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Wang Y, Zhao Y, Gong W, Hou Y, Ren J, Duan C, Zhang H, Nie X, Li J. Aspirin exposure coupled with hypoxia interferes energy metabolism, antioxidant and autophagic processes and causes liver injury in estuarine goby Mugilogobius chulae. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135071. [PMID: 38996678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Toxicity assessments of pollutants often overlook the impact of environmental factors like hypoxia, which can alter chemical toxicity with unexpected consequences. In this study, Mugilogobius chulae, an estuarine fish, was used to investigate the effects of hypoxia (H), aspirin (ASA), and their combination (H_ASA) exposure over 24, 72, and 168 h. We employed RNA-seq analysis, expression of key gene expression profiling, enzymatic activity assays, and histopathological and ultrastructural examinations of liver tissue to explore the effects and mechanisms of ASA-coupled hypoxia exposure in fish. Results showed that glycolysis was inhibited, and lipolysis was enhanced in ASA/H_ASA groups. The PPAR signaling pathway was activated, increasing fatty acid β-oxidation and lipophagy to mitigate energy crisis. Both ASA and H_ASA exposures induced p53 expression and inhibited the TOR pathway to combat environmental stress. However, a greater energy demand and heightened sensitivity to ASA were observed in H_ASA compared to ASA exposure. Disruptions in energy and detoxification pathways led to increased stress responses, including enhanced antioxidant activities, autophagy, and apoptotic events, as observed in organelle structures. Overall, sub-chronic H_ASA exposure caused liver injury in M. chulae by affecting energy metabolism, antioxidant regulation, and autophagy processes. This study highlights the influence of hypoxia on ASA toxicity in fish, providing valuable insights for ecological risk assessment of NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Wang
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weibo Gong
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yingshi Hou
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jinzhi Ren
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chunni Duan
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huiyu Zhang
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiangping Nie
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jianjun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou 510663, China
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2
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Hajimohammadi S, Rameshrad M, Karimi G. Exploring the therapeutic effects of sulforaphane: an in-depth review on endoplasmic reticulum stress modulation across different disease contexts. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2185-2201. [PMID: 38922526 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01506-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an intracellular organelle that contributes to the folding of proteins and calcium homeostasis. Numerous elements can disrupt its function, leading to the accumulation of proteins that are unfolded or misfolded in the lumen of the ER, a condition that is known as ER stress. This phenomenon can trigger cell death through the activation of apoptosis and inflammation. Glucoraphanin (GRA) is the predominant glucosinolate found in cruciferous vegetables. Various mechanical and biochemical processes activate the enzyme myrosinase, leading to the hydrolysis of glucoraphanin into the bioactive compound sulforaphane. Sulforaphane is an organosulfur compound that belongs to the isothiocyanate group. It possesses a wide range of activities and has shown remarkable potential as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-angiogenic substance. Additionally, sulforaphane is resistant to oxidation, has been demonstrated to have low toxicity, and is considered well-tolerable in individuals. These properties make it a valuable natural dietary supplement for research purposes. Sulforaphane has been demonstrated as a potential candidate drug molecule for managing a range of diseases, primarily because of its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, which can be mediated by modulation of ER stress pathways. This review seeks to cover a wealth of data supporting the broad range of protective functions of sulforaphane, improving various diseases, such as cardiovascular, central nervous system, liver, eye, and reproductive diseases, as well as diabetes, cancer, gastroenteritis, and osteoarthritis, through the amelioration of ER stress in both in vivo and in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Hajimohammadi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Rameshrad
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
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3
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Santana Rodriguez KJ, Villeneuve DL, Cavallin JE, Blackwell BR, Hoang J, Hofer RN, Jensen KM, Kahl MD, Kutsi RN, Stacy E, Morshead ML, Ankley GT. Examining effects of a novel estrogenic perfluoro-alcohol, 1H,1H,8H,8H-Perfluorooctane-1,8-diol (FC8-diol), using the fathead minnow EcoToxChip. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38961679 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
In a previous in vivo study, adult male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed via water for 4 days to 1H,1H,8H,8H-perfluorooctane-1,8-diol (FC8-diol). The present study expands on the evaluation of molecular responses to this perfluoro-alcohol by analyzing 26 male fathead minnow liver RNA samples from that study (five from each test concentration: 0, 0.018, 0.051, 0.171, and 0.463 mg FC8-diol/L) using fathead minnow EcoToxChips Ver. 1.0. EcoToxChips are a quantitative polymerase chain reaction array that allows for simultaneous measurement of >375 species-specific genes of toxicological interest. Data were analyzed with the online tool EcoToxXplorer. Among the genes analyzed, 62 and 96 were significantly up- and downregulated, respectively, by one or more FC8-diol treatments. Gene expression results from the previous study were validated, showing an upregulation of vitellogenin mRNA (vtg) and downregulation of insulin-like growth factor 1 mRNA (igf1). Additional genes related to estrogen receptor activation including esr2a (estrogen receptor 2a) and esrrb (estrogen related receptor beta) were also affected, providing further confirmation of the estrogenic nature of FC8-diol. Furthermore, genes involved in biological pathways related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, innate immune response, endocrine reproduction, and endocrine thyroid were significantly affected. These results both add confidence in the use of the EcoToxChip tool for inferring chemical mode(s) of action and provide further insights into the possible biological effects of FC8-diol. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1-9. © 2024 SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin J Santana Rodriguez
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Jenna E Cavallin
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Brett R Blackwell
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - John Hoang
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Rachel N Hofer
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Kathleen M Jensen
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Michael D Kahl
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Robin N Kutsi
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Emma Stacy
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Mackenzie L Morshead
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
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4
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Zhang J, Zhu Z, Huang J, Yang H, Wang Q, Zhang Y. Analyzing the impact and mechanism of bisphenol A on testicular lipid metabolism in Gobiocypris rarus through integrated lipidomics and transcriptomics. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115498. [PMID: 37742580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most common environmental endocrine chemicals, known for its estrogenic effects that can interfere with male spermatogenesis. Lipids play crucial roles in sperm production, capacitation, and motility as important components of the sperm plasma membrane. However, limited research has explored whether BPA affects lipid metabolism in the testes of male fish and subsequently impacts spermatogenesis. In this study, we employed Gobiocypris rarus rare minnow as a research model and exposed them to environmentally relevant concentrations of BPA (15 μg/L) for 5 weeks. We assessed sperm morphology and function and analyzed changes in testicular lipid composition and transcriptomics. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the sperm head membrane damage rate, along with reduced sperm motility and fertilization ability due to BPA exposure. Lipidomics analysis revealed that BPA increased the content of 11 lipids while decreasing the content of 6 lipids in the testes, particularly within glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids, and sphingolipid subclasses. Transcriptomics results indicated significant up-regulation in pathways such as cholesterol metabolism, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling, and fat digestion and absorption, with significant alterations in key genes related to lipid metabolism, including apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein C-I, and translocator protein. These findings suggest that BPA exposure can induce testicular lipid metabolism disruption in rare minnows, potentially resulting in abnormalities in rare minnow spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlu Zhang
- Shaanxi key laboratory of Qinling Ecological Security, Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an 710032, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiqin Huang
- Shaanxi key laboratory of Qinling Ecological Security, Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qijun Wang
- Shaanxi key laboratory of Qinling Ecological Security, Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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5
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Zhu Z, Long X, Wang J, Cao Q, Yang H, Zhang Y. Bisphenol A has a sex-dependent disruptive effect on hepatic lipid metabolism in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 268:109616. [PMID: 36963593 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor that has adverse effects on lipid metabolism. However, most of the current studies on the effects of BPA on lipid metabolism in fish have focused on middle- and short-term exposure tests. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term BPA exposure on liver lipid metabolism in zebrafish. Post-fertilization embryos were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of BPA for 120 days, and the changes in triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) levels, and gene expression related to liver lipid metabolism were investigated in both male and female fish. The results showed that long-term exposure to BPA led to lipid deposition in liver, and there was a sex difference. In the liver of female fish, there was higher lipid transport and synthesis at low concentration of BPA, while overall metabolic levels were increased at high concentration of BPA. In contrast, BPA showed a dose-dependent effect on the lipid deposition in male fish. The expression of mRNA of TG transport-related and lipid synthesis-related genes was significantly up-regulated and the expression of genes related to lipid catabolism, was significantly down-regulated with increasing BPA dose. Taken together, our results indicate that long-term exposure to BPA can increase lipid deposition in a gender-specific manner. This may be due to the different responses of lipid metabolism related genes to BPA in male and female zebrafish. These results will provide a new reference for a deeper understanding of the ecotoxicological effects of BPA on aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaodong Long
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qingsheng Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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6
