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The Associations between Caregivers' Emotional and Instrumental Feeding, Children's Emotional Eating, and Children's Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084439. [PMID: 35457306 PMCID: PMC9028148 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
High consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) increases the risks of non-communicable diseases and all-cause mortality in adulthood, and the risk of early childhood caries. Limited evidence about factors influencing children's consumption of UPF exists. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of UPF consumption among children less than three years of age, and identify its associations with caregivers' emotional and instrumental feeding, and children's emotional eating. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China. Caregivers caring for children aged 6-36 months (n = 408) were recruited. Caregivers' emotional and instrumental feeding practices and children's emotional eating were assessed by the Parents' Feeding Practices Scale for Infant and Young Child and Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, respectively. Children's UPF consumption was assessed by a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Of the children, 86.8% consumed UPF. The highest percentage of UPF consumed was pastries (63.5%), followed by solid or semi-solid dairy products (58.8%), and reconstituted meat products (56.4%). Caregivers' emotional and instrumental feeding was positively associated with children's consumption of UPF (OR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.01, 2.49), a higher frequency of UPF consumption weekly (OR = 1.80, 95%CI: 1.35, 2.39), and a larger amount of UPF consumption weekly (OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.38, 2.49). Children's higher frequency of emotional undereating was associated with their UPF consumption (OR = 1.61, 95%CI: 1.07, 2.42) and a higher frequency of UPF consumption weekly (OR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.73). Children's emotional undereating significantly mediated the associations between caregivers' emotional and instrumental feeding and children's consumption of reconstituted meat products. Caregivers should be educated to avoid emotional and instrumental feeding practices, and cultivate children's good eating habits to improve children's diet quality.
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Carr KA, Epstein LH. Choice is relative: Reinforcing value of food and activity in obesity treatment. AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020; 75:139-151. [PMID: 32052990 PMCID: PMC7313531 DOI: 10.1037/amp0000521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Persons with obesity find high-energy-dense food and sedentary behaviors highly reinforcing. Diets and exercise programs deprive individuals of many favorite foods and activities, which can counterproductively heighten their value and lead to relapse. Since the value of reinforcers depend on the alternatives available, one approach to reducing food and sedentary activity reinforcement is to build healthy alternative reinforcers. Current behavioral treatment programs for children and adults do not attempt to build alternative reinforcers as substitutes for unhealthy behaviors to reduce the impact of food or activity deprivation on the motivation to eat or be inactive. A goal of the next generation of obesity treatment programs should focus on development of healthy behaviors as reinforcers so that people will be motivated to engage in them. This article provides an overview of relationships among reinforcers, how understanding substitutes and complements can influence eating and activity, and how enriching a person's environment and providing choice architecture can enhance weight control. Ideas for translation of these basic behavioral economic principles to obesity treatment programs are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn A Carr
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo
| | - Leonard H Epstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo
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Griauzde DH, Kieffer EC, Domoff SE, Hess K, Feinstein S, Frank A, Pike D, Pesch MH. The influence of social media on child feeding practices and beliefs among Hispanic mothers: A mixed methods study. Eat Behav 2020; 36:101361. [PMID: 31923649 PMCID: PMC8005295 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) To identify factors that influence child feeding practices and beliefs among Hispanic mothers in a low-income community; (2) to describe the use of social media, other internet websites, and text messaging among Hispanic mothers; and (3) to explore mothers' perceptions of social media and/or text messaging interventions to prevent childhood obesity. METHODS Mixed methods descriptive study with a sequential explanatory design. Hispanic mothers (N = 66) from Detroit, Michigan with children between 6 and 36 months of age completed surveys regarding their child feeding practices, the source (s) influencing these practices, and their use of social media, internet, and text messaging. During qualitative interviews (N = 19), we explored mothers' use of social media and internet websites to find child health information as well as mothers' perspectives on social media/internet/text messaging interventions to promote child health. RESULTS Most survey respondents were between the ages of 20 and 39 years. One-third of mothers breastfed their child for >6 months; 68% did not introduce solids until their child was older than 6 months. The majority (96%) owned a cellphone; 75% used social media at least once daily. Few mothers indicated that social media and other internet websites influenced their child feeding decisions. During qualitative interviews (N = 19), almost all mothers expressed interest in social media and/or text messaging as a tool to communicate information regarding child health and feeding. CONCLUSIONS Hispanic mothers had high rates of social media use and most desired social media/internet/text messaging interventions to promote child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina H Griauzde
