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Wang J, Chen X, Chu S, Hayat K, Chi Y, Liao X, Zhang H, Xie Y, Zhou P, Zhang D. Conjoint analysis of physio-biochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic reveals the response characteristics of solanum nigrum L. to cadmium stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:567. [PMID: 38880885 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05278-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a nonessential element in plants and has adverse effects on the growth and development of plants. However, the molecular mechanisms of Cd phytotoxicity, tolerance and accumulation in hyperaccumulators Solanum nigrum L. has not been well understood. Here, physiology, transcriptome, and metabolome analyses were conducted to investigate the influence on the S. nigrum under 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 µM Cd concentrations for 7 days. Pot experiments demonstrated that compared with the control, Cd treatment significantly inhibited the biomass, promoted the Cd accumulation and translocation, and disturbed the balance of mineral nutrient metabolism in S. nigrum, particularly at 100 µM Cd level. Moreover, the photosynthetic pigments contents were severely decreased, while the content of total protein, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, and antioxidant enzyme activities generally increased first and then slightly declined with increasing Cd concentrations, in both leaves and roots. Furthermore, combined with the previous transcriptomic data, numerous crucial coding-genes related to mineral nutrients and Cd ion transport, and the antioxidant enzymes biosynthesis were identified, and their expression pattern was regulated under different Cd stress. Simultaneously, metabolomic analyses revealed that Cd treatment significantly changed the expression level of many metabolites related to amino acid, lipid, carbohydrate, and nucleotide metabolism. Metabolic pathway analysis also showed that S. nigrum roots activated some differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) involved in energy metabolism, which may enhance the energy supply for detoxification. Importantly, central common metabolism pathways of DEGs and DEMs, including the "TCA cycle", "glutathione metabolic pathway" and "glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism" were screened using conjoint transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis. Our results provide some novel evidences on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Cd tolerance in hyperaccumulator S. nigrum plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncai Wang
- Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- The Land Greening Remediation Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Xunfeng Chen
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shaohua Chu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kashif Hayat
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Yaowei Chi
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liao
- Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
- The Land Greening Remediation Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550001, China
- Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
- The Land Greening Remediation Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Yuangui Xie
- Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China.
- The Land Greening Remediation Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550001, China.
| | - Pei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Zhang Y, Song Z, Zhao H, Chen H, Zhao B. Integrative physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals how the roots of two ornamental Hydrangea macrophylla cultivars cope with lead (Pb) toxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 910:168615. [PMID: 37984650 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) soil contamination has caused serious ecological and environmental issues. Hydrangea macrophylla is a potential Pb-contaminated soil remediation plant, however, their Pb stress defense mechanism is largely unknown. Here, the physiology, transcriptomic and metabolome of two H. macrophylla cultivars (ML, Pb-sensitive cultivar; JC, Pb-resistant cultivar) under Pb stress were investigated. The results demonstrated that JC performed superiorly, with activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were 1.25, 2.84, and 1.67 times higher than those of ML after Pb treatment, respectively, and the amount of soluble sugar in JC increased by 231.34 % compared with that in ML. The electrical conductivity (EC) value of the root exudates of JC was 43.71 % lower than that of ML under Pb stress. The non-targeted metabolomics analysis revealed 193 metabolites grouped into nine categories. Pb stress-induced differential expression of the 37 metabolites, among which the major metabolites up-regulated in ML were organic acids, while in JC, these were carbohydrates, fatty acids, organic acids and lipids. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that Pb exposure induced 1075 and 1314 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in JC and ML, respectively. According to the functional annotation results, hub genes were primarily enriched in carbohydrate metabolism, root growth, and plant resistance to external stresses. A conjoint analysis of the two omics indicated that the cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis pathway in JC played an essential role in Pb detoxification. These findings clarify the resistance mechanism of H. macrophylla to Pb stress and open up a new avenue for breeding H. macrophylla Pb-resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Zhang
- The College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ziyi Song
- The College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Huiqi Zhao
- The College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Huan Chen
- The College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- The College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Yin M, Mi J, Wang X, Xing C, Wan X, Zhang F, Yang H, He F, Hu H, Chen L. Interspecific variations in growth, physiology and Cd accumulation between Populus deltoides and P. × canadensis in response to Cd pollution under two soil types. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:115951. [PMID: 38211512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Both acid and alkaline purple soils in China are increasingly affected by Cd contamination. The selection of fast-growing trees suitable for remediating different soil types is urgent, yet there is a severe lack of relevant knowledge. In this study, we conducted a controlled pot experiment to compare the growth, physiology, and Cd accumulation efficiency of two widely recognized poplar species, namely Populus deltoides and P. × canadensis, under Cd contamination (1 mg kg-1) in acid and alkaline purple soils. The objective was to determine which poplar species is best suited for remediating different soil types. Our findings are as follows: (1) the total biomass of both poplars remained largely unaffected by Cd pollution in both soil types. Notably, under Cd pollution, the total biomass of P. deltoides in acid purple soil was 1.53 times greater than that in alkaline purple soil. (2) Cd pollution did not significantly induce oxidative damage in the leaves of either poplar species in both soil types. However, in acid purple soil, Cd contamination led to a 21% increase in NO3- concentration and a 44% increase in NH4+ concentration in P. × canadensis leaves, whereas in alkaline purple soil, it led to a 59% increase in NH4+ concentration in P. deltoides leaves. (3) Cd concentrations in all root orders of P. × canadensis were significantly higher than those in P. deltoides, especially in the first three root orders, under alkaline purple soil. The total Cd accumulation by P. × canadensis in Cd-polluted alkaline purple soil was 2.18 times higher than that in Cd-polluted acid purple soil, a difference not observed in P. deltoides. (4) redundancy analysis indicated that the sequestration effect of higher soil organic matter on Cd availability in acid purple soil was more pronounced than the release effects caused by lower pH. In conclusion, P. × canadensis is better suited for remediating alkaline purple soil due to its higher capacity for Cd uptake, while P. deltoides is more suitable for remediating Cd-contaminated acid purple soil due to its better growth conditions and greater Cd enrichment capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Yin
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiaxuan Mi
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Cailan Xing
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xueqin Wan
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hanbo Yang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fang He
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hongling Hu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lianghua Chen
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu 611130, China; Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Zeng N, Huang F, Du J, Huang C, Yang Q, Zhan X, Xing B. Expeditious profiling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons transport and obstruction mechanisms in crop xylem sap proteins via proteomics and molecular docking. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122854. [PMID: 37940018 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pose significant environmental risks due to their toxicity and carcinogenic properties. This research seeks to pinpoint protein targets in crop xylem sap related to PAH contamination and delve into their protein-ligand interactions using computational tools. Proteomic assessment revealed differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), which were subjected to virtual high-throughput screening. Notably, the phenanthrene's influence on xylem sap proteins in maize and wheat was more pronounced than in soybean, with DEPs expression peak at 24 h post-treatment. Maize DEPs were predominantly associated with lipid biosynthesis. Phenanthrene impacted cell membrane hydrophobicity, limiting PAH adsorption and decreasing its concentration in maize xylem sap. Wheat DEPs exhibited an increase in ABC transporters after 24 h of phenanthrene exposure. ABC transporters interacted with stress-responsive proteins like C6TIY1-Co-chaperone p23 and others that either facilitate or inhibit PAH transport, including Indeno[1,2,3-cd]Pyrene and C6TIY1-Co-chaperone protein p23. Both maize and wheat created high-affinity complexes between specific proteins and PAHs, influencing their transport. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of PAH regulation and movement within plant xylem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengde Zeng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, PR China; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Fei Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, PR China
| | - Jiani Du
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, PR China
| | - Chenghao Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, PR China
| | - Qian Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, PR China
| | - Xinhua Zhan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, PR China.