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Hong L, Xu Y, Wang D, Zhang Q, Li X, Xie C, Wu J, Zhong C, Fu J, Geng S. Sulforaphane ameliorates bisphenol A-induced hepatic lipid accumulation by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1147. [PMID: 36670177 PMCID: PMC9859828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in bisphenol A (BPA) - induced hepatic lipid accumulation as well as the protective effects of Sulforaphane (SFN) in this process. Human hepatocyte cell line (LO2) and C57/BL6J mice were used to examine BPA-triggered hepatic lipid accumulation and the underlying mechanism. Hepatic lipid accumulation, triglycerides (TGs) levels, the expression levels of lipogenesis-related genes and proteins in the ER stress pathway were measured. It was revealed that BPA treatment increased the number of lipid droplets, the levels of TG and mRNAs expression of lipogenesis-related genes, and activated the ER stress pathway. These changes were inhibited by an ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid. SFN treatment abrogated BPA-altered hepatic lipid metabolism and ameliorated BPA-induced ER stress-related markers. Together, these findings suggested that BPA activated ER stress to promote hepatic lipid accumulation, and that SFN reversed those BPA effects by alleviating ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Hong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yide Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chunfeng Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jieshu Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Jinyan Fu
- Department of Nutrition, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shanshan Geng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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7
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Liu R, Jin Y, Liu B, Zhang Q, Li X, Cai D, Tian L, Jiang X, Zhang W, Sun J, Bai W. Untargeted Lipidomics Revealed the Protective Effects of Cyanidin-3- O-glucoside on Bisphenol A-Induced Liver Lipid Metabolism Disorder in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1077-1090. [PMID: 36597173 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogenic endocrine disruptor that induces metabolic disorders. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) has multiple functional activities and is the most abundant anthocyanin belonging to the flavonoid subgroup. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of C3G on BPA-induced liver lipid metabolism disorder and explore its mechanism via lipidomics analysis. The results showed that C3G supplementation significantly ameliorated the serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triacylglycerols (TG), and alanine and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT and AST). Furthermore, liver lipidomics indicated that C3G effectively facilitated the recovery of differential lipid metabolites, including TGs, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylinositol, cholesteryl esters, and phosphatidylserine, and reversed the levels of hepatic lipid synthesis-related genes. Our results suggest that C3G has an effective regulatory effect on BPA-induced disorders of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijing Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Based Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Jin
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Based Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Boping Liu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Based Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Dongbao Cai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Lingmin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xinwei Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Wenbao Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
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Zhang YK, Ke HY, Qin YQ, Ju HY, Chen YM, Lin F, Zhang JL, Diao XP. Environmental concentrations of benzophenone-3 disturbed lipid metabolism in the liver of clown anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120792. [PMID: 36473638 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) often used as a UV filter in various products and an endocrine disruptor. In this work, we exposed the clown anemonefish to 10 μg/L and 50 μg/L BP-3 for 7 and 14 days. Liver histological, biochemical analysis, and transcriptome sequencing were used to explore the mechanism of the lipid metabolism disorder in the liver of three-month-old clown anemonefish treated with BP-3. The histological and biochemical analysis showed that BP-3 induces morphological changes and lipid droplet accumulation, and the lipid content, lipase, and antioxidant enzyme activity were abnormal. After treatment with 10 μg/L and 50 μg/L BP-3 for 7 days, the transcriptome analysis further demonstrated that the KEGG analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly associated with fat digestion and absorption, PPAR signaling pathway, circadian rhythm, and mineral absorption pathways; After 10 μg/L and 50 μg/L of BP-3 exposure for 14 days, the KEGG analysis were mainly associated with circadian rhythm, circadian rhythm-fly, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and beta-alanine metabolism pathways. Several key genes were involved in the process of liver lipid metabolism, including CD36, APoA-Ⅰ, FABP, LPL, ACS, and PEPCK. The qRT-PCR validation results showed that eight genes (CYP8B1, FABP1, LPL, MGAT, PEPCK, PER1, PSMB4, PSME2) were significantly down-regulated, and the other two genes (Fbxl3, RXR) were significantly up-regulated after 7 days of BP-3 exposure. Similarly, eleven genes (AMPK, ARNTL, Bmal1, CASP3, CYC, CYP2J, CYP2U1, GSK3A, PEPCK, RAC1, RORA) were significantly up-regulated, and the other four genes (NR1D1, PER1, PTGDS, HLF) were significantly down-regulated after 14 days of BP-3 exposure. In conclusion, our results elucidate the physiological and molecular responses to BP-3 exposure in the liver lipid metabolism of clown anemonefish, and these findings reveal that the regulation of lipid metabolism is disturbed when clown anemonefish is exposed to UV filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Kun Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China; College of Life Science Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China
| | - Huai-Yang Ke
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China; College of Life Science Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Qin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China; College of Life Science Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China
| | - Han-Ye Ju
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China; College of Life Science Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China
| | - Yu-Mei Chen
- College of Ecology and Environment Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Fang Lin
- College of Ecology and Environment Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Ji-Liang Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China; College of Life Science Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Diao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China; College of Life Science Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China.
