1
|
Ma KCK, Redelinghuys S, Gusha MNC, Dyantyi SB, McQuaid CD, Porri F. Intertidal estimates of sea urchin abundance reveal congruence in spatial structure for a guild of consumers. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:11930-11944. [PMID: 34522351 PMCID: PMC8427589 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized congruence in the spatial structure of abundance data sampled across multiple scales for an ecological guild of consumers that exploit similar nutritional and habitat resources. We tested this hypothesis on the spatial organization of abundance of an herbivorous guild of sea urchins. We also examined whether the amount of local along-shore rocky habitat can explain the observed spatial patterns of abundance. Standardized estimates of abundance of four intertidal sea urchins-Diadema cf. savignyi, Echinometra mathaei, Parechinus angulosus, and Stomopneustes variolaris-were determined by six observers at 105 sites across 2,850 km of coast of South Africa. For each species and observer, wavelet analysis was used on abundance estimates, after controlling for potential biases, to examine their spatial structure. The relationship between local sea urchin abundance and the amount of upstream and downstream rocky habitat, as defined by the prevailing ocean current, was also investigated. All species exhibited robust structure at scales of 75-220 km, despite variability among observers. Less robust structure in the abundances of three species was detected at larger scales of 430-898 km. Abundance estimates of sympatric populations of two species (D. cf. savignyi and E. mathaei) were positively correlated with the amount of rocky habitat upstream of the site, suggesting that upstream populations act as larval sources across a wide range of scales. No relationship between abundance and habitat size was found for P. angulosus or S. variolaris. Within the range of scales examined, we found robust congruence in spatial structure in abundance at the lower, but not the larger, range of scales for all four species. The relationship between abundance and upstream habitat availability in two species suggests that larval supply from upstream populations was probably the mechanism linking habitat size and abundance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C. K. Ma
- Department of Zoology and EntomologyRhodes UniversityGrahamstownSouth Africa
| | - Suzanne Redelinghuys
- Department of Zoology and EntomologyRhodes UniversityGrahamstownSouth Africa
- South African Institute for Aquatic BiodiversityGrahamstownSouth Africa
| | - Molline N. C. Gusha
- Department of Zoology and EntomologyRhodes UniversityGrahamstownSouth Africa
| | | | | | - Francesca Porri
- Department of Zoology and EntomologyRhodes UniversityGrahamstownSouth Africa
- South African Institute for Aquatic BiodiversityGrahamstownSouth Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen S, Liu Z, Tan R, Wang L. Survival analysis of an impulsive stochastic facultative mutualism system with saturation effect. INT J BIOMATH 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793524521500091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A system of impulsive stochastic differential equations is proposed as a two-species facultative mutualism model subject to impulsive and two coupling noise source perturbations, in which the saturation effect is taken into account. A set of sufficient criteria for extinction (exponential extinction and extinction) and permanence (permanence in time average and stochastic permanence) of the system are established. Extensive simulation figures are demonstrated to support the theoretical findings. Meanwhile, we look at the effects of coupling white noises, impulses, intrinsic growth rates, intra-specific competition rates and inter-specific mutualism rates on the survival of populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Department of Mathematics, Hubei Minzu University, 445000 Enshi Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Department of Mathematics, Hubei Minzu University, 445000 Enshi Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ronghua Tan
- Department of Mathematics, Hubei Minzu University, 445000 Enshi Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Lianwen Wang
- Department of Mathematics, Hubei Minzu University, 445000 Enshi Hubei, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Oriano M, Zorzetto L, Guagliano G, Bertoglio F, van Uden S, Visai L, Petrini P. The Open Challenge of in vitro Modeling Complex and Multi-Microbial Communities in Three-Dimensional Niches. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:539319. [PMID: 33195112 PMCID: PMC7606986 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.539319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The comprehension of the underlying mechanisms of the interactions within microbial communities represents a major challenge to be faced to control their outcome. Joint efforts of in vitro, in vivo and ecological models are crucial to controlling human health, including chronic infections. In a broader perspective, considering that polymicrobial communities are ubiquitous in nature, the understanding of these mechanisms is the groundwork to control and modulate bacterial response to any environmental condition. The reduction of the complex nature of communities of microorganisms to a single bacterial strain could not suffice to recapitulate the in vivo situation observed in mammals. Furthermore, some bacteria can adapt to various physiological or arduous environments embedding themselves in three-dimensional matrices, secluding from the external environment. Considering the increasing awareness that dynamic complex and dynamic population of microorganisms (microbiota), inhabiting different apparatuses, regulate different health states and protect against pathogen infections in a fragile and dynamic equilibrium, we underline the need to produce models to mimic the three-dimensional niches in which bacteria, and microorganisms in general, self-organize within a microbial consortium, strive and compete. This review mainly focuses, as a case study, to lung pathology-related dysbiosis and life-threatening diseases such as cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis, where the co-presence of different bacteria and the altered 3D-environment, can be considered as worst-cases for chronic polymicrobial infections. We illustrate the state-of-art strategies used to study biofilms and bacterial niches in chronic infections, and multispecies ecological competition. Although far from the rendering of the 3D-environments and the polymicrobial nature of the infections, they represent the starting point to face their complexity. The increase of knowledge respect to the above aspects could positively affect the actual healthcare scenario. Indeed, infections are becoming a serious threat, due to the increasing bacterial resistance and the slow release of novel antibiotics on the market.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Oriano
