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McKenney KM, Culhane JF, Son M, Burris HH, Handley SC, Greenspan J, Dysart K. Severe Maternal Morbidity in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2024:101448. [PMID: 39095022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2024.101448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M McKenney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
| | - Jennifer F Culhane
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Moeun Son
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Heather H Burris
- Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sara C Handley
- Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jay Greenspan
- Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kevin Dysart
- Division of Neonatology, Nemours duPont Pediatrics, Philadelphia, PA
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Atkins P, Tomlinson G, Feig DS. The presence of polycystic ovary syndrome increases the risk of maternal but not neonatal complications in women with type 2 diabetes in pregnancy. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3713. [PMID: 37679943 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Our aims were, in the setting of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in pregnancy, to investigate the association of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with perinatal outcomes and to examine whether treatment with metformin had a differential effect in those with and without PCOS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study using the metformin in women with type 2 diabetes in pregnancy (MiTy) trial data. We examined differences in maternal and neonatal outcomes among MiTy participants with and without PCOS using linear and logistic regression to adjust for potential confounders. We additionally examined the relative difference in the effect of metformin treatment on pregnancy outcomes among MiTy participants with PCOS versus those without PCOS. RESULTS Among women with T2DM in pregnancy, PCOS was significantly associated with higher excess gestational weight gain (unadjusted 12.0 vs. 11.4 kg, adjusted mean difference 2.1 kg [0.3, 3.9], p = 0.021) and higher total insulin dose at 34-36 weeks (unadjusted 172 vs. 124 units per day, adjusted mean difference 44 units [15, 73], p = 0.004), but no difference was seen in neonatal outcomes. Unlike the non-PCOS subgroup, metformin treatment versus placebo in the PCOS subgroup was associated with an increase in extremely large-for-gestational-age infants (28.6 vs. 14.0%, p = 0.008 for interaction) and an increase in worsened pre-existing maternal hypertension (16.7 vs. 4.5%, p = 0.046 for interaction). CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should be alerted to the potential for high insulin requirements and excess weight gain in pregnant patients with T2DM and comorbid PCOS. Moreover, metformin may not be as beneficial in this population as previously understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Atkins
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Sinai Health System, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - George Tomlinson
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denice S Feig
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Sinai Health System, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Zhang L, Yin CQ, Sun SJ, Teng XQ, Li DY, Sun J, Cui YY. Effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on the outcomes of in vitro fertilization in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35489. [PMID: 37800751 PMCID: PMC10553160 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of comprehensive nursing intervention on in vitro fertilization (IVF) and pregnancy outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHOD A total of 130 patients with PCOS admitted to our hospital from April 2021 to March 2023 were selected as the research subjects. They were evenly divided according to a random number table method. The control group received routine care for the patients, while the study group received comprehensive care for the patients. The IVF, pregnancy outcomes, negative emotional changes, serum and follicular fluid (FF) amyloid-related protein and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels of the 2 groups of patients were compared. RESULT The data on IVF rate and pregnancy rate in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group (P < .05). The SAS and SDS scores of the study group patients after intervention were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < .05). After intervention, the levels of serum and FF amyloid associated protein and CRP in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < .05). CONCLUSION Patients with PCOS who receive comprehensive care can increase their probability of IVF, improve their pregnancy outcomes, and have a positive significance in reducing negative emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Cao-Qing Yin
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Shi-Jie Sun
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xue-Qin Teng
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Dong-Yan Li
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Sun
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan-Yong Cui
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Dezhou University, Dezhou, Shandong, China
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Dou Q, Ma LY, Li PF, Xu XT, Yu G, Zhang D, Xiang YG, Tan L. The influence of polycystic ovary syndrome on abortion rate after in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection fresh cycle pregnancy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5978. [PMID: 37045897 PMCID: PMC10097689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32988-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many reports on clinical pregnancy outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients receiving vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), but little research about abortion has been done and there is a debate on whether the abortion risk increases in PCOS patients receiving IVF/ICSI. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigated the abortion in PCOS patients. Clinical data of 12055 IVF/ICSI fresh cycles performed in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2020 were collected. Based on the Rotterdam diagnostic criteria of PCOS and after propensity score matching (PSM) for baseline data of clinical pregnancy cycles, matched 599 PCOS (PCOS group) and Non-PCOS (non-PCOS group) cycles were obtained. Abortion and abortion-related outcomes were compared between the two groups. Risk factors for late abortion in twins were analyzed using binary Logistics regression. Post-PSM data showed that the late abortion rate was significantly higher in the PCOS group than in the non-PCOS group only in twin pregnancy (9.50% vs. 3.96%, OR: 2.55, 95%CI 1.10-5.89). There were no statistical differences in other pregnancy outcomes. The etiological distribution for late abortion were not statistically different between the two groups in both singletons and twins. Logistics regression indicated that PCOS and obesity [pregnancy-assisted body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28] were risk factors for late abortion in twin pregnancy. In twin pregnancy, PCOS and obese patients are more likely to have late abortion. In twin pregnancy, the late abortion risk significantly increased in the PCOS patients as compared with non-PCOS patients (OR: 2.59, 95%CI 1.11-6.03, P < 0.05), as well as in the patients with obesity (BMI ≥ 28) as compared with the patients with normal BMI (OR: 4.17, 95%CI 1.59-10.90, P < 0.05). PCOS does not significantly affect early and overall late abortion rates after IVF/ICSI fresh cycle pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Dou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2, Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Li-Ying Ma
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2, Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Peng-Fen Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2, Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Xu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2, Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Guo Yu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2, Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2, Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Yun-Gai Xiang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2, Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2, Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, China.