- Ann Arbor VA Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Edith C Kieffer
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sarah E Domoff
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Kristen Hess
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Amy Frank
- Community Health and Social Services (CHASS) Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Denise Pike
- Community Health and Social Services (CHASS) Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Megan H Pesch
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Wong S, Kong KL, Buchholz AC, Haines J. The reinforcing value of food and non-food alternative: Associations with BMI z-score and percent fat mass. Eat Behav 2019; 34:101316. [PMID: 31419769 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence of an association between the relative reinforcing value of food (RRVF; how hard a child is willing to work for a food versus a non-food reinforcer) and weight across many life stages, but few studies have examined this association among preschool age children. This study investigated the association between the RRVF (measured as the food reinforcing ratio (FRR)) and body mass index (BMI) z-score and percent fat mass (%FM), in 3 year-old children. The sample was comprised of 33 children who were 3 years of age (36-47 months). Children selected their favourite food reinforcer (cookie) and non-food (audiobook) reinforcer to be used in the FRR task, which was delivered using a sequential progressive fixed ratio reward schedule. Child height, weight and percent body fat using bioelectrical impedance analysis were assessed by trained research staff. Linear regression analyses showed that FRR was significantly and positively associated with BMI z-scores. FRR was not significantly associated with %FM. Findings from this study support the RRVF as a potential risk factor in the development of childhood obesity. Longitudinal research involving larger sample sizes would strengthen future research exploring associations between RRVF and body composition in preschool age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Wong
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Kai Ling Kong
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main St., G56M Farber Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214-3000, USA.
| | - Andrea C Buchholz
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Pesch MH, Munzer T, Pont CM, Lauer CS, Appugliese DP. Donuts on our daughters: Gender differences in food categories on children's apparel. Eat Behav 2019; 34:101303. [PMID: 31154152 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent trends in children's fashion have featured food-graphics on children's apparel. Little attention has been paid to the food-graphic content of children's apparel. The objectives of this study were to describe and quantify food-graphics appearing on children's apparel, to examine characteristics of children's apparel items associated with the presence versus absence of food-graphics, and to examine gender differences in food-graphics. METHODS A content analysis of food-graphics on children's apparel from major apparel retailer websites was performed. Images of food-graphic apparel were reliably coded for food-graphic categories. Multivariable analyses examined the association of apparel item characteristics with food-graphic presence. Bivariate analyses tested the association of presence or absence of each food category with gender of apparel item. RESULTS Of the 3870 apparel items coded, 8.2% (318) had food-graphics. In multivariable analysis, food-graphics were more likely to be present on girls' (versus boys') apparel (RR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.34-2.12). Content analysis of food-graphic items revealed categories including "pastries", "frozen desserts", "pizza", "fast food", "fruit", and "love of food". Girls' (versus boys') food-graphic apparel was more likely to have categories of "pastries" (33% versus 12%), "frozen desserts" (20% versus 9%), and "fruit" (30% versus 11%) and less likely to have categories of "pizza" (9% versus 30%), and "fast food" (3% versus 23%). The "love of food" category did not differ by gender. All p-values ≤.01. CONCLUSIONS Food-graphics on children's apparel are fairly common, especially on apparel marketed for girls. Children's apparel may represent a novel cultural influence on children's eating and food perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan H Pesch
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 300 N. Ingalls Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Tiffany Munzer
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 1540 E. Hospital Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Cassidy M Pont
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Clare S Lauer
