiency of big pharma was $6.16 billion total R&D expenditures per new drug. Almost half of the leading companies needed to compensate for their negative R&D productivity through mergers and acquisitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schuhmacher
- Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, THI Business School, Esplanade 10, DE-85049 Ingolstadt, Germany; University of St. Gallen, Institute of Technology Management, Dufourstrasse 40a, CH-9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Markus Hinder
- Novartis, Global Drug Development Patient Safety, Forum 1, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Dominik Hartl
- University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Granite Bio, Aeschenvorstadt 36, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Gassmann
- University of St. Gallen, Institute of Technology Management, Dufourstrasse 40a, CH-9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Rake B, Sengupta K, Lewin L, Sandström A, McKelvey M. Doing science together: Gaining momentum from long-term explorative university-industry research programs. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103687. [PMID: 37356615 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
'Doing science together' collaborations are a more intense form of university-industry interactions and are characterized by a mutual involvement and active participation of academic and company scientists in scientific research. Here, we examine the successful approach that AstraZeneca and its internationally renowned academic partners, Karolinska Institutet and Uppsala University, implemented to fully unlock the potential of all parties in long-term, explorative, truly collaborative research programs. The underlying premises of these successful research programs are three collaborative governance mechanisms (3MCs) that are required that leverage the strengths of each organization: mutual collaboration; mutually beneficial science; and a mutual governance model with senior management involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Rake
- School of Business, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co Kildare, Ireland; Gothenburg U-GOT KIES Centre, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Kaushik Sengupta
- Alliance Management, Business Development, Licensing and Strategy (BDL&S), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Lewin
- Faculty Office and International Relations, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Sandström
- Global Corporate Affairs, AstraZeneca, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maureen McKelvey
- Department of Economy & Society, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Gothenburg U-GOT KIES Centre, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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11
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Yu C, E R, Zhang XW, Hu WQ, Bao G, Li Y, Liu Y, He Z, Li J, Ma W, Mou LY, Wang R, Sun W. NaClO-Mediated Cross Installation of Indoles and Azoles Benefits Anticancer Hit Discovery. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202200651. [PMID: 36585386 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Innovations in synthetic chemistry have a profound impact on the drug discovery process, and will always be a necessary driver of drug development. As a result, it is of significance to develop novel simple and effective synthetic installation of medicinal modules to promote drug discovery. Herein, we have developed a NaClO-mediated cross installation of indoles and azoles, both of which are frequently encountered in drugs and natural products. This effective toolbox provides a convenient synthetic route to access a library of N-linked 2-(azol-1-yl) indole derivatives, and can be used for late-stage modification of drugs, natural products and peptides. Moreover, biological screening of the library has revealed that several adducts showed promising anticancer activities against A549 and NCI-H1975 cells, which give us a hit for anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Ruiyao E
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Qian Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Bao
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Yiping Li
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan He
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Jingyue Li
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Wen Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Yun Mou
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, P. R. China
| | - Wangsheng Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
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12
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Yashiro K, Lim Y, Sengoku S, Kodama K. Recent trends in interorganizational deal networks in pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103483. [PMID: 36584874 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
While there have been trends in drug discovery from small molecules to new chemical modalities since the large mergers and acquisitions (M&A) of pharmaceutical companies in the late 2000s, trends in interorganizational deal networks have not been well addressed. We investigated the changing trends in interorganizational deals in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. The results demonstrated that there have been changing trends, including a growing number of spinouts from academia and M&A in the United States and Europe. These findings indicates that the traditional network in which large pharmaceutical companies drove drug discovery output has changed, and interorganizational deals among diverse players have become more active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Yashiro
- Graduate School of Technology Management, Ritsumeikan University, Osaka 567-8570, Japan
| | - Yeongjoo Lim
- Faculty of Business Administration, Ritsumeikan University, Osaka 567-8570, Japan
| | - Shintaro Sengoku
- School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Kota Kodama
- Graduate School of Technology Management, Ritsumeikan University, Osaka 567-8570, Japan; Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, The Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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13
