1
|
Li Z, Qi R, Li Y, Miao J, Li Y, He Z, Zhang N, Pan L. The assessment of bioavailability and environmental risk of dissolved and particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the seawater of typical bays. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169124. [PMID: 38092200 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The pollution of dissolved and particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coastal waters has been increasing in recent decades. However, limited research has been conducted on the characteristics of dissolved and particulate PAHs in seawater and their associated risk assessment. Here, we focused on the bioavailability and environmental risk of PAHs in four typical bays of Shandong Province, China, and used scallop Chlamys farreri and clam Mactra veneriformis as sentinel species. The results revealed that dissolved PAHs tended to bioaccumulate in scallop C. farreri, and their ecological risk exhibited a significant correlation with the health risk of bioaccumulated PAHs and the bioeffect of screened biomarkers in scallop. Conversely, particulate PAHs demonstrated a higher bioaccumulation potential in the clam M. veneriformis, showing a stronger correlation between their ecological risk, health risk, and bioeffect in clams. This study provides the first elucidation of the connection between the ecological risk, health risk, and bioeffect of PAHs. Furthermore, based on the better correlation of health risk and bioeffect caused by PAHs with total PAHs in seawater, we propose that the clam M. veneriformis is a more suitable sentinel species for assessing environmental risk in typical bays of Shandong Province.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ruicheng Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yufen Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yaobing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zhiheng He
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sakin AE, Mert C, Tasdemir Y. PAHs, PCBs and OCPs in olive oil during the fruit ripening period of olive fruits. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:1739-1755. [PMID: 35635681 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Because of their possible carcinogenic effects, it is crucial to determine levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in olive oils. However, there are a few studies about these pollutants' levels in olive oils and no other studies reported PAHs, PCBs and OCPs at the same time and during the ripening period of olives in olive oils. A modified clean-up technique was successfully applied for eliminating lipidic components. Additionally, this study does not just report the concentrations of these pollutants but also inspects the sources depending on the actual sampling site. Also, PCBs and OCPs carcinogenic risks in olive oil were reported for the first time in the literature. This study aims to present levels, carcinogenic risks, sources and concentration changes during the ripening period of these pollutants in olive oil. For this purpose, fruit samples for oil extraction were collected between the beginning of the fruit ripening and harvest period. Obtained olive oils from the fruits were extracted and cleaned up using the QuEChERS method. GC-MS and GC-ECD were used for the quantitative analysis of the targeted pollutants. The average concentrations for ∑16PAHs, ∑37PCBs and ∑10OCPs were 222.48 ± 133.76 μg/kg, 58.26 ± 21.64 μg/kg and 25.48 ± 19.55 μg/kg, respectively. During the harvest period, the concentrations were in a decreasing trend. Calculated carcinogenic risks were above acceptable limits for all groups and traffic, wood-coal burning, atmospheric transport and previous uses were the main sources. Results of the source determination indicated that some possible sources could be prevented with regulations and precautions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Egemen Sakin
- Science and Technology Application and Research Centre BITUAM, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Cevriye Mert
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Yücel Tasdemir
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Piva E, Ioime P, Dall'Ara S, Fais P, Pascali JP. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) determination in shellfish by liquid chromatography coupled to accurate mass spectrometry. Drug Test Anal 2022; 14:1652-1659. [PMID: 35562100 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sonia Dall'Ara
- National Reference Laboratory for Marine Biotoxins, Fondazione Centro Ricerche Marine, Cesenatico, Italy
| | - Paolo Fais
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jennifer P Pascali
- Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences- Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen CF, Chen CW, Ju YR, Wang MH, Lim YC, Tsai WP, Dong CD. Evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in silky sharks Carcharhinus falciformis collected from Western Indian Ocean and human health risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 822:153675. [PMID: 35124066 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) is the most abundant and widely distributed shark species in the marine system of tropical regions. However, it appears that there is limited information on USEPA 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration in silky shark muscle tissue, which has together with the lack of a health risk assessment of human consumption of silky shark filets. The potential toxicity of PAHs in muscles of silky sharks and cancer and non-cancer risk of consumers were