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 300 N. Ingalls Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Tang L, Darlington G, Ma DWL, Haines J. Mothers' and fathers' media parenting practices associated with young children's screen-time: a cross-sectional study. BMC OBESITY 2018; 5:37. [PMID: 30524742 PMCID: PMC6276169 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-018-0214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background A major contributor to the growing obesity crisis is screen based sedentary behaviour among young children. Media parenting practices may be an important determinant of children’s screen time, however published research exploring the influence of parenting practices on children’s screen time has mainly focused on children’s television use and the parenting practices of the mother. This study examined children’s use of mobile media devices (as well as television use) and included the role of fathers in media parenting, allowing a fuller understanding of the role mothers’ and fathers’ media parenting practices play on children’s screen time in the current media environment. Methods Secondary data analysis was conducted using data from 62 children between 1.5 and 5 years of age and their parents (39 mothers, 25 fathers), who were part of the Guelph Family Health Study - phase 2 pilot. Linear regression using generalized estimating equations was used to examine associations between media parenting practices and children’s weekday and weekend screen-time. Results Mothers’ screen-time modeling, mealtime screen use, and use of screens to control behaviour were positively associated with children’s weekday screen-time. Mothers’ practices of monitoring screen-time and limiting screen-time were inversely associated with children’s weekday screen-time. Fathers’ mealtime screen use was positively associated with children’s weekday screen-time; whereas fathers’ monitoring screen-time and limiting setting were inversely associated with children’s weekday screen-time. Fathers’ modeling and use of screens to control behaviour was not significantly associated with children’s weekday screen time. While most associations were similar for weekend day screen time there were a few differences: Fathers’ use of screens to control behaviour was positively associated with children’s weekend screen-time. Mothers’ and fathers’ modeling and mealtime screen use were not significantly associated with children’s weekend screen time. Conclusion Mothers’ and fathers’ media parenting practices were associated with children’s screen-time. Interventions aimed at reducing children’s screen-time should address both mothers’ and fathers’ media parenting practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Tang
- 1Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON Canada
| | - Gerarda Darlington
- 2Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON Canada
| | - David W L Ma
- 3Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON Canada
| | - Jess Haines
- 1Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON Canada
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Goldthorpe J, Ali N, Calam R. Providing healthy diets for young children: the experience of parents in a UK inner city. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2018; 13:1490623. [PMID: 29989497 PMCID: PMC6041821 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2018.1490623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is a consistent body of evidence to demonstrate that obesity in very early childhood tends to continue into adolescence and through to adulthood. Parental practices in relation to food can have an effect on this trajectory, however existing studies reporting on interventions for treating obesity suggest there is a need to involve populations from demographically diverse backgrounds childhood obesity research. DESIGN/METHODS A qualitative study was carried out using semi-structured interviews with parents in a deprived inner city area. RESULTS Although parents had good intentions towards providing a health diet for their chidren, a number of barriers emerged. Findings were reported in relation to the following themes: information and education; barriers (having a child with special needs, children's food preferences and using food to promote desirable behaviour) and techniques (household rules & routines, setting limits and parameters, modelling and food preparation). CONCLUSION Parents and carers would benefit from targeted interventions based on improving techniques around food parenting practices, with a focus on equipping parents with the skills to overcome barriers encountered not only in early childhood, but as children progress to school age and through to adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Goldthorpe
- Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nazneen Ali
- Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachel Calam
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Using food as a reward: An examination of parental reward practices. Appetite 2017; 120:318-326. [PMID: 28951237 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Eating patterns and taste preferences are often established early in life. Many studies have examined how parental feeding practices may affect children's outcomes, including food intake and preference. The current study focused on a common food parenting practice, using food as a reward, and used Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to examine whether mothers (n = 376) and fathers (n = 117) of children ages 2.8 to 7.5 (M = 4.7; SD = 1.1) grouped into profiles (i.e., subgroups) based on how they use of food as a reward. The 4-class model was the best-fitting LPA model, with resulting classes based on both the frequency and type of reward used. Classes were: infrequent reward (33%), tangible reward (21%), food reward (27%), and frequent reward (19%). The current study also explored whether children's eating styles (emotional overeating, rood fussiness, food responsiveness, and satiety responsiveness) and parenting style (Authoritative, Authoritarian, and Permissive) varied by reward profile. Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) revealed that the four profiles differed significantly for all outcome variables except satiety responsiveness. It appears that the use of tangible and food-based rewards have important implications in food parenting. More research is needed to better understand how the different rewarding practices affect additional child outcomes.