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9
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Chakraborty S, Dissanayake M, Godwin J, Wang X, Bhandari RK. Ancestral BPA exposure caused defects in the liver of medaka for four generations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159067. [PMID: 36174697 PMCID: PMC10593180 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Environmental chemicals can induce liver defects in experimental animals due to their direct and acute exposure. It is not clear whether environmental chemical exposures result in the transgenerational passage of liver defects in subsequent generations living in an uncontaminated environment. Bisphenol A (BPA), a plasticizer chemical, has been ubiquitous in the environment in the recent decade. Every organism is exposed to this chemical at some point during its lifetime. Literature suggests that direct BPA exposure can result in several metabolic diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Despite the phasing out of BPA from several consumer goods, it is unclear whether ancestral BPA exposure causes liver health problems in the unexposed future generations. Here, we demonstrate an advanced stage of NAFLD in the grandchildren (F2 generation) of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) due to embryonic BPA exposure in the grandparental generation (F0), which persists for five generations (F4) even in the absence of BPA. The severity of transgenerational NAFLD phenotype included steatosis together with perisinusoidal fibrosis and apoptosis of hepatocytes. Adult females developed more severe histopathological conditions in the liver than males. Genes encoding enzymes involved in lipolytic pathways were significantly decreased. The present results suggest that ancestral BPA exposure can result in transgenerational metabolic diseases that can persist for five generations and that the NAFLD trait is sexually dimorphic. Given that ancestral BPA exposure can lead to altered metabolic health outcomes in the subsequent unexposed generations, the development of the methods and strategies to mitigate the transgenerational onset of metabolic diseases seem imperative to protect future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Chakraborty
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Manthi Dissanayake
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Julia Godwin
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Xuegeng Wang
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Ramji Kumar Bhandari
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA.
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10
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Wang H, Qi S, Mu X, Yuan L, Li Y, Qiu J. Bisphenol F induces liver-gut alteration in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:157974. [PMID: 35963407 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The unease of consumers with bisphenol A has led to the increased industrial usage of bisphenol F (BPF), which is a new hazard to environmental health. Here, zebrafish were exposed to three BPF concentrations (0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L) from the embryonic stage for 180 days. Results showed that zebrafish body length and weight decreased and hepatosomatic index values increased, even at environmentally relevant concentration. Histological analysis identified the occurrence of hepatic fibrosis and steatosis in 5 and 50 μg/L groups, which indicated the liver injury caused by BPF. Based on the untargeted metabolomics results, a dose-dependent variation in the effects of BPF on liver metabolism was found, and amino acids, purines and one carbon metabolism were the main affected processes in the 0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L treatments, respectively. At the same time, BPF induced a shift in intestinal microbiome composition, including decreased abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae, Rhodobacteraceae and Gemmobacter. In addition, the correlation analysis suggested an association between gut microbiome changes and affected hepatic metabolites after BPF exposure. These findings indicate that a liver-gut alteration is induced by long-term BPF exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Suzhen Qi
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiyan Mu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Lilai Yuan
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingren Li
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Wang Z, Wang J, Zhu M, Yang H. Effects of Dietary Resveratrol, Bile Acids, Allicin, Betaine, and Inositol on Recovering the Lipid Metabolism Disorder in the Liver of Rare Minnow Gobiocypris rarus Caused by Bisphenol A. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2022; 2022:6082343. [PMID: 36860429 PMCID: PMC9973200 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6082343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The fatty liver is one of the main problems in aquaculture. In addition to the nutritional factors, endocrine disrupter chemicals (EDCs) are one of the causes of fatty liver in fish. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer widely used in the production of various plastic products and exhibits certain endocrine estrogen effects. Our previous study found that BPA could increase the accumulation of triglyceride (TG) in fish liver by disturbing the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes. How to recover the lipid metabolism disorder caused by BPA and other environmental estrogens remains to be explored. In the present study, Gobiocypris rarus was used as a research model, and 0.01% resveratrol, 0.05% bile acid, 0.01% allicin, 0.1% betaine, and 0.01% inositol were added to the feed of the G. rarus that exposed to 15 μg/L BPA. At the same time, a BPA exposure group without feed additives (BPA group) and a blank group with neither BPA exposure nor feed additives (Con group) were setted. The liver morphology, hepatosomatic index (HSI), hepatic lipid deposition, TG level, and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes were analyzed after 5 weeks of feeding. The HSI in bile acid and allicin groups was significantly lower than that in Con group. The TG