- Molecular Medicine Department (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Internal Medicine Department, Respiratory Unit and Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Zorzetto
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Guagliano
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta” and UdR INSTM Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Bertoglio
- Molecular Medicine Department (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatic, Department of Biotechnology, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sebastião van Uden
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta” and UdR INSTM Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Livia Visai
- Molecular Medicine Department (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici (ICS) Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Petrini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta” and UdR INSTM Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mutualistic cross-feeding in microbial systems generates bistability via an Allee effect. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7763. [PMID: 32385386 PMCID: PMC7210978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63772-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In microbial ecosystems, species not only compete for common resources but may also display mutualistic interactions as a result from metabolic cross-feeding. Such mutualism can lead to bistability. Depending on the initial population sizes, species will either survive or go extinct. Various phenomenological models have been suggested to describe bistability in mutualistic systems. However, these models do not account for interaction mediators such as nutrients. In contrast, nutrient-explicit models do not provide an intuitive understanding of what causes bistability. Here, we reduce a theoretical nutrient-explicit model of two mutualistic cross-feeders in a chemostat, uncovering an explicit relation to a growth model with an Allee effect. We show that the dilution rate in the chemostat leads to bistability by turning a weak Allee effect into a strong Allee effect. This happens as long as there is more production than consumption of cross-fed nutrients. Thanks to the explicit relationship of the reduced model with the underlying experimental parameters, these results allow to predict the biological conditions that sustain or prevent the survival of mutualistic species.
Collapse
|
5
|
Haak CR, Hui FKC, Cowles GW, Danylchuk AJ. Positive interspecific associations consistent with social information use shape juvenile fish assemblages. Ecology 2019; 101:e02920. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Haak
- Department of Environmental Conservation & Intercampus Marine Science Graduate Program University of Massachusetts Amherst 160 Holdsworth Way Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
| | - Francis K. C. Hui
- Research School of Finance Actuarial Studies and Statistics Australian National University Acton 2601 Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Geoffrey W. Cowles
- Department of Fisheries Oceanography School for Marine Science and Technology University of Massachusetts Dartmouth 836 South Rodney French Blvd. New Bedford Massachusetts 02744 USA
| | - Andy J. Danylchuk
- Department of Environmental Conservation & Intercampus Marine Science Graduate Program University of Massachusetts Amherst 160 Holdsworth Way Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vet S, de Buyl S, Faust K, Danckaert J, Gonze D, Gelens L. Bistability in a system of two species interacting through mutualism as well as competition: Chemostat vs. Lotka-Volterra equations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197462. [PMID: 29874266 PMCID: PMC5991418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We theoretically study the dynamics of two interacting microbial species in the chemostat. These species are competitors for a common resource, as well as mutualists due to cross-feeding. In line with previous studies (Assaneo, et al., 2013; Holland, et al., 2010; Iwata, et al., 2011), we demonstrate that this system has a rich repertoire of dynamical behavior, including bistability. Standard Lotka-Volterra equations are not capable to describe this particular system, as these account for only one type of interaction (mutualistic or competitive). We show here that the different steady state solutions can be well captured by an extended Lotka-Volterra model, which better describe the density-dependent interaction (mutualism at low density and competition at high density). This two-variable model provides a more intuitive description of the dynamical behavior than the chemostat equations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vet
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB2), VUB-ULB, Brussels, Belgium
- Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Unité de Chronobiologie théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie de Buyl
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB2), VUB-ULB, Brussels, Belgium
- Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karoline Faust
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB2), VUB-ULB, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Danckaert
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB2), VUB-ULB, Brussels, Belgium
- Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Gonze
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB2), VUB-ULB, Brussels, Belgium
- Unité de Chronobiologie théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lendert Gelens
- Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Dynamics in Biological Systems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Ghosh S, Chowdhury R, Bhattacharya P. Mixed consortia in bioprocesses: role of microbial interactions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4283-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7448-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
9
|
Löder MGJ, Boersma M, Kraberg AC, Aberle N, Wiltshire KH. Microbial predators promote their competitors: commensalism within an intra-guild predation system in microzooplankton. Ecosphere 2014. [DOI: 10.1890/es14-00037.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|