Hoseini M, Paknejad H, Sudagar M, Anvarifar H, Shekarabi SPH. Nucleotides supplementation (Nucleoforce fish™) in Caspian roach (Rutilus caspicus) diet: Growth performance, skin mucosal immune response, and resistance to salinity stress.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024;
146:109381. [PMID:
38246268 DOI:
10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109381]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the growth, epidermal mucosal immunity, expression of growth-related genes, cross-protection, and resistance to salinity stress of Caspian roach were scrutinized in response to dietary levels of nucleotides (NT). Accordingly, 1200 fish (0.51 ± 0.01 g) were fed ad libitum with a basal diet (38.88 % crude protein and 10.04 % crude lipid in dry basis) containing incremental levels of NT at 0 (NT-0; control), 0.3 g kg-1 (NT-0.3), 0.6 g kg-1 (NT-0.6), and 1.2 g kg-1 (NT-1.2) for 8 weeks in triplicates. The growth performance was significantly increased in the fish fed with NT-0.6 and NT-1.2 diets compared to the control group (p < 0.05). A significant elevation in the growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I gene expression was recorded in NT-added groups at 0.6 and 1.2 g kg-1 compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In contrast to the control group, feeding on NT-0.6 and NT-1.2 diets had a remarkable effect on the skin mucus soluble protein and immunoglobulin levels (p < 0.05). After the feeding trial, we examined how salinity stress (15 g/l salinity) lonely and salinity stress under non-lethal thermal shock (+10 °C) affected heat shock protein (HSP70). Then, the mRNA expression of HSP70 gene from the gill was analyzed at 0, 2, 8, and 24 h post-challenge tests. The HSP70 gene expression level was approximately up-regulated more than 2-fold in NT-6 and NT-1.2 treatments compared to the control group under the salinity stress. Altogether, this research represents that the addition of NT at 0.6 and 1.2 g kg-1 in Caspian roach diet can improve overall performance and resistance to salinity stress.
Collapse