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Raturi G, Chaudhary A, Rana V, Mandlik R, Sharma Y, Barvkar V, Salvi P, Tripathi DK, Kaur J, Deshmukh R, Dhar H. Microbial remediation and plant-microbe interaction under arsenic pollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:160972. [PMID: 36566865 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem is a serious environmental issue. Both natural and anthropogenic processes can introduce it into the environment. The speciation of the As determine the level of its toxicity. Among the four oxidation states of As (-3, 0, +3, and + 5), As(III) and As(V) are the common species found in the environment, As(III) being the more toxic with adverse impact on the plants and animals including human health. Therefore, it is very necessary to remediate arsenic from the polluted water and soil. Different physicochemical as well as biological strategies can be used for the amelioration of arsenic polluted soil. Among the microbial approaches, oxidation of arsenite, methylation of arsenic, biosorption, bioprecipitation and bioaccumulation are the promising transformation activities in arsenic remediation. The purpose of this review is to discuss the significance of the microorganisms in As toxicity amelioration in soil, factors affecting the microbial remediation, interaction of the plants with As resistant bacteria, and the effect of microorganisms on plant arsenic tolerance mechanism. In addition, the exploration of genetic engineering of the bacteria has a huge importance in bioremediation strategies, as the engineered microbes are more potent in terms of remediation activity along with quick adaptively in As polluted sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Raturi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India; Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anchal Chaudhary
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India; Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Varnika Rana
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Rushil Mandlik
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India; Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Yogesh Sharma
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Vitthal Barvkar
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Prafull Salvi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | | | - Jagdeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India; Plaksha University, SAS Nagar, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India.
| | - Hena Dhar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India.
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Tripti K, Shardendu S. Efficiency of arsenic remediation from growth medium through Bacillus licheniformis modulated by phosphate (PO 4) 3- and nitrate (NO 3) - enrichment. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4081-4089. [PMID: 34052893 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02392-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis DAS-1 and DAS-2 were found as potent tool for removal/uptake of arsenic [As(V) and As(III)] and reduction [(As(V) to As(III)] of arsenic from the liquid growth medium in our previous studies. Present work gives light on modulation of arsenic remediation (in terms of uptake and reduction) by two selected essential soil nutrients, phosphate (PO4)3- and nitrate (NO3)-. PO43- has structural analogy with arsenate [AsO43-/As(V)] that compete with cell uptake of As(V). It was found that enrichment of 0.75 mM of PO43- had significantly moderated the As(V) toxicity in liquid broth culture by retarding As(V) uptake. Lowering level of PO43- can lead to increase in As(V) removal from medium and vice versa. NO3- has strong oxidant properties which controls As(III) oxidation into As(V) in medium that resulted less toxicity favouring growth of bacteria and also more uptake via phosphate transporters. Hence, accelerated As(III) uptake has shown on enrichment of 0.5 mM of NO3- in medium. All the results of work give evidence that appropriate enrichment of PO43- and NO3- into liquid growth medium, can significantly contribute in alteration of efficiency for arsenic removal/uptake and reduction by bacteria from the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Tripti
- Laboratory of Environment and Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Patna Science College, Patna University, Patna, 800005, India.
| | - Shardendu Shardendu
- Laboratory of Environment and Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Patna Science College, Patna University, Patna, 800005, India
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Rahman Z, Thomas L, Singh VP. Study of As-resistant bacteria from Nadia, India and a survey of two As resistance-related proteins. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 60:47-57. [PMID: 31680284 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation deals with the characterisation of three As-resistant bacteria, Bacillus aryabhattai strain VPS1, Bacillus licheniformis strain VPS6 and Sporosarcina thermotolerans strain VPS7 isolated from the rhizosphere of a contaminated paddy field in Chakdaha, Nadia, West Bengal, India. Two strains, VPS6 and VPS7 showed ureolytic activity, which can be used for microbial-induced calcite precipitation of As as a bioremediation option. However, As reduction and oxidation capacities were not reported in any of these bacteria. A phylogenetic tree of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences was constructed for all three bacterial isolates, including different species of As-resistant Bacillus and Sporosarcina. Furthermore, literature survey and genome mining were employed to explore the diversity of As resistance-related proteins, arsenite S-adenosylmethyltransferase (ArsM) and arsenical pump membrane protein (ArsB) among different bacteria, and the phylogenetic relatedness was studied to understand the distribution and evolution of their amino acid sequences. ArsB was predominantly present in a wide variety of bacteria (347 taxa); however, ArsM was reported in comparatively fewer isolates (109 taxa). There were a total of 60 similar taxa that contained both ArsM and ArsB. Both proteins were most abundantly present in phylum Proteobacteria. Overall, this investigation enumerates As-resistant bacteria to understand the As metabolism in the environment, and the phylogenetic analysis of As resistance-related proteins helps in understanding the functional relationship in different bacteria for their role in As mobility in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshanur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.,Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Lebin Thomas
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.,Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ved P Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Kumari N, Rana A, Jagadevan S. Arsenite biotransformation by Rhodococcus sp.: Characterization, optimization using response surface methodology and mechanistic studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 687:577-589. [PMID: 31216511 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A large population of the world is under increased health risk due to consumption of arsenic contaminated groundwater. The present study investigates the arsenic resistance and arsenic biotransforming ability in three bacterial species, namely Bacillus arsenicus, Rhodococcus sp. and Alcaligenes faecalis for employing them in potential groundwater bioremediation programmes. The tolerance to pH levels for the 3 organisms are 6-9 for A. faecalis, 5-10 for Rhodococcus and 5-9 for B. arsenicus. The arsenic bio-oxidation capacity was qualitatively confirmed by using the silver nitrate method and all three bacteria were able to convert arsenite to arsenate. The arsenite tolerance capacity (MIC values) were found to be 3 mM, 7 mM and 12 mM for B. arsenicus, A. faecalis and Rhodococcus sp. respectively. The changes in cellular morphology of these strains under various arsenic stress conditions were studied using advanced cell imaging techniques such as scanning electron microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy. Rhodococcus sp. emerged as a potential candidate for bioremediation application. A response surface methodology was employed to optimize key parameters affecting arsenic removal (pH, Iron (II) soluble, concentration of humic acid and initial arsenic concentration) and at optimized conditions, experimental runs demonstrated 48.34% removal of As (III) (initial concentration = 500 μg/L) in a duration of 6 h, with complete removal after 48 h. Evidences from this work indicate that arsenic removal occurs through bioaccumulation, biotransformation and biosorption. The present study makes the first attempt to investigate the arsenic removal capability of Rhodococcus sp. in synthetic groundwater by employing bacterial whole cell assays. This study also sheds light on the arsenic tolerance and detoxification mechanisms employed by these bacteria, knowledge of which could be crucial in the successful implementation of in-situ bioremediation programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Kumari
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Anu Rana
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Sheeja Jagadevan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India.
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