in resveratrol, bile acid, allicin, and inositol groups returned to Con level. Principal component analysis of TG synthesis, decomposition, and transport related genes showed that dietary bile acid and inositol supplementation had the best effect on the recovery of BPA-induced lipid metabolism disorder, followed by allicin and resveratrol. In terms of lipid metabolism-related enzyme activity, bile acid and inositol were the most effective in recovering BPA-induced lipid metabolism disorders. The addition of these additives had a restorative effect on the antioxidant capacity of G. rarus livers, but bile acids and inositol were relatively the most effective. The results of the present study demonstrated that under the present dosage, bile acids and inositol had the best improvement effect on the fatty liver of G. rarus caused by BPA. The present study will provide important reference for solving the problem of fatty liver caused by environmental estrogen in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yinan Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mingzhen Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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12
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Zhang T, Xu D, Lv G, Wang A, Wen H. Histological, physiological, and transcriptomic responses of hepatopancreas to air exposure in asian freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea. Front Physiol 2022; 13:952744. [PMID: 36035463 PMCID: PMC9402986 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.952744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corbicula fluminea (C. fluminea) is an important freshwater economy shellfish in China, but it often suffers from air exposure during transportation. In this study, we investigated the histological, physiological (mainly including respiratory metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and immune function), and transcriptomic responses of hepatopancreas in C. fluminea to different times of air exposure. At histological level, air exposure caused vacuolation of digestive cells (24–96 h) and enlargement of digestive tubule lumen (6–96 h) in hepatopancreas. At physiological level, the activities of enzymes related to glycolysis (hexokinase and pyruvate kinase) and anaerobic respiration (lactate dehydrogenase) were increased first (6–24 h) of air exposure, then came back to normal level or even decreased. The activity of aerobic respiration-related enzyme (succinic dehydrogenase) began to reduce from 24 h of air exposure. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) were enhanced during 6–48 h of air exposure and then returned to control level or even inhibited. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased from 96 h of air exposure. The activities of immune-related enzymes (acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase) increased during 6–48 h, then returned to normal or began to decline. At transcriptome level, 44 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the hepatopancreas were identified after 96-h air exposure. Among these DEGs, 8 were associated with glycolysis, TCA cycle, immune, and antioxidant, and were downregulated after 96-h air exposure. Taken together, these findings illuminated the response of C. fluminea to air exposure at histological, physiological, and transcriptomic levels, which will be beneficial to the aquaculture and transportation of C. fluminea.
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13
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Mu X, Qi S, Wang H, Yuan L, Wang C, Li Y, Qiu J. Bisphenol analogues induced metabolic effects through eliciting intestinal cell heterogeneous response. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 165:107287. [PMID: 35598417 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, such as bisphenol analogues, have drawn increasing attention. Bisphenol A (BPA) usage is associated with the occurrence of many metabolic diseases. With the restricted use of BPA, alternatives like bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol AF (BPAF) have been greatly introduced for industrial manufacture, and brings new hazard to public health. To understand how bisphenol analogues induced metabolic effects, zebrafish are continuous exposed to environmental level (0.5 μg/L) of BPA, BPF and BPAF since embryonic stage, and identified hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance at 60-day post fertilization. Hepatic transcriptional profile indicated that pancreatic disease pathways were activated by BPA, but were inhibited by BPF. At the same time, increased lipid secretion and gluconeogenesis pathways in zebrafish liver was found post BPAF exposure. Significant inflammatory response, histological injury and increased mucus secretion was detected in zebrafish intestine post exposure of three bisphenol analogues. Single-cell RNA sequencing of zebrafish intestinal cells revealed activation of lipid uptake and absorption pathways in enterocyte lineages, which well explained the hepatic steatosis induced by BPA and BPF. Besides, genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, diabetes and insulin resistance were activated in intestinal immune cell types by three bisphenol analogues. These findings indicated that BPA and its alternatives could lead to abnormal lipid and carbohydrate metabolism of zebrafish through inducing cell heterogeneous changes in gut, and revealed both molecular and cellular mechanism in mediating this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Mu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Suzhen Qi
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lilai Yuan
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengju Wang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingren Li