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Paschou SA, Bletsa E, Papazisi M, Mili N, Kanouta F, Kassi GN, Psaltopoulou T, Goulis DG, Lambrinoudaki I. Screening and management of major endocrinopathies during pregnancy: an update. Endocrine 2023; 80:10-19. [PMID: 36327019 PMCID: PMC10060311 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Endocrinopathies during pregnancy constitute a challenging issue, being prevalent and requiring appropriate management to avoid maternal and fetal complications. This review aims to summarize and present major endocrine problems during pregnancy, the appropriate screening, maternal monitoring and management, fetal monitoring, and follow-up. Glucose metabolism, thyroid function, as well as calcium and vitamin D metabolism are the main endocrine domains that should be screened and monitored during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most prevalent endocrine disease during pregnancy, followed by thyroid disorders. Specific recommendations are provided for the optimal clinical care of pregnant women and their offspring for GDM, thyroid disorders, and calcium and vitamin D disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula A Paschou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Evanthia Bletsa
- Third Department of Cardiology, Sotiria Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Papazisi
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikoletta Mili
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Fotini Kanouta
- Department of Endocrinology, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia N Kassi
- Department of Endocrinology, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Psaltopoulou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Irene Lambrinoudaki
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Zhou J, Jiang Z, Fu L, Qu F, Dai M, Xie N, Zhang S, Wang F. Contribution of labor related gene subtype classification on heterogeneity of polycystic ovary syndrome. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282292. [PMID: 36857354 PMCID: PMC9977056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is highly heterogeneous with varied clinical features and diverse gestational complications among individuals. The patients with PCOS have 2-fold higher risk of preterm labor which is associated with substantial infant morbidity and mortality and great socioeconomic cost. The study was designated to identify molecular subtypes and the related hub genes to facilitate the susceptibility assessment of preterm labor in women with PCOS. METHODS Four mRNA datasets (GSE84958, GSE5090, GSE43264 and GSE98421) were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Twenty-eight candidate genes related to preterm labor or labor were yielded from the researches and our unpublished data. Then, we utilized unsupervised clustering to identify molecular subtypes in PCOS based on the expression of above candidate genes. Key modules were generated with weighted gene co-expression network analysis R package, and their hub genes were generated with CytoHubba. The probable biological function and mechanism were explored through Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. In addition, STRING and Cytoscape software were used to identify the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the molecular complex detection (MCODE) was used to identify the hub genes. Then the overlapping hub genes were predicted. RESULTS Two molecular subtypes were found in women with PCOS based on the expression similarity of preterm labor or labor-related genes, in which two modules were highlighted. The key modules and PPI network have five overlapping five hub genes, two of which, GTF2F2 and MYO6 gene, were further confirmed by the comparison between clustering subgroups according to the expression of hub genes. CONCLUSIONS Distinct PCOS molecular subtypes were identified with preterm labor or labor-related genes, which might uncover the potential mechanism underlying heterogeneity of clinical pregnancy complications in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leyi Fu
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Qu
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minchen Dai
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ningning Xie
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (FW); (SZ)
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (FW); (SZ)
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Yang ST, Liu CH, Ma SH, Chang WH, Chen YJ, Lee WL, Wang PH. Association between Pre-Pregnancy Overweightness/Obesity and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159094. [PMID: 35897496 PMCID: PMC9332574 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic problem in women of reproductive age. Evidence suggests pregnant women with PCOS may have a higher risk of the development of adverse pregnancy outcomes; however, the relationship between pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS remains uncertain. We try to clarify the relationship between pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and subsequent pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis. We used the databases obtained from the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases, plus hand-searching, to examine the association between pre-pregnancy overweightness/obesity and pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS from inception to 4 February 2022. A total of 16 cohort studies, including 14 retrospective cohort studies (n = 10,496) and another two prospective cohort studies (n = 818), contributed to a total of 11,314 women for analysis. The meta-analysis showed significantly increased odds of miscarriage rate in PCOS women whose pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is above overweight (OR 1.71 [95% CI 1.38–2.11]) or obese (OR 2.00 [95% CI 1.38–2.90]) under a random effect model. The tests for subgroup difference indicated the increased risk was consistent, regardless which body mass index cut-off for overweight (24 or 25 kg/m2) or obesity (28 and 30 kg/m2) was used. With the same strategies, we found that pregnant women in the control group significantly increased live birth rate compared with those pregnant women with PCOS as well as pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity (OR 0.79 [95% CI 0.71–0.89], OR 0.78 [95% CI 0.67–0.91]). By contrast, we did not find any association between PCOS women with pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and preterm birth. Based on the aforementioned findings, the main critical factor contributing to a worse pregnancy outcome may be an early fetal loss in these PCOS women with pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity. Since PCOS women with pre-pregnancy overweightness/obesity were associated with worse pregnancy outcomes, we supposed that weight reduction before attempting pregnancy in the PCOS women with pre-pregnancy overweightness/obesity may improve the subsequent pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Ting Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (S.-T.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Hao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (S.-T.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Sheng-Hsiang Ma
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsun Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (S.-T.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-H.C.); (P.-H.W.); Tel.: +886-2-28757826 (ext. 340) (W.-H.C.); +886-2-28757566 (P.-H.W.)
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (S.-T.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Ling Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (S.-T.Y.); (C.-H.L.); (Y.-J.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Female Cancer Foundation, Taipei 104, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-H.C.); (P.-H.W.); Tel.: +886-2-28757826 (ext. 340) (W.-H.C.); +886-2-28757566 (P.-H.W.)
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Zhou S, Ji Y, Wang H. The risk factors of gestational hypertension in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a retrospective analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:336. [PMID: 33906610 PMCID: PMC8080329 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03808-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy (HDCP) is common in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), yet the potential influencing factors remained unclear. We aimed to assess the independent risk factors of HDCP in patients with PCOS, to provide clinical evidences for the management of PCOS. METHODS Pregnant PCOS patients treated in our hospital from June 1, 2018 to November 30, 2020 were approached. The personal and clinical characteristics of patients with and without gestational hypertension were evaluated. Logistic regressions were conducted to identify the independent risk factors of HDCP, Receiver operating characteristics (ROC)curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the predicting value. RESULTS A total of 188 PCOS patients were included, the incidence of HDCP in patients with PCOS was 27.66 %. There were significant differences in the age, BMI, family history of hypertension, the history of adverse pregnancy, history of contraceptive pills use and family history of HDCP between HDCP group and no-HDCP group (all p < 0.05), and there were no significant differences in the family history of diabetes, multiple pregnancy and long-term smoking history between HDCP group and no-HDCP group (all p > 0.05). Age ≥ 27y(OR2.048, 95 %CI1.121 ~ 3.208), BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2(OR1.463, 95 %CI1.069 ~ 2.011), family history of hypertension(OR2.129, 95 %CI1.093 ~ 3.042), the history of adverse pregnancy(OR2.435, 95 %CI1.264 ~ 4.085), history of contraceptive pills use(OR3.806, 95 %CI1.184 ~ 6.102), family history of HDCP(OR1.934, 95 %CI1.016 ~ 2.774) were the independent risk factors of HDCP in patients with PCOS (all p < 0.05). ROC curve analyses indicated that those factors had good predictive value on HDCP in PCOS patients. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of HDCP in PCOS patients is relatively high. In clinical practice, medical workers should carry out early prevention and intervention measures for these risk factors to reduce the incidence of HDCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhou
- Department of gynaecology, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yiping Ji
- Department of gynaecology, Lian Shui county People's Hospital, Huai'an, China.
| | - Haimei Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, No.62, Huaihai Road, Jiangsu, 223002, Huai'an, China.
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