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Opalinski AS, Dyess SM, Gropper SS. Food culture of faith communities and potential impact on childhood obesity. Public Health Nurs 2017. [PMID: 28635022 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the food culture within faith communities (FC) in order to examine the consumption of away-from-home foods, and to provide an evidence base for the future development of healthy away-from-home meal initiatives though FCs. DESIGN AND SAMPLE A qualitative descriptive design informed by an ethnographic method of free listing was utilized. A purposive sample of 34 FC leaders from seven distinct FCs participated in this study. RESULTS The top five salience scores for five research questions are considered in detail. Of note, food is provided at multiple FC events including at worship time and Bible or group study, but also as part of school, youth programming, and special events. The purposes of serving food were reported to be not only for modes of entertainment and fellowship but also for promoting attendance and providing basic nutrition needs. CONCLUSIONS Professionals practicing in public health, faith community nursing, or in community health nursing are apt to engage in focused dialogues regarding the multidimensional health problem of childhood obesity. This research study directs nurses to consider food culture as a dimension of importance, especially within FCs. Appreciating FC food culture is important because many families engage in the settings for years, decades, and possibly a life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andra S Opalinski
- Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Susan M Dyess
- Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Sareen S Gropper
- Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
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Moore DA, Goodwin TL, Brocklehurst PR, Armitage CJ, Glenny AM. When Are Caregivers More Likely to Offer Sugary Drinks and Snacks to Infants? A Qualitative Thematic Synthesis. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2017; 27:74-88. [PMID: 27956658 DOI: 10.1177/1049732316673341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Many children consume more sugar than is recommended, and caregivers often find it difficult to change this habit once established. This thematic synthesis aims to identify the "critical situations" where caregivers may be more likely to offer infants sugary drinks and snacks. This thematic synthesis is reported in accordance with the statement for enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research (ENTREQ). Our confidence in the findings of our synthesis was assessed using the CERQual (Confidence in the Evidence From Reviews of Qualitative Research Approach). We included 16 studies from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Denmark. We identified eight "critical situations" when caregivers may be more likely to offer sugary drinks and snacks to infants. Interventions that seek to reduce sugar intake for caries prevention in infants and young children may be more successful if they provide caregivers with practical parenting strategies to replace the nonnutritive functions of sugary foods and drinks, as opposed to taking an information-giving approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Anne Moore
- University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Lloyd Goodwin
- University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Dalle Molle R, Fatemi H, Dagher A, Levitan RD, Silveira PP, Dubé L. Gene and environment interaction: Is the differential susceptibility hypothesis relevant for obesity? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 73:326-339. [PMID: 28024828 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The differential susceptibility model states that a given genetic variant is associated with an increased risk of pathology in negative environments but greater than average resilience in enriched ones. While this theory was first implemented in psychiatric-genetic research, it may also help us to unravel the complex ways that genes and environments interact to influence feeding behavior and obesity. We reviewed evidence on gene vs. environment interactions that influence obesity development, aiming to support the applicability of the differential susceptibility model for this condition, and propose that various environmental "layers" relevant for human development should be considered when bearing the differential susceptibility model in mind. Mother-child relationship, socioeconomic status and individual's response are important modifiers of BMI and food intake when interacting with gene variants, "for better and for worse". While only a few studies to date have investigated obesity outcomes using this approach, we propose that the differential susceptibility hypothesis is in fact highly applicable to the study of genetic and environmental influences on feeding behavior and obesity risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Dalle Molle
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill Center for the Convergence of Health and Economics, McGill University, Bronfman Building, 1001 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC H3A 1G5, Canada; McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
| | - Hajar Fatemi
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill Center for the Convergence of Health and Economics, McGill University, Bronfman Building, 1001 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC H3A 1G5, Canada
| | - Alain Dagher
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Robert D Levitan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto and Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 100 Stokes Street, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Patricia P Silveira
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Douglas Institute, Perry Pavilion, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Laurette Dubé
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill Center for the Convergence of Health and Economics, McGill University, Bronfman Building, 1001 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC H3A 1G5, Canada
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Kao CC, Lin LC, Wu SC, Lin KN, Liu CK. Effectiveness of different memory training programs on improving hyperphagic behaviors of residents with dementia: a longitudinal single-blind study. Clin Interv Aging 2016; 11:707-20. [PMID: 27307717 PMCID: PMC4887047 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s102027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperphagia increases eating-associated risks for people with dementia and distress for caregivers. The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term effectiveness of spaced retrieval (SR) training and SR training combined with Montessori activities (SR + M) for improving hyperphagic behaviors of special care unit residents with dementia. METHODS The study enrolled patients with dementia suffering from hyperphagia resident in eight institutions and used a cluster-randomized single-blind design, with 46 participants in the SR group, 49 in the SR + M group, and 45 participants in the control group. For these three groups, trained research assistants collected baseline data on hyperphagic behavior, pica, changes in eating habits, short meal frequency, and distress to caregivers. The SR and SR + M groups underwent memory training over a 6-week training period (30 sessions), and a generalized estimating equation was used to compare data of all the three groups of subjects obtained immediately after the training period and at follow-ups 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months later. RESULTS Results showed that the hyperphagic and pica behaviors of both the SR and SR + M groups were significantly improved (P<0.001) and that the effect lasted for 3 months after training. The improvement of fast eating was significantly superior in the SR + M group than in the SR group. The improvement in distress to caregivers in both intervention groups lasted only until the posttest. Improvement in changes in eating habits of the two groups was not significantly different from that of the control group. CONCLUSION SR and SR + M training programs can improve hyperphagic behavior of patients with dementia. The SR + M training program is particularly beneficial for the improvement of rapid eating. Caregivers can choose a suitable memory training program according to the eating problems of their residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Chun Kao
- Department of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chan Lin
- Institute of Clinical Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Chi Wu
- Institute of Health and Welfare Policy, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ker-Neng Lin
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Kuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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