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Huang Z, Liao Y, Zheng Y, Ye S, Zhang Q, Yu X, Liu X, Li N. Zinc Deficiency Causes Glomerulosclerosis and Renal Interstitial Fibrosis Through Oxidative Stress and Increased Lactate Metabolism in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04306-1. [PMID: 39028478 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04306-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a highly prevalent condition characterized by renal fibrosis as its ultimate manifestation. Zinc deficiency is closely associated with CKD, evidenced by its link to renal fibrosis. Recently, local lactic acidosis has been demonstrated to promote renal fibrosis. Under zinc-deficient conditions, mitochondrial function is compromised and abnormal lactate metabolism might be induced potentially. However, it remains unclear whether zinc deficiency leads to renal fibrosis through local lactic acidosis. Zinc deficiency rat models were successfully established by feeding zinc-deficient diet. Western blot, qPCR, IHC, and other experiments were employed to investigate the key markers and molecular mechanisms of glomerulosclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis. Our results indicate that zinc deficiency reduces specific markers of podocytes (podocalyxin, WT1, and nephrin) and activates the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway, a key pathway in podocyte injury. Concurrently, glomerulosclerosis is indicated by increased urinary microalbumin and serum creatinine levels along with histological alteration observed through PAS and Masson staining in zinc-deficient rats. Furthermore, various degrees of upregulation for several markers of interstitial fibrosis including α-SMA, FN1 and collagen III are also revealed. These findings were further confirmed by Masson staining and IHC. Additionally, alterations in four markers in the EMT process, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, Vimentin, and snail, were consistent with expectations. We then confirmed the activation of the non-canonical TGF-β1 pathway known as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. An elevation in renal ROS levels accompanied by increased mitochondrial marker cytochrome C expression as well as an elevated NADH/NAD + ratio is also observed within the kidneys. Furthermore, the activity of both MMP/TIMP system and fibrinolytic system was abnormally enhanced under zinc deficiency conditions. Finally, we find zinc supplementation could significantly ameliorate relevant pathological alterations induced by zinc deficiency. These results collectively point that zinc deficiency causes podocyte damage ultimately resulting in glomerulosclerosis via accumulation of ROS and induces interstitial fibrosis via lactic acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yajie Liao
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yunxi Zheng
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Shang Ye
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Ningxu Li
- Department of Nephrology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Dymanowska-Dyjak I, Frankowska K, Abramiuk M, Polak G. Oxidative Imbalance in Endometriosis-Related Infertility-The Therapeutic Role of Antioxidants. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6298. [PMID: 38928002 PMCID: PMC11204103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis in half of affected women is closely related to problems with fertility. Endometriosis-associated infertility is caused by a wide range of abnormalities affecting the female reproductive tract, from oocyte quality impairment to disturbances in the eutopic endometrium or mechanical abnormalities resulting from disease progression. Since supportive antioxidant therapies, in addition to surgical treatment or assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs), have overall been proven to be effective tools in endometriosis management, the objective of our review was to analyze the role of antioxidant substances, including vitamins, micronutrients, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), curcumin, melatonin, and resveratrol, in endometriosis-related infertility. Most of these substances have been proven to alleviate the systemic oxidant predominance, which has been expressed through decreased oxidative stress (OS) markers and enhanced antioxidative defense. In addition, we demonstrated that the predominant effect of the aforementioned substances is the inhibition of the development of endometriotic lesions as well as the suppression of pro-inflammatory molecules. Although we can undoubtedly conclude that antioxidants are beneficial in fertility support, further studies explaining the detailed pathways of their action are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Dymanowska-Dyjak
- Independent Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.-D.); (M.A.)
| | - Karolina Frankowska
- Student Scientific Association, Independent Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Abramiuk
- Independent Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.-D.); (M.A.)
| | - Grzegorz Polak
- Independent Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.-D.); (M.A.)
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Li W, Huang X, Wei Y, Yin T, Diao L. Connecting the dots: the role of fatigue in female infertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:66. [PMID: 38849828 PMCID: PMC11157719 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatigue, an increasingly acknowledged symptom in various chronic diseases, has garnered heightened attention, during the medical era of bio-psycho-social model. Its persistence not only significantly compromises an individual's quality of life but also correlates with chronic organ damage. Surprisingly, the intricate relationship between fatigue and female reproductive health, specifically infertility, remains largely unexplored. Our exploration into the existing body of evidence establishes a compelling link between fatigue with uterine and ovarian diseases, as well as conditions associated with infertility, such as rheumatism. This observation suggests a potentially pivotal role of fatigue in influencing overall female fertility. Furthermore, we propose a hypothetical mechanism elucidating the impact of fