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Zhao K, Jia S, Wang J, Bian X, Chen S, Li J, Liu P, Li J, Cai Y, Ren X. Effects of sand substrate removal on the intestinal antioxidant and metabolism in Marsupenaeus japonicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 152:109786. [PMID: 39047925 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
M. japonicus is an important specie for factory farming, and factory farming requires an environment with sand at the bottom of the pond. However, the physiological responses as well as survival in the process of factory farming without laying sand are currently unknown. In the present study, we explored the effect of sand substrate removal on the intestinal histomorphology, antioxidant enzyme activity, and metabolic profile of M. japonicus. Our results indicate a gradual increase in the mortality rate of kuruma shrimp in ponds lacking sand substrate. The intestinal mucosa exhibited necrosis and the presence of vacuoles, with their number gradually increasing over time. The intestinal villi showed significant erosion, accompanied by a decrease in intestinal superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and catalase (CAT) activity, and consistent with an upregulation in the expression of apoptosis-related genes such as caspase-3, indicating an adaptive response to the adverse environmental conditions. Additionally, the metabolomic analysis revealed that most significantly differential metabolites were linked to amino acid and lipid metabolism. These findings enhance our understanding of the sand substrate removal on the intestinal health of kuruma shrimp, which provides a basis for the factory farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuangcheng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Shaoting Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Junxia Wang
- Marine Science Research Center, Rizhao Ocean and Fishery Research Institute, Rizhao, Shandong, 276800, China
| | - Xueqiong Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shibo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China; Qingdao Excellent Ocean Group, Qingdao, Shandong, 266400, China
| | - Jitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Yuefeng Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.
| | - Xianyun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China.
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Mo N, Shao S, Cui Z, Bao C. Roles of eyestalk in salinity acclimatization of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) by transcriptomic analysis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 52:101276. [PMID: 38935995 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Salinity acclimatization refers to the physiological and behavioral adjustments made by crustaceans to adapt to varying salinity environments. The eyestalk, a neuroendocrine organ in crustaceans, plays a crucial role in salinity acclimatization. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying eyestalk involvement in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) acclimatization, we employed RNA-seq technology to analyze transcriptomic changes in the eyestalk under low (5 ppt) and standard (23 ppt) salinity conditions. This analysis revealed 5431 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 2372 upregulated and 3059 downregulated. Notably, these DEGs were enriched in crucial biological pathways like metabolism, osmoregulation, and signal transduction. To validate the RNA-seq data, we further analyzed 15 DEGs of interest using qRT-PCR. Our results suggest a multifaceted role for the eyestalk: maintaining energy homeostasis, regulating hormone synthesis and release, PKA activity, and downstream signaling, and ensuring proper ion and osmotic balance. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) may function as a key regulator, modulating carbonic anhydrase expression through the activation of the PKA signaling pathway, thereby influencing cellular osmoregulation, and associated metabolic processes. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into unraveling the molecular mechanisms of mud crab acclimatization to low salinity environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Mo
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Shucheng Shao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Zhaoxia Cui
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Chenchang Bao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China.
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Mo N, Shao S, Yang Y, Bao C, Cui Z. Identifying low salinity adaptation gene expression in the anterior and posterior gills of the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) by transcriptomic analysis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 49:101166. [PMID: 38070330 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, BGISEQ-500 RNA-Seq technology was adopted to investigate how Scylla paramamosain adapts to salinity tolerance at the molecular level and explores changes in gene expression linked to salinity adaptation following exposure to both low salinity (5 ‰) and standard salinity (23 ‰) conditions. A total of 1100 and 520 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the anterior and posterior gills, respectively, and their corresponding expression patterns were visualized in volcano plots and a heatmap. Further analysis highlighted significant enrichment of well-established gene functional categories and signaling pathways, including those what associated with cellular stress response, ion transport, energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, H2O transport, and physiological stress compensation. We also selected key DEGs within the anterior and posterior gills that encode pivotal stress adaptation and tolerance modulators, including AQP, ABCA1, HSP 10, A35, CAg, NKA, VPA, CAc, and SPS. Interestingly, A35 in the gills might regulate osmolality by binding CHH in response to low salinity stress or serve as a mechanism for energy compensation. Taken together, our findings elucidated the intricate molecular mechanism employed by S. paramamosain for salinity adaptation, which involved distinct gene expression patterns in the anterior and posterior gills. These findings provide the foothold for subsequent investigations into salinity-responsive candidate genes and contribute to a deeper understanding of S. paramamosain's adaptation mechanisms in low-salinity surroundings, which is crucial for the development of low-salinity species cultivation and the establishment of a robust culture model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Mo
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Shucheng Shao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Yanan Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Chenchang Bao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Zhaoxia Cui
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China.