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Yang Q, Mao Y, Wang J, Yu H, Zhang X, Pei X, Duan Z, Xiao C, Ma M. Gestational bisphenol A exposure impairs hepatic lipid metabolism by altering mTOR/CRTC2/SREBP1 in male rat offspring. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221129852. [PMID: 36137816 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221129852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is an important biochemical process in the body. Recent studies have found that environmental endocrine disruptors play an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Bisphenol A (BPA), a common environmental endocrine disruptor, has adverse effects on lipid metabolism, but the mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of gestational BPA exposure on hepatic lipid metabolism and its possible mechanism in male offspring. The pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to BPA (0, 0.05, 0.5, 5 mg/kg/day) from day 5 to day 19 of gestation to investigate the levels of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), and the expression of liver lipid metabolism-related genes in male offspring rats. The results showed that compared with the control group, the TG and TC levels in serum and liver in BPA-exposed groups was increased. And the expressions of liver fatty acid oxidation related genes, such as peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor α (PPARα) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1α (CPT1α), were down-regulated. However, the expressions of fatty acid synthesis related genes, such as sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1 (SREBP-1), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1), were up-regulated. The increased protein levels of mTOR and p-CRTC2 suggested that CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 (CRTC2) might be an important mediator in the mTOR/SREBP-1 pathway. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that mTOR/CRTC2/SREBP-1 could be affected by gestational BPA exposure, which may involve in the lipid metabolic disorders in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Y Mao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - H Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - X Pei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Z Duan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - C Xiao
- Department of Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - M Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Heath, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China.,Department of Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology, 70577Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
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15
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Zhang Y, Zhu Z, Liu Q, Zhang M, Yang H, Wei W. Bisphenol A disrupts apolipoprotein E expression through estrogen-related receptor gamma and DNA methlylation in the liver of male rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:113041. [PMID: 34863079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies show that bisphenol A (BPA) can cause lipid metabolism disorder. However, few studies focused on the effect of BPA on lipid transport. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays important roles in triglyceride (TG) transportation. Our previous study found that ApoE was a sensitive gene in response to BPA exposure in male rare minnow. To investigate the effect and mechanism of BPA on hepatic ApoE, adult male rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of BPA (15 μg/L) for 1, 3 and 5 weeks. Results showed that BPA inhibited ApoE expression at week 1 and 5, while induced its expression at week 3. A positive estrogen-related receptor gamma (Esrrg) response element was identified in the promoter region of ApoE. The change of the Esrrg recruitment was consistent with ApoE mRNA expression. Moreover, the methylation status of the CpG sites near and on the Esrrg binding sites changed opposite to the ApoE mRNA level, which may be the main cause for the change in Esrrg recruitment. The expression of ApoE protein was significantly enhanced following long-term BPA exposure. Consistently, the TG accumulation was significantly increased in the plasma. The present study demonstrates that BPA could affect rare minnow ApoE expression, which is probably one of the ways for BPA disturbing fish lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Zhu Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenzhi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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16
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Zhang Y, Zhang M, Zhu Z, Yang H, Wei W, Li B. Bisphenol A regulates apolipoprotein A1 expression through estrogen receptors and DNA methlylation and leads to cholesterol disorder in rare minnow testis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 241:105999. [PMID: 34678657 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known plasticizer that widely distributed in the aquatic environment. BPA has many adverse effects on reproduction. However, few studies have investigated the mechanism of BPA affecting reproduction from the perspective of lipid metabolism. Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is the major component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and plays critical roles in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). In this study, in order to investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of BPA on testicular ApoA1 and the role of ApoA1 in BPA induced abnormal spermatogenesis, adult male rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus were exposed to 15 μg/L of BPA for 1, 3 and 5 weeks. Results showed that BPA could significantly affect testicular ApoA1 mRNA and protein levels, testicular cholesterol levels, plasmatic sex hormone levels and the integrity of sperm head membrane. The main mechanism of BPA regulating ApoA1 expression is to alter Esr recruitment and CpG sites DNA methylation in ApoA1 promoter. The induced ApoA1 up-regulated high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and enhanced RCT, and finally decreased the testicular free cholesterol levels. This is likely a key mechanism by which BPA induces sex hormone disorder and sperm head membrane damage. The present study reveals the mechanism by which BPA interferes with spermatogenesis from the perspective of cholesterol transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wenzhi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Bichun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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