assessed. Results showed that the total PAHs (TPAHs) concentration in the muscle tissue of silky sharks was between 62 and 657 ng/g ww, with an average of 234 ± 221 (mean ± standard deviation) ng/g ww, and can be considered as minimally to moderately contaminated level. Naphthalene (NA), phenanthrene (PH), and fluoranthene (FLU) are the most abundant PAHs in silky sharks muscle tissue, accounting for 38.6%, 11.0%, and 19.0% of TPAHs, respectively. The average values of toxic benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) equivalent (TEQcarc) and toxic dioxin equivalent (TEQfish) of PAHs equal to the potency of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in silky shark muscle are 13.5 ± 16.4 ng BaP/g ww and 34.1 ± 77.4 pg TCDD/g ww, respectively, and they showed a good linear relationship (r = 0.928; p < 0.001). The TEQcarc of silky sharks muscle is higher than USEPA's screening value of PAHs of 3.2 ng BaP/g ww for adults, indicating a potential negative impact on public health. The calculated hazard index (HI) of PAHs is less than 1, suggesting that residents eating silky shark muscle will not expect to cause significant non-cancer risk. However, the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) of BaP as 10.6-26.3% and 8.2-32.4% in males and females, respectively, may pose a significant cancer risk. In general, children and the elderly have relatively higher risks, as well as males have a higher cancer and non-cancer risk than females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Feng Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Ju
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Wang
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Yee Cheng Lim
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Pei Tsai
- Department of Fisheries Production and Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ju YR, Chen CF, Wang MH, Chen CW, Dong CD. Assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seafood collected from coastal aquaculture ponds in Taiwan and human health risk assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126708. [PMID: 34352521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The level and distribution of 16 USEPA Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) in aquaculture farmed fish (Mugil cephalus and Oreochromis mossambicus) and shellfish (Corbicula fluminea Formosa and Meretrix lusoria) were determined in Taiwan and then assessed cancer and non-cancer risks for those consuming these kinds of seafood. Results indicated that C. fluminea Formosa accumulated the highest average concentration of total PAHs (43.0 ± 11.3 ng/g wet weight) while M. lusoria contained the lowest concentration (20.0 ± 5.8 ng/g) among all species. The low-molecular-weight PAHs were dominant for both fish and shellfish, which consistent with other studies. Notably, parts of high-molecular-weight PAHs were found in shellfish whereas that was little in fish. The calculated hazard quotients (HQ) of all PAHs were smaller than 1 and the incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCR) for Benzo[a]pyrene were below 1 × 10-5, suggesting that PAHs in the collected seafood could pose a low hazard to residents. Although the results indicated that the studied seafood is safe for human consumption, children and seniors post relatively higher risks, suggesting that it needs to continue monitoring and control the PAHs concentration in seafood and the associated environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ru Ju
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Feng Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Wang
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bua RO, Contino A, Giuffrida A. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mullus surmuletus from the Catania Gulf (Sicily, Italy): distribution and potential health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:7756-7765. [PMID: 33034855 PMCID: PMC7854459 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Different specimens of Mullus surmuletus from the Catania Gulf (Sicily) were sampled and analysed for the quantification of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in order to evaluate the distribution of these pollutants and the potential human health risks associated to the consumption of fish. The determined PAHs concentration values ranged from 0.25 to 6.10 ng/g wet weight and the most abundant PAHs detected were lower molecular weight (LMW) compounds with 2 to 3 rings. Relying on the PAHs concentration values, on the consumption data and on the total toxic equivalent (TEQ), the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) was assessed and its calculated value (2.97 × 10-7) is far below the "maximum acceptable risk level" (ARL), suggesting a low potential carcinogenic risk on consuming M. surmuletus for local population. Even though the study shows a quite low contamination level in M. surmuletus, intensive monitoring programmes are still highly needed in order to provide a better picture of the PAHs distribution in Catania Gulf and of the human health risk linked to fish consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Ornella Bua
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Chimiche, Università Degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
| | - Annalinda Contino
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Chimiche, Università Degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giuffrida
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Chimiche, Università Degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|