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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Zhang Z, Zhong L, Xiao W, Du Y, Han G, Yan Z, He D, Zheng C. Transcriptomics combined with physiological analysis reveals the mechanism of cadmium uptake and tolerance in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. under cadmium treatment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1263981. [PMID: 37810396 PMCID: PMC10556529 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1263981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. is a widely used medicinal plant, but its growth and quality can be negatively affected by contamination with the heavy metal cadmium (Cd). Despite the importance of understanding how L. chuanxiong responds to Cd stress, but little is currently known about the underlying mechanisms. Methods To address this gap, we conducted physiological and transcriptomic analyses on L. chuanxiong plants treated with different concentrations of Cd2+ (0 mg·L-1, 5 mg·L-1, 10 mg·L-1, 20 mg·L-1, and 40 mg·L-1). Results Our findings revealed that Cd stress inhibited biomass accumulation and root development while activating the antioxidant system in L. chuanxiong. Root tissues were the primary accumulation site for Cd in this plant species, with Cd being predominantly distributed in the soluble fraction and cell wall. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated the downregulation of differential genes involved in photosynthetic pathways under Cd stress. Conversely, the plant hormone signaling pathway and the antioxidant system exhibited positive responses to Cd regulation. Additionally, the expression of differential genes related to cell wall modification was upregulated, indicating potential enhancements in the root cell wall's ability to sequester Cd. Several differential genes associated with metal transport proteins were also affected by Cd stress, with ATPases, MSR2, and HAM3 playing significant roles in Cd passage from the apoplast to the cell membrane. Furthermore, ABC transport proteins were found to be key players in the intravesicular compartmentalization and efflux of Cd. Discussion In conclusion, our study provides preliminary insights into the mechanisms underlying Cd accumulation and tolerance in L. chuanxiong, leveraging both physiological and transcriptomic approaches. The decrease in photosynthetic capacity and the regulation of plant hormone levels appear to be major factors contributing to growth inhibition in response to Cd stress. Moreover, the upregulation of differential genes involved in cell wall modification suggests a potential mechanism for enhancing root cell wall capabilities in isolating and sequestering Cd. The involvement of specific metal transport proteins further highlights their importance in Cd movement within the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanling Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lele Zhong
- Evaluation and Utilization of Strategic Rare Metals and Rare Earth Resource Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Chengdu Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanting Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaping Du
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guiqi Han
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhuyun Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongmei He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wang B, Wang Y, Yuan X, Jiang Y, Zhu Y, Kang X, He J, Xiao Y. Comparative transcriptomic analysis provides key genetic resources in clove basil ( Ocimum gratissimum) under cadmium stress. Front Genet 2023; 14:1224140. [PMID: 37576563 PMCID: PMC10412823 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1224140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Planting aromatic plant might be a promising strategy for safely utilizing heavy metal (HM)-contaminated soils, as HMs in essential oil could be completely excluded using some special technologies with ease. Clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) is an important aromatic plant used in essential oil production. Improving cadmium (Cd) tolerance in clove basil can increase its production and improve the utilization efficiency of Cd-contaminated soils. However, the lack of genomic information on clove basil greatly restricts molecular studies and applications in phytoremediation. In this study, we demonstrated that high levels of Cd treatments (0.8, 1.6 and 6.5 mg/L) significantly impacted the growth and physiological attributes of clove basil. Cd contents in clove basil tissues increased with treatment concentrations. To identify Cd stress-responsive genes, we conducted a comparative transcriptomic analysis using seedlings cultured in the Hoagland's solution without Cd ion (control) or containing 1.6 mg/L CdCl2 (a moderate concentration of Cd stress for clove basil seedlings). A total of 104.38 Gb clean data with high-quality were generated in clove basil under Cd stress through Illumina sequencing. More than 1,800 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were identified after Cd treatment. The reliability and reproducibility of the transcriptomic data were validated through qRT-PCR analysis and Sanger sequencing. KEGG classification analysis identified the "MAPK signaling pathway," "plant hormone signal transduction" and "plant-pathogen interaction" as the top three pathways. DEGs were divided into five clusters based on their expression patterns during Cd stress. The functional annotation of DEGs indicated that downregulated DEGs were mainly involved in the "photosynthesis system," whereas upregulated DEGs were significantly assigned to the "MAPK signaling pathway" and "plant-pathogen interaction pathway." Furthermore, we identified a total of 78 transcription factors (TFs), including members of bHLH, WRKY, AP2/ERF, and MYB family. The expression of six bHLH genes, one WRKY and one ERF genes were significantly induced by Cd stress, suggesting that these TFs