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Giri SS, Kim HJ, Jung WJ, Bin Lee S, Joo SJ, Gupta SK, Park SC. Probiotics in addressing heavy metal toxicities in fish farming: Current progress and perspective. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 282:116755. [PMID: 39053044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of aquatic environments adversely affects the health of aquatic organisms and consumption of fish contaminated with heavy metals poses serious health risks to humans. Among various strategies, probiotics (living microorganisms known to have beneficial effects on the host), which have been extensively applied in the aquaculture industry, could be helpful for heavy metal detoxification and remediation. Several probiotics, including Lactobacillus strains, exhibit heavy metal binding, high heavy metal tolerance, and other beneficial characteristics for the host. Notably, numerous probiotics have been reported to bind heavy metals and excrete them from the host. Various probiotic strains (Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Lactococcus, etc.) show beneficial effects in alleviating heavy metal toxicity in cultured fish species. Certain probiotic bacteria reduce the absorption and bioavailability of heavy metals by enhancing heavy metal detoxification and sequestration while preserving gut barrier function. This review summarises the toxic effects of selected heavy metals on the health of farmed fish and discusses the role of probiotic strains in remediating the consequential exposure-induced immune toxicity and oxidative stress. Moreover, we discussed the protective strategies of probiotics against heavy metal accumulation in various tissues and gut dysbiosis in fish to alleviate heavy metal toxicity in fish farming, thereby promoting a sustainable blue economy worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sib Sankar Giri
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
| | - Hyoun Joong Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, South Korea
| | - Won Joon Jung
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Sung Bin Lee
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Su Jin Joo
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Sanjay Kumar Gupta
- ICAR, Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi 834003, India.
| | - Se Chang Park
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
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Ma L, Zhou B, Liu H, Chen S, Zhang J, Wang T, Wang C. Dietary rutin improves the antidiarrheal capacity of weaned piglets by improving intestinal barrier function, antioxidant capacity and cecal microbiota composition. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:6262-6275. [PMID: 38466088 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early weaning is prone to damage intestinal barrier function, resulting in diarrhea, whereas rutin, as a natural flavonoid with multiple biological functions, shows potential in piglets. Therefore, the effects of dietary rutin on growth, antidiarrheal, barrier function, antioxidant status and cecal microbiota of weaned piglets were investigated with the control group (CON) (basal diet) and Rutin (basal diet+500 mg kg-1 rutin) groups fed for 14 days. RESULTS The results showed that dietary 500 mg kg-1 rutin significantly decreased diarrhea index, serum diamine oxidase activity and total aerobic bacterial population in mesenteric lymph nodes, whereas it significantly increased the gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) and serum growth hormone content, jejunal villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio, and also enhanced jejunal claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1 mRNA and protein expression. Meanwhile, dietary rutin significantly decreased inflammation-associated mRNA expression, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, swollen mitochondrial number and mitochondrial area in the jejunum, whereas it increased the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activities and activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Moreover, dietary rutin significantly increased Firmicutes abundance and decreased Campylobacterota abundance, which were closely associated with the decreased diarrhea index and MDA content or increased Claudin-1 expression and T-SOD activity. CONCLUSION Dietary 500 mg kg-1 rutin increased G:F by improving intestinal morphology, and alleviated diarrhea by enhancing intestinal barrier, which might be associated with the enhanced antioxidant capacity via activating the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway and the improved cecal microbial composition in weaned piglets. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binbin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Mutlu M, Simsek UG, Iflazoglu S, Yilmaz A, Karabulut B, Incili CA, Cevik A, Incili GK, Seven PT, Iflazoglu Mutlu S. Potential effect dietary supplementation of calcium tetraborate in quails exposed to cadmium: Its impact on productive performance, oxidative stress, cecal microflora, and histopathological changes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115883. [PMID: 38157802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, and Cd exposure harms human health, agriculture, and animal husbandry. The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of dietary supplementation of calcium tetraborate (CTB) on productive performance, oxidative stress, cecal microflora, and histopathological changes in quail exposed to Cd. A total of one hundred twenty, 6-week-old Japanese quail (four females and two males/replicate) were divided into four groups (30 quails/group): the control group (feeding basic diet), CTB group (basic diet containing 300 mg/kg CaB4O7, 22.14% elemental B/kg diet), the Cd group (basic diet containing 100 mg/kg cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (total Cd content of 92.1 mg/kg)) and the CTB + Cd group (basic diet containing 300 mg/kg CTB and 100 mg/kg CdCl2). The results showed that Cd exposure caused decreased performance, increased the proportion of broken and soft-shelled eggs, induced oxidative stress, affected cecal microflora, epicardial hemorrhages in the heart, focal necrosis in the liver, degeneration in the kidneys, and degenerated and necrotic seminiferous tubules in the testicles. CTB prevented Cd-induced oxidative stress in liver tissue by increasing total antioxidant status and reducing total oxidant status. In addition, CTB improved egg production and feed conversion ratio (FCR). CTB protected the cecal microflora by inhibiting Enterobacteriaceae and promoting Lactobacillus. CTB also reduced Cd-induced histopathological damage in the heart, liver, kidneys, and testicles. In conclusion, these findings suggest that CTB could be used in Cd-challenged quail, and this compound provides new insights into the toxicity of environmental Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhsin Mutlu
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Ulku Gulcihan Simsek
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Sera Iflazoglu
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; TUBITAK Space Technologies Research Institute, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Aysen Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Burak Karabulut
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Canan Akdeniz Incili
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Aydın Cevik
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Kursad Incili
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Pinar Tatli Seven
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey
| | - Seda Iflazoglu Mutlu
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey.
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Xu X, Xu Z, Yang B, Yi K, He F, Sun A, Li J, Luo Y, Wang J. Assessing the Effects of Dietary Cadmium Exposure on the Gastrointestinal Tract of Beef Cattle via Microbiota and Transcriptome Profile. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3104. [PMID: 37835710 PMCID: PMC10571678 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant, widely existing in soil, and can be absorbed and accumulated by plants. Hunan Province exhibits the worst cadmium contamination of farmland in China. Ruminants possess an abundant microbial population in the rumen, which enables them to tolerate various poisonous plants. To investigate whether the rumen microbiota could respond to Cd and mitigate the toxicity of Cd-accumulated maize to ruminants, 6-month-old cattle were fed with 85.82% (fresh basis) normal whole-plant maize silage diet (CON, n = 10) or Cd-accumulated whole-plant maize silage diet (CAM, n = 10) for 107 days. When compared to the CON cattle, CAM cattle showed significantly higher gain-to-feed ratio and an increased total bacterial population in the rumen, but a decreased total bacterial population in the colon. CAM cattle had higher relative abundance of Prevotella and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group in the rumen, and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group and Clostridia vadinBB60 group in the colon. Notably, microbial correlations were enhanced in all segments of CAM cattle, especially Peptostreptococcaceae in the jejunum. Transcriptome analysis revealed down-regulation of several immune-related genes in the rumen of CAM cattle, and differentially expressed genes in the rumen were mostly involved in immune regulation. These findings indicated that feeding Cd-accumulated maize diet with a Cd concentration of 6.74 mg/kg dry matter (DM) could stimulate SCFA-related bacteria in the rumen, induce hormesis to promote weight gain, and improve energy utilization of cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.X.); (Z.X.); (B.Y.)
| | - Zebang Xu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.X.); (Z.X.); (B.Y.)
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.X.); (Z.X.); (B.Y.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Kangle Yi
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China; (K.Y.); (F.H.); (A.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Fang He
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China; (K.Y.); (F.H.); (A.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Ao Sun
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China; (K.Y.); (F.H.); (A.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianbo Li
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China; (K.Y.); (F.H.); (A.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Yang Luo
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.X.); (Z.X.); (B.Y.)
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China; (K.Y.); (F.H.); (A.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiakun Wang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.X.); (Z.X.); (B.Y.)
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Priya PS, Murugan R, Almutairi BO, Arokiyaraj S, Shanjeev P, Arockiaraj J. Delineating the protective action of cordycepin against cadmium induced oxidative stress and gut inflammation through downregulation of NF-κB pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 102:104246. [PMID: 37595934 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exposure is known to cause gut inflammation. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of cordycepin, a natural compound with pharmacological properties, against gut inflammation induced by Cd exposure. Using zebrafish larvae and colon cell line models, we examined the impact of cordycepin on Cd-induced toxicity and inflammation. Zebrafish larvae were exposed to Cd (2 µg/mL) and treated with different concentrations of cordycepin (12.5, 25 and 50 µg/mL). Cordycepin treatment significantly reduced Cd-induced embryotoxicity in zebrafish larvae. It also alleviated Cd-induced oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and apoptosis. Furthermore, cordycepin treatment normalized the levels of liver-related biomarkers affected due to Cd exposure. Additionally, cordycepin (50 µg/mL) demonstrated a significant reduction in Cd bioaccumulation and downregulated the expression of inflammatory genes in both zebrafish larval gut and colon cell lines. These findings suggest that cordycepin could be an effective agent against Cd-induced gut inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Snega Priya
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulatur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghul Murugan
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulatur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bader O Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Selvaraj Arokiyaraj
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - P Shanjeev
- SG's Supreme Organics, Plot 148, Sri Valli Nagar, Nandhivaram Village, Guduvancherry, Chennai 603202, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulatur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Graham D, Petrone-Garcia VM, Hernandez-Velasco X, Coles ME, Juarez-Estrada MA, Latorre JD, Chai J, Shouse S, Zhao J, Forga AJ, Senas-Cuesta R, Laverty L, Martin K, Trujillo-Peralta C, Loeza I, Gray LS, Hargis BM, Tellez-Isaias G. Assessing the effects of a mixed Eimeria spp. challenge on performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome of broiler chickens. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1224647. [PMID: 37662988 PMCID: PMC10470081 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1224647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A mixed Eimeria spp. challenge model was designed to assess the effects of challenge on broiler chicken performance, intestinal integrity, and the gut microbiome for future use to evaluate alternative strategies for controlling coccidiosis in broiler chickens. The experimental design involved broiler chickens divided into two groups: a control group (uninfected) and a positive control group, infected with Eimeria acervulina (EA), Eimeria maxima (EM), and Eimeria tenella (ET). At day-of-hatch, 240 off-sex male broiler chicks were randomized and allocated to one of two treatment groups. The treatment groups included: (1) Non-challenged (NC, n = 5 replicate pens); and (2) challenged control (PC, n = 7 replicate pens) with 20 chickens/pen. Pen weights were recorded at d0, d16, d31, d42, and d52 to determine average body weight (BW) and (BWG). Feed intake was measured at d16, d31, d42, and d52 to calculate feed conversion ratio (FCR). Four diet phases included a starter d0-16, grower d16-31, finisher d31-42, and withdrawal d42-52 diet. At d18, chickens were orally challenged with 200 EA, 3,000 EM, and 500 ET sporulated oocysts/chicken. At d24 (6-day post-challenge) and d37 (19-day post-challenge), intestinal lesion scores were recorded. Additionally, at d24, FITC-d was used as a biomarker to evaluate intestinal permeability and ileal tissue sections were collected for histopathology and gene expression of tight junction proteins. Ileal and cecal contents were also collected to assess the impact of challenge on the microbiome. BWG and FCR from d16-31 was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in PC compared to NC. At d24, intestinal lesion scores were markedly higher in the PC compared to the NC. Intestinal permeability was significantly increased in the PC group based on serum FITC-d levels. Cadherin 1 (CDH1), calprotectin (CALPR), and connexin 45 (Cx45) expression was also upregulated in the ileum of the PC group at d24 (6-day post-challenge) while villin 1 (VIL1) was downregulated in the ileum of the PC group. Additionally, Clostridium perfringens (ASV1) was enriched in the cecal content of the PC group. This model could be used to assess the effect of alternative coccidiosis control methods during the post-challenge with EA, EM, and ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Graham
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Victor M. Petrone-Garcia
- College of Higher Studies Cuautitlan, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Cuautitlan Izcalli, Mexico
| | - Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco
- Department of Medicine and Zootechnics of Birds, College of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Makenly E. Coles
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Marco A. Juarez-Estrada
- Department of Medicine and Zootechnics of Birds, College of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan D. Latorre
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Jianmin Chai
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Stephanie Shouse
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Aaron J. Forga
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Roberto Senas-Cuesta
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Lauren Laverty
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Kristen Martin
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Carolina Trujillo-Peralta
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Ileana Loeza
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Latasha S. Gray
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Billy M. Hargis
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Guillermo Tellez-Isaias
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Liu S, Deng X, Li Z, Zhou W, Wang G, Zhan J, Hu B. Environmental cadmium exposure alters the internal microbiota and metabolome of Sprague-Dawley rats. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1219729. [PMID: 37565077 PMCID: PMC10410080 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1219729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element that can negatively affect both humans and animals. It enters the human and animal bodies through the respiratory and digestive tracts, following which it tends to accumulate in different organs, thereby seriously affecting human and animal health, as well as hampering social and economic development. Cd exposure can alter the composition of intestinal microbiota. In addition, it can damage the peripheral organs by causing the translocation of intestinal microbiota. However, the relationship between translocation-induced changes in the composition of microbiome in the blood and metabolic changes remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Cd exposure on microbiota and serum metabolism in rats by omics analysis. The results demonstrated that Cd exposure disrupted the balance between the blood and intestinal flora in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, with a significant increase in gut microbiota (Clostridia_UCG_014, NK4A214_group) and blood microbiome (Corynebacterium, Muribaculaceae). However, Cd exposure caused the translocation of Corynebacterium and Muribaculaceae from the gut into the blood. In addition, Cd exposure was associated with the up-regulation of serum indoxyl sulfate, phenyl sulfate, and p-cresol sulfate; down-regulation of δ-tocopherol and L-glutamine; and changes in blood microbiome and metabolites. In conclusion, we identified novel metabolic biomarkers for Cd toxicity, which will also expand our understanding of the role of blood microbiome in Cd-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songqing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Deng
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Li
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiasui Zhan
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Binhong Hu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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8