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Luo J, Ren C, Zhu T, Guo C, Xie S, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Zhao W, Zhang X, Lu J, Jiao L, Zhou Q, Tocher DR, Jin M. High dietary lipid level promotes low salinity adaptation in the marine euryhaline crab (Scylla paramamosain). ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 12:297-307. [PMID: 37013080 PMCID: PMC10065990 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The physiological processes involved in adaptation to osmotic pressure in euryhaline crustaceans are highly energy demanding, but the effects of dietary lipids (fat) on low salinity adaptations have not been well evaluated. In the present study, a total of 120 mud crabs (Scylla paramamosain, BW = 17.87 ± 1.49 g) were fed control and high-fat (HF) diets, at both medium salinity (23‰) and low salinity (4‰) for 6 wk, and each treatment had 3 replicates with each replicate containing 10 crabs. The results indicated that a HF diet significantly mitigated the reduction in survival rate, percent weight gain and feed efficiency induced by low salinity (P < 0.05). Low salinity lowered lipogenesis and activated lipolysis resulting in lipid depletion in the hepatopancreas of mud crabs (P < 0.05). Thus, HF diets enhanced the process of lipolysis to supply more energy. In the gills, low salinity and the HF diet increased the levels of mitochondrial biogenesis markers, the activity of mitochondrial complexes, and the expression levels of genes related to energy metabolism (P < 0.05). Consequently, the positive effects of the HF diet on energy metabolism in mud crabs at low salinity promoted osmotic pressure regulation. Specifically, significantly higher haemolymph osmotic pressure and inorganic ion content, as well as higher osmotic pressure regulatory enzyme activity in gills, and gene and protein expression levels of NaK-ATPase were observed in crabs fed the HF diet at low salinity (P < 0.05). In summary, high dietary lipid levels improved energy provision to facilitate mitochondrial biogenesis, which increased ATP provision for osmotic pressure regulation of mud crabs. This study also illustrates the importance of dietary lipid nutrition supplementation for low salinity adaptations in mud crabs.
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Zhang Y, Sun K, Ren N, Li M. Acute toxic effects of diclofenac exposure on freshwater crayfish (Procambarus clarkii): Insights from hepatopancreatic pathology, molecular regulation and intestinal microbiota. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114068. [PMID: 36108435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we exposed adult male crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) to different concentrations of diclofenac (DCF) for 96 h. In the meantime, we investigated the alternations of hepatopancreatic pathology, molecular regulation and intestinal microbiota of P. clarkii exposed to DCF. The results demonstrated DCF led to histological changes including epithelium vacuolization and tubule lumen dilatation in the hepatopancreas. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that 642 and 586 genes were differentially expressed in the hepatopancreas of P. clarkii exposed to 1 and 10 mg/L DCF, respectively. DCF could affect the functions of antioxidation, immunity and metabolism of hepatopancreas by inducing the abnormal expressions of immune- and redox-related genes. GO enrichment results demonstrated that 10 mg/L DCF exposure could modulate the processes of molting, amino sugar metabolism, protein hydrolysis and intracellular protein translocation of P. clarkii. Additionally, the abundances of bacterial families including Shewanellaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Vibrionaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Aeromonadaceae, Moraxellaceae, etc. in the intestine were significantly changed after DCF exposure, and the disruption of intestinal flora might further cause abnormal intestinal metabolism in P. clarkii. This study provides novel mechanistic insights into the toxic effects of anti-inflammatory drugs on aquatic crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource Sustainable Utilization for Jilin Province Commodity Grain Bases, College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zheyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yanxiang Zhang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Mingtang Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource Sustainable Utilization for Jilin Province Commodity Grain Bases, College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Lau NS, Ting SY, Sam KK, M J, Wong SC, Wu X, Waiho K, Fazhan H, Shu-Chien AC. Comparative Analyses of Scylla olivacea Gut Microbiota Composition and Function Suggest the Capacity for Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022:10.1007/s00248-022-02046-0. [PMID: 35618944 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although numerous studies in aquatic organisms have linked lipid metabolism with intestinal bacterial structure, the possibility of the gut microbiota participating in the biosynthesis of beneficial long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) remains