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Nishida Y, Kodama K, Sengoku S. The gap between development and manufacturing in gene therapy: Strategic options for overcoming traps. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103429. [PMID: 36334648 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy has been one of the most promising therapeutic approaches in recent years. This study analyzed a research and development (R&D) system for adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapies, and confirmed that there was a gap between the development and manufacturing capabilities. Although a start-up company that has no academic or manufacturing facilities can begin the clinical development process, it cannot successfully continue development activities without forming alliances and capital investment or, at a certain stage, without appropriate manufacturing and marketing strategies. We reviewed a series of case studies to categorize the acquisition patterns of pharmaceutical companies that are engaged in AAV gene therapy. These results provide insights into the R&D structures for AAV gene therapies from a technological management perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Nishida
- Department of Innovation Science, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Kodama
- Graduate School of Technology Management, Ritsumeikan Uuniversity, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shintaro Sengoku
- Department of Innovation Science, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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14
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Ackloo S, Antolin AA, Bartolome JM, Beck H, Bullock A, Betz UAK, Böttcher J, Brown PJ, Chaturvedi M, Crisp A, Daniels D, Dreher J, Edfeldt K, Edwards AM, Egner U, Elkins J, Fischer C, Glendorf T, Goldberg S, Hartung IV, Hillisch A, Homan E, Knapp S, Köster M, Krämer O, Llaveria J, Lessel U, Lindemann S, Linderoth L, Matsui H, Michel M, Montel F, Mueller-Fahrnow A, Müller S, Owen DR, Saikatendu KS, Santhakumar V, Sanderson W, Scholten C, Schapira M, Sharma S, Shireman B, Sundström M, Todd MH, Tredup C, Venable J, Willson TM, Arrowsmith CH. Target 2035 – an update on private sector contributions. RSC Med Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2md00441k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Target 2035, an international federation of biomedical scientists from the public and private sectors, is leveraging ‘open’ principles to develop a pharmacological tool for every human protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Ackloo
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Albert A. Antolin
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Hartmut Beck
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Alex Bullock
- Center for Medicines Discovery, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | | | - Jark Böttcher
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter J. Brown
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Menorca Chaturvedi
- Boehringer Ingelheim International, Binger Str. 173, D-55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Alisa Crisp
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Danette Daniels
- Foghorn Therapeutics, 500 Technology Square, Suite 700, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jan Dreher
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kristina Edfeldt
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aled M. Edwards
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Ursula Egner
- Nuvisan Innovation Campus Berlin GmbH, Müllerstraße 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jon Elkins
- Center for Medicines Discovery, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Christian Fischer
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Tine Glendorf
- Research & Early Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Steven Goldberg
- Janssen Research and Development LLC, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ingo V. Hartung
- Medicinal Chemistry, Global R&D, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Alexander Hillisch
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Evert Homan
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium, BMLS, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Markus Köster
- Boehringer Ingelheim International, Binger Str. 173, D-55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Oliver Krämer
- Boehringer Ingelheim International, Binger Str. 173, D-55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Josep Llaveria
- A Division of Janssen-Cilag S.A., Janssen Research and Development, Toledo, Spain
| | - Uta Lessel
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Str. 65, D-88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | | | - Lars Linderoth
- Research & Early Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Hisanori Matsui
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Maurice Michel
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Florian Montel
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Str. 65, D-88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | | | - Susanne Müller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium, BMLS, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Dafydd R. Owen
- Discovery Network Group, Pfizer Medicine Design, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kumar Singh Saikatendu
- Global Research Externalization, Takeda California, Inc., 9625 Towne Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | | | - Wendy Sanderson
- Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica N. V, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Cora Scholten
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthieu Schapira
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Sujata Sharma
- Janssen Research and Development LLC, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Brock Shireman
- Janssen Research and Development LLC, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Michael Sundström
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthew H. Todd
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Claudia Tredup
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium, BMLS, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Jennifer Venable
- Janssen Research and Development LLC, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Timothy M. Willson
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Cheryl H. Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
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