might play essential roles in regulating Cd stress responses. Overall, our study provides key genetic resources and new insights into Cd adaption mechanisms in clove basil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan Aromatic Plant Engineering Research Center, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Yukun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan Aromatic Plant Engineering Research Center, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan Aromatic Plant Engineering Research Center, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan Aromatic Plant Engineering Research Center, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Yunna Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan Aromatic Plant Engineering Research Center, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Xinmiao Kang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan Aromatic Plant Engineering Research Center, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinming He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan Aromatic Plant Engineering Research Center, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Yanhui Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan Aromatic Plant Engineering Research Center, College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
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Sun R, Jiang L, Chen W, Xu Y, Yi X, Zhong G. Azadirachtin exposure inhibit ovary development of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by altering lipids metabolism event and inhibiting insulin signaling pathways. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115151. [PMID: 37356396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are main energy source for insects reproduction, which are becoming emerging target for pest management. Azadirachtin (AZA) is a multi-targeted and promising botanical insecticide, but its reproduction toxicity mechanism related to lipids metabolism is poorly understood. Here, we applied lipidomic and transcriptomic to provide a comprehensive resource for describing the effect of AZA on lipids remodeling in ovary of Spodoptera litura. The results showed that AZA exposure obviously altered the contents of 130 lipids subclasses (76 upregulated and 54 downregulated). In detail, AZA exposure changed the length and saturation degrees of fatty acyl chain of most glycerolipid, phospholipid and sphingolipid as well as the expression of genes related to biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and fatty acids elongation. Besides, following the abnormal lipids metabolism, western blot analysis suggested that AZA induce insulin resistance-like phenotypes by inhibiting insulin receptor substrates (IRS) /PI3K/AKT pathway, which might be responsible for the ovary abnormalities of S. litura. Collectively, our study provided insights into the lipids metabolism event in S. litura underlying AZA exposure, these key metabolites and genes identified in this study would also provide important reference for pest control in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanhao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guohua Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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Song R, Yan B, Xie J, Zhou L, Xu R, Zhou JM, Ji XH, Yi ZL. Comparative proteome profiles of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua rhizomes (Rhizoma Ploygonati) in response to different levels of cadmium stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:149. [PMID: 36935490 PMCID: PMC10026435 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua rhizomes (also known as Rhizoma Polygonati, RP) are consumed for their health benefits. The main source of the RP is wild P. cyrtonema populations in the Hunan province of China. However, the soil Cadmium (Cd) content in Huanan is increasing, thus increasing the risks of Cd accumulation in RP which may end up in the human food chain. To understand the mechanism of Cd accumulation and resistance in P. cyrtonema, we subjected P. cyrtonema plants to four levels of Cd stress [(D2) 1, (D3) 2, (D4) 4, and (D5) 8 mg/kg)] compared to (D1) 0.5 mg/kg. RESULTS The increase in soil Cd content up to 4 mg/kg resulted in a significant increase in tissue (root hair, rhizome, stem, and leaf) Cd content. The increase in Cd concentration variably affected the antioxidant enzyme activities. We could identify 14,171 and 12,115 protein groups and peptides, respectively. There were 193, 227, 260, and 163 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in D2, D3, D4, and D5, respectively, compared to D1. The number of downregulated DEPs increased with an increase in Cd content up to 4 mg/kg. These downregulated proteins belonged to sugar biosynthesis, amino acid biosynthesis-related pathways, and secondary metabolism-related pathways. Our results indicate that Cd stress increases ROS generation, against which, different ROS scavenging proteins are upregulated in P. cyrtonema. Moreover, Cd stress affected the expression of lipid transport and assembly, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, sugar biosynthesis, and ATP generation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that an increase in soil Cd content may end up in Huangjing. Cadmium stress initiates expression changes in multiple pathways related to energy metabolism, sugar biosynthesis, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. The proteins involved in these pathways are potential candidates for manipulation and development of Cd stress-tolerant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Song
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Bei Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Xie
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Min Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Xiong Hui Ji
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Zi Li Yi
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
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9