vague. We profiled the gut microbiota of the mud crab Scylla olivacea fed with either a LC-PUFA rich (FO) or a LC-PUFA-poor but C18-PUFA substrate-rich (LOCO) diet. Additionally, a diet with a similar profile as LOCO but with the inclusion of an antibiotic, oxolinic acid (LOCOAB), was also used to further demarcate the possibility of LC-PUFA biosynthesis in gut microbiota. Compared to diet FO treatment, crabs fed diet LOCO contained a higher proportion of Proteobacteria, notably two known taxonomy groups with PUFA biosynthesis capacity, Vibrio and Shewanella. Annotation of metagenomic datasets also revealed enrichment in the KEGG pathway of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and polyketide synthase-like system sequences with this diet. Intriguingly, diet LOCOAB impeded the presence of Vibrio and Shewanella and with it, the function of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. However, there was an increase in the function of short-chain fatty acid production, accompanied by a shift towards the abundance of phyla Bacteroidota and Spirochaetota. Collectively, these results exemplified bacterial communities and their corresponding PUFA biosynthesis pathways in the microbiota of an aquatic crustacean species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyok-Sean Lau
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Seng Yeat Ting
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ka-Kei Sam
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Janaranjani M
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Swe Cheng Wong
- Centre For Marine & Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Xugan Wu
- Centre for Research On Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Khor Waiho
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Hanafiah Fazhan
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia.
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
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Bao Y, Shen Y, Li X, Wu Z, Jiao L, Li J, Zhou Q, Jin M. A New Insight Into the Underlying Adaptive Strategies of Euryhaline Marine Fish to Low Salinity Environment Through Cholesterol Nutrition to Regulate Physiological Responses. Front Nutr 2022; 9:855369. [PMID: 35571938 PMCID: PMC9097951 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.855369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is an important environmental factor that can affect the metabolism of aquatic organisms, while cholesterol can influence cellular membrane fluidity which are vital in adaption to salinity changes. Hence, a 4-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of water salinity (normal 23 psu and low 5 psu) and three dietary cholesterol levels (CH0.16, 0.16%, CH1.0, 1.0% and CH1.6, 1.6%) on osmoregulation, cholesterol metabolism, fatty acid composition, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis, oxidative stress (OS), and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) of the euryhaline fish black seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii). The results indicated that in low salinity, fish fed with the CH1.0 diet improved ion reabsorption and osmoregulation by increased Na+ concentration in serum as well as expression levels of osmoregulation-related gene expression levels in gills. Both dietary cholesterol level and water salinity significantly affected most cholesterol metabolic parameters in the serum and tissues, and the results showed that low salinity promoted cholesterol synthesis but inhibited cholesterol catabolism. Besides, in low salinity, hepatic expression levels of LC-PUFA biosynthesis genes were upregulated by fed dietary cholesterol supplementation with contents of LC-PUFAs, including EPA and DHA being increased. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly increased in low-salinity environment, whereas MDA content was decreased in fish fed with dietary CH1.0 by activating related antioxidant enzyme activity and gene expression levels. A similar pattern was recorded for ERS, which stimulated the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (nf-κb), triggering inflammation. Nevertheless, fish reared in low salinity and fed with dietary CH1.0 had markedly alleviated ERS and downregulated gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Overall, these findings demonstrate that cholesterol, as an important nutrient, plays vital roles in the process of adaptation to low salinity of A. schlegelii, and provides a new insight into underlying adaptive strategies of euryhaline marine fish reared in low salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangguang Bao
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuedong Shen
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuejiao Li
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhaoxun Wu
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lefei Jiao
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qicun Zhou
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Min Jin
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Min Jin
