Jayashree K, Senthilkumar GP, Vadivelan M, Parameswaran S. Circulating 18-Glycosyl Hydrolase Protein Chitiotriosidase-1 is Associated with Renal Dysfunction and Systemic Inflammation in Diabetic Kidney Disease.
Int J Appl Basic Med Res 2023;
13:159-167. [PMID:
38023595 PMCID:
PMC10666838 DOI:
10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_42_23]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Chitotriosidase-1 (CHIT-1) is a marker of macrophage activation and recently attributed to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its role in the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has been sparsely discussed in the recent literature.
Materials and Methods
In this cross-sectional exploratory study, 81 participants with T2DM were classified into two groups based on the presence of DKD. Their anthropometric, biochemical, and pathological profiles were estimated. Circulatory CHIT-1 concentration was determined using the enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) in plasma.
Results
CHIT-1 was significantly elevated in diabetic nephropathy, independent of age and gender. It is associated with severity of kidney disease, as assessed using urinary protein-creatinine ratio (uPCR) in a multiple linear regression model, independent of age, gender, diabetes duration, and insulin resistance. CHIT-1 positively predicted the likelihood of DKD in the study population (area under the curve = 0.724, P < 0.05). The duration of diabetes correlated positively with uPCR and negatively with estimated glomerular-filtration rate. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio was elevated in participants with DKD. This well-established marker of systemic inflammation exhibited significant positive association with CHIT-1.
Conclusion
Plasma CHIT-1 protein is elevated in DKD and associated with disease progression. It is capable of reflecting disease severity and is closely related to systemic inflammation possibly caused by pro-inflammatory circulatory immune cells.
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