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Al-Khayri JM, Banadka A, Rashmi R, Nagella P, Alessa FM, Almaghasla MI. Cadmium toxicity in medicinal plants: An overview of the tolerance strategies, biotechnological and omics approaches to alleviate metal stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1047410. [PMID: 36733604 PMCID: PMC9887195 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1047410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants, an important source of herbal medicine, are gaining more demand with the growing human needs in recent times. However, these medicinal plants have been recognized as one of the possible sources of heavy metal toxicity in humans as these medicinal plants are exposed to cadmium-rich soil and water because of extensive industrial and agricultural operations. Cadmium (Cd) is an extremely hazardous metal that has a deleterious impact on plant development and productivity. These plants uptake Cd by symplastic, apoplastic, or via specialized transporters such as HMA, MTPs, NRAMP, ZIP, and ZRT-IRT-like proteins. Cd exerts its effect by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interfere with a range of metabolic and physiological pathways. Studies have shown that it has detrimental effects on various plant growth stages like germination, vegetative and reproductive stages by analyzing the anatomical, morphological and biochemical changes (changes in photosynthetic machinery and membrane permeability). Also, plants respond to Cd toxicity by using various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Furthermore, the ROS generated due to the heavy metal stress alters the genes that are actively involved in signal transduction. Thus, the biosynthetic pathway of the important secondary metabolite is altered thereby affecting the synthesis of secondary metabolites either by enhancing or suppressing the metabolite production. The present review discusses the abundance of Cd and its incorporation, accumulation and translocation by plants, phytotoxic implications, and morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular responses of medicinal plants to Cd toxicity. It explains the Cd detoxification mechanisms exhibited by the medicinal plants and further discusses the omics and biotechnological strategies such as genetic engineering and gene editing CRISPR- Cas 9 approach to ameliorate the Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameel M. Al-Khayri
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akshatha Banadka
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - R Rashmi
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen Nagella
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Fatima M. Alessa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa I. Almaghasla
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Plant Pests, and Diseases Unit, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Alam I, Manghwar H, Zhang H, Yu Q, Ge L. Identification of GOLDEN2-like transcription factor genes in soybeans and their role in regulating plant development and metal ion stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1052659. [PMID: 36438095 PMCID: PMC9691782 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1052659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Golden 2-Like (G2-like or GLK) transcription factors are essential for plant growth, development, and many stress responses as well as heavy metal stress. However, G2-like regulatory genes have not been studied in soybean. This study identified the genes for 130 G2-Like candidates' in the genome of Glycine max (soybean). These GLK genes were located on all 20 chromosomes, and several of them were segmentally duplicated. Most GLK family proteins are highly conserved in Arabidopsis and soybean and were classified into five major groups based on phylogenetic analysis. These GmGLK gene promoters share cis-acting elements involved in plant responses to abscisic acid, methyl jasmonate, auxin signaling, low temperature, and biotic and abiotic stresses. RNA-seq expression data revealed that the GLK genes were classified into 12 major groups and differentially expressed in different tissues or organs. The co-expression network complex revealed that the GmGLK genes encode proteins involved in the interaction of genes related to chlorophyll biosynthesis, circadian rhythms, and flowering regulation. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis confirmed the expression profiles of eight GLK genes in response to cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) stress, with some GLK genes significantly induced by both Cd and Cu stress treatments, implying a functional role in defense responsiveness. Thus, we present a comprehensive perspective of the GLK genes in soybean and emphasize their important role in crop development and metal ion stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intikhab Alam
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hakim Manghwar
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanyin Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianxia Yu
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liangfa Ge
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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11
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Matos TM, Cruz R, Peralta DF, Melo-de-Pinna GFDA, dos Santos DYAC. Cuticle structure and chemical composition of waxes in Phaeoceros laevis (L.) Prosk (Notothyladaceae, Anthocerotophyta). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:785812. [PMID: 36340379 PMCID: PMC9634757 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.785812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of a hydrophobic cuticle covering the epidermis was a crucial evolutionary novelty ensuring the establishment of land plants. However, there is little information about its structure and chemical composition, as well as its functional implications in avascular lineages such as Anthocerotophyta. The main goal of the present study was to compare the gametophyte and sporophyte cuticles of Phaeoceros laevis. Semithin sections were analyzed through light microscopy (LM), cuticle structure was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and epicuticular wax morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Total waxes were analyzed by CG/MS, and the components were identified based on the mass spectra. A thin lipophilic layer was detected on the sporophyte surface, structured as a stratified cuticular layer, similar to the well-known structure described for vascular plants. On the other hand, the gametophyte cuticle was observed only with TEM as a thin osmiophilic layer. SEM analyses showed a film-type wax on the surface of both life phases. The wax layer was eight-fold thicker on the sporophyte (0.8 µg cm-2) than on gametophyte (0.1 µg cm-2). Possible mechanical and/or drought protection are discussed. Fatty acids, primary alcohols, and steroids were identified in both life phases, while the kauren-16-ene diterpene (3%) was detected only on the sporophyte. Although no alkanes were detected in P. laevis, our findings unveil great similarity of the sporophyte cuticle of this hornwort species with the general data described for vascular plants, reinforcing the conservative condition of this character and supporting the previous idea that the biosynthetic machinery involved in the synthesis of wax compounds is conserved since the ancestor of land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Machado Matos
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Cruz
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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12
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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Stress Tolerance to and Accumulation Mechanisms of Cadmium in Paspalum vaginatum Swartz. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162078. [PMID: 36015382 PMCID: PMC9414793 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential heavy metal and high concentrations in plants causes toxicity of their edible parts and acts as a carcinogen to humans and animals. Paspalum vaginatum is widely cultivating as turfgrass due to its higher abiotic stress tolerance ability. However, there is no clear evidence to elucidate the mechanism for heavy metal tolerance, including Cd. In this study, an RNA sequencing technique was employed to investigate the key genes associated with Cd stress tolerance and accumulation in P. vaginatum. The results revealed that antioxidant enzyme activities catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione S-transferase GST) were significantly higher at 24 h than in other treatments. A total of 6820 (4457/2363, up-/down-regulated), 14,038 (9894/4144, up-/down-regulated) and 17,327 (7956/9371, up-/down-regulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the Cd1 vs. Cd0, Cd4 vs. Cd0, and Cd24 vs. Cd0, respectively, were identified. The GO analysis and the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs participated in many significant pathways in response to Cd stress. The response to abiotic stimulus, the metal transport mechanism, glutathione metabolism, and the consistency of transcription factor activity were among the most enriched pathways. The validation of gene expression by qRT-PCR results showed that heavy metal transporters and signaling response genes were significantly enriched with increasing sampling intervals, presenting consistency to the transcriptome data. Furthermore, over-expression of PvSnRK2.7 can positively regulate Cd-tolerance in Arabidopsis. In conclusion, our results provided a novel molecular mechanism of the Cd stress tolerance of P. vaginatum and will lay the foundation for target breeding of Cd tolerance in turfgrass.
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13
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Unraveling Cadmium Toxicity in Trifolium repens L. Seedling: Insight into Regulatory Mechanisms Using Comparative Transcriptomics Combined with Physiological Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094612. [PMID: 35563002 PMCID: PMC9105629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Trifolium repens (T. repens) can accumulate significant amounts of heavy metal ions, and has strong adaptability to wide environmental conditions, and relatively large biomass, which is considered a potential plant for phytoremediation. However, the molecular mechanisms of T. repens involved in Cd tolerance have not yet been studied in detail. This study was conducted to examine the integrative responses of T. repens exposed to a high-level CdCl2 by investigating the physiological and transcriptomic analyses. The results suggested that T. repens seedlings had a high degree of tolerance to Cd treatment. The roots accumulated higher Cd concentration than leaves and were mainly distributed in the cell wall. The content of MDA, soluble protein, the relative electrolyte leakage, and three antioxidant enzymes (POD, SOD, and APX) was increased with the Cd treatment time increasing, but the CAT enzymes contents were decreased in roots. Furthermore, the transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) mainly enriched in the glutathione (GSH) metabolism pathway and the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in the roots. Overexpressed genes in the lignin biosynthesis in the roots might improve Cd accumulation in cell walls. Moreover, the DEGs were also enriched in photosynthesis in the leaves, transferase activity, oxidoreductase activity, and ABA signal transduction, which might also play roles in reducing Cd toxicity in the plants. All the above, clearly suggest that T. repens employ several different mechanisms to protect itself against Cd stress, while the cell wall biosynthesis and GSH metabolism could be considered the most important specific mechanisms for Cd retention in the roots of T. repens.
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14
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Yang J, Li L, Zhang X, Wu S, Han X, Li X, Xu J. Comparative Transcriptomics Analysis of Roots and Leaves under Cd Stress in Calotropis gigantea L. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063329. [PMID: 35328749 PMCID: PMC8955323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Calotropis gigantea is often found in mining areas with heavy metal pollution. However, little is known about the physiological and molecular response mechanism of C. gigantea to Cd stress. In the present study, Cd tolerance characteristic of C. gigantea and the potential mechanisms were explored. Seed germination test results showed that C. gigantea had a certain Cd tolerance capacity. Biochemical and transcriptomic analysis indicated that the roots and leaves of C. gigantea had different responses to early Cd stress. A total of 176 and 1618 DEGs were identified in the roots and leaves of C. gigantea treated with Cd compared to the control samples, respectively. Results indicated that oxidative stress was mainly initiated in the roots of C. gigantea, whereas the leaves activated several Cd detoxification processes to cope with Cd, including the upregulation of genes involved in Cd transport (i.e., absorption, efflux, or compartmentalization), cell wall remodeling, antioxidant system, and chelation. This study provides preliminary information to understand how C. gigantea respond to Cd stress, which is useful for evaluating the potential of C. gigantea in the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.W.); (X.H.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honghe 654400, China
| | - Lingxiong Li
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China;
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.W.); (X.H.)
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Shibo Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.W.); (X.H.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honghe 654400, China
| | - Xiaohui Han
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.W.); (X.H.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honghe 654400, China
| | - Xiong Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.W.); (X.H.)
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honghe 654400, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Jianchu Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Y.); (X.Z.); (S.W.); (X.H.)
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honghe 654400, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (J.X.)
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15
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McEvoy SL, Sezen UU, Trouern‐Trend A, McMahon SM, Schaberg PG, Yang J, Wegrzyn JL, Swenson NG. Strategies of tolerance reflected in two North American maple genomes. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:1591-1613. [PMID: 34967059 PMCID: PMC9304320 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The first chromosome‐scale assemblies for North American members of the Acer genus, sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and boxelder (Acer negundo), as well as transcriptomic evaluation of the abiotic stress response in A. saccharum are reported. This integrated study describes in‐depth aspects contributing to each species' approach to tolerance and applies current knowledge in many areas of plant genome biology with Acer physiology to help convey the genomic complexities underlying tolerance in broadleaf tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L. McEvoy
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - U. Uzay Sezen
- Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterEdgewaterMaryland21037USA
| | - Alexander Trouern‐Trend
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Sean M. McMahon
- Smithsonian Environmental Research CenterEdgewaterMaryland21037USA
| | - Paul G. Schaberg
- Forest ServiceU.S. Department of Agriculture, Northern Research StationBurlingtonVermont05405USA
| | - Jie Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla666303YunnanChina
| | - Jill L. Wegrzyn
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Nathan G. Swenson
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Notre DameNotre DameIndiana46556USA
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16
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Cai K, Zhou X, Li X, Kang Y, Yang X, Cui Y, Li G, Pei X, Zhao X. Insight Into the Multiple Branches Traits of a Mutant in Larix olgensis by Morphological, Cytological, and Transcriptional Analyses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:787661. [PMID: 34992622 PMCID: PMC8724527 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.787661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Larix olgensis is a tall deciduous tree species that has many applications in the wood fiber industry. Bud mutations are somatic mutations in plants and are considered an ideal material to identify and describe the molecular mechanism of plant mutation. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of bud mutations in L. olgensis remain unknown. In this study, dwarfed (or stunted), short-leaved, and multi-branched mutants of L. olgensis were found and utilized to identify crucial genes and regulatory networks controlling the multiple branch structure of L. olgensis. The physiological data showed that the branch number, bud number, fresh and dry weight, tracheid length, tracheid length-width ratio, inner tracheid diameter, and epidermal cell area of mutant plants were higher than that of wild-type plants. Hormone concentration measurements found that auxin, gibberellin, and abscisic acid in the mutant leaves were higher than that in wild-type plants. Moreover, the transcriptome sequencing of all samples using the Illumina Hiseq sequencing platform. Transcriptome analysis identified, respectively, 632, 157, and 199 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in buds, leaves, and stems between mutant plants and wild type. DEGs were found to be involved in cell division and differentiation, shoot apical meristem activity, plant hormone biosynthesis, and sugar metabolism. Furthermore, bZIP, WRKY, and AP2/ERF family transcription factors play a role in bud formation. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of L. olgensis bud and branch formation and establishes a fundamental understanding of the breeding of new varieties in L. olgensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Cai
- College of Forestry and Grassland, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Kang
- Seed Orchard of Siping, Siping, China
| | | | | | | | - Xiaona Pei
- College of Forestry and Grassland, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiyang Zhao
- College of Forestry and Grassland, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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