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Gui J, Azad MAK, Lin W, Meng C, Hu X, Cui Y, Lan W, He J, Kong X. Dietary supplementation with Chinese herb ultrafine powder improves intestinal morphology and physical barrier function by altering jejunal microbiota in laying hens. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1185806. [PMID: 37260679 PMCID: PMC10227515 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1185806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chinese medicinal herbs play important roles in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. However, the effects of Chinese herb ultrafine powder (CHUP) on laying hens still need to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary CHUP supplementation on jejunal morphology, physical barrier function, and microbiota in laying hens. Methods A total of 576 Xinyang black-feather laying hens (300 days old) were randomly assigned into eight groups, with eight replicates per group and nine hens per replicate. The hens were fed a basal diet (control group) and a basal diet supplemented with 0.5% Leonuri herba (LH group), 0.25% Ligustri lucidi fructus (LF group), 0.25% Taraxaci herba (TH group), 0.5% LH + 0.25% LF (LH-LF group), 0.5% LH + 0.25% TH (LH-TH group), 0.25% LF + 0.25% TH (LF-TH group), and 0.5% LH + 0.25% LF + 0.25% TH (LH-LF-TH group), respectively, for 120 days. Results The results showed that dietary LH-LF and LH-LF-TH supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the jejunal villus height to crypt depth ratio of laying hens. Dietary LF-TH supplementation up-regulated jejunal claudin-5 expression, while LH supplementation up-regulated jejunal claudin-1 expression and increased the jejunal abundances of potentially beneficial bacteria related to short-chain fatty acids and bacteriocins production, such as Blautia, Carnobacterium, Clostridiales, and Erysipelotrichales (p < 0.05). In addition, dietary LH supplementation enriched (p < 0.05) the tetracycline biosynthesis, butirosin/neomycin biosynthesis, and D-arginine/D-ornithine metabolism, whereas steroid biosynthesis and limonene/pinene degradation were enriched (p < 0.05) in the LH-LF and LH-LF-TH groups. Moreover, Spearman's correlation analysis revealed the potential correlation between the abundance of the jejunal microbiota and jejunal morphology and the physical barrier function of laying hens. Discussion Collectively, these findings suggest that dietary CHUP supplementation could enhance the beneficial bacteria abundance, physical barrier function, and metabolic function associated with short-chain fatty acids and bacteriocins production. Moreover, combined supplementation of dietary CHUP showed better effects than the sole CHUP supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Gui
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Md Abul Kalam Azad
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenchao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengwen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Yadong Cui
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Lan
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Jianhua He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Liu X, Ma Z, Wang Y, Li L, Jia H, Zhang L. Compound probiotics can improve intestinal health by affecting the gut microbiota of broilers. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad388. [PMID: 37982805 PMCID: PMC10724112 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics, as a widely used additive, have played a unique advantage in replacing antibiotic products. As a result, the probiotic effects on broiler development, intestinal flora, intestinal barrier, and immunity were assessed by this investigation. Four hundred and eighty 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allotted to 4 groups of 5 replicates with 24 broilers each. The control was fed only a basal corn-soybean meal diet. Probiotics I, probiotics II, and probiotics III were fed basal diet and 1, 5, and 10 g/kg compound probiotics (Lactobacillus casei: Lactobacillus acidophilus: Bifidobacterium = 1:1:2), respectively. We found that broilers in the compound probiotic group exhibited better growth performance and carcass characteristics compared with control, especially among probiotics III group. The intestinal barrier-related genes relative expression of Claudin, Occludin, MUC2, and ZO-1 mRNA in the probiotic group increased at 21 and 42 d compared with control, especially among probiotics III group (P < 0.05). The early gut immune-related genes (TLR2, TLR4, IL-1β, and IL-2) mRNA increased compared with control, while the trend at 42 d was completely opposite to that in the earlier stage (P < 0.05). Among them, probiotics III group showed the most significant changes compared to probiotics II group and probiotics I group. Select probiotics III group and control group for 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing analysis. The 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing results demonstrated that probiotics increased the relative abundance of beneficial microbes such as o_Bacteroidales, f_Rikenellaceae, and g_Alistipes and improved the cecum's gut microbiota of 42-day-old broilers. Additionally, adding the probiotics decreased the relative abundance of harmful microbes such as Proteobacteria. PICRUSt2 functional analysis revealed that most proteins were enriched in DNA replication, transcription, and glycolysis processes. Therefore, this study can provide theoretical reference value for probiotics to improve production performance, improve intestinal barrier, immunity, intestinal flora of broilers, and the application of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for the Modernization of TCVM, College of Life and Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhenhua Ma
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for the Modernization of TCVM, College of Life and Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for the Modernization of TCVM, College of Life and Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for the Modernization of TCVM, College of Life and Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for the Modernization of TCVM, College of Life and Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Lihuan Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for the Modernization of TCVM, College of Life and Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
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