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Zhang G, Yan X, Xia J, Zhao J, Ma M, Yu P, Gong D, Zeng Z. Assessment of the effect of ethanol extracts from Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel on intestinal inflammation using simulated gastrointestinal digestion and a Caco-2/RAW264.7 co-culture system. Food Funct 2021; 12:9197-9210. [PMID: 34606534 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01293b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamomum camphora seeds have multiple bioactivities. There were few studies on the effect of C. camphora seeds on intestinal inflammation in vitro and in vivo. The study aimed to investigate the effects of ethanol extracts from C. camphora seed kernel on intestinal inflammation using simulated gastrointestinal digestion and a Caco-2/RAW264.7 co-culture system. Results showed that the digested ethanol extracts (dEE) were rich in polyphenols, and a total of 17 compounds were tentatively identified using UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS/MS. dEE increased cell viability, while decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species, and the secretion and gene expression of inflammatory markers (NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6). dEE also down-regulated NF-κB/MAPK pathway activities by suppressing the phosphorylation of relevant signaling molecules (p65, IκBα, ERK and p38), as well as the expression of TLR4 receptor protein. Furthermore, dEE may improve intestinal barrier function by increasing the TEER value, and the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, claudin-1 and occludin). The results suggest the ethanol extracts from C. camphora seed kernel may have strong anti-inflammatory activities, and a potential application in the prevention or treatment of intestinal inflammation and enhancement of intestinal barrier function in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xianghui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.,School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jiaheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.,School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Junxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.,School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Maomao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.,School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.,School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.,New Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research, 8 Ha Crescent, Auckland 2104, New Zealand
| | - Zheling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.,School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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Kung WM, Lin MS. Beneficial Impacts of Alpha-Eleostearic Acid from Wild Bitter Melon and Curcumin on Promotion of CDGSH Iron-Sulfur Domain 2: Therapeutic Roles in CNS Injuries and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073289. [PMID: 33804820 PMCID: PMC8037269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and abnormal mitochondrial function are related to the cause of aging, neurodegeneration, and neurotrauma. The activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), exaggerating these two pathologies, underlies the pathogenesis for the aforementioned injuries and diseases in the central nervous system (CNS). CDGSH iron-sulfur domain 2 (CISD2) belongs to the human NEET protein family with the [2Fe-2S] cluster. CISD2 has been verified as an NFκB antagonist through the association with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β (PPAR-β). This protective protein can be attenuated under circumstances of CNS injuries and diseases, thereby causing NFκB activation and exaggerating NFκB-provoked neuroinflammation and abnormal mitochondrial function. Consequently, CISD2-elevating plans of action provide pathways in the management of various disease categories. Various bioactive molecules derived from plants exert protective anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and serve as natural antioxidants, such as conjugated fatty acids and phenolic compounds. Herein, we have summarized pharmacological characters of the two phytochemicals, namely, alpha-eleostearic acid (α-ESA), an isomer of conjugated linolenic acids derived from wild bitter melon (Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviata Ser.), and curcumin, a polyphenol derived from rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. In this review, the unique function of the CISD2-elevating effect of α-ESA and curcumin are particularly emphasized, and these natural compounds are expected to serve as a potential therapeutic target for CNS injuries and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woon-Man Kung
- Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan;
| | - Muh-Shi Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 43303, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, College of Bioresources, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Care, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
- Department of Health Business Administration, College of Medical and Health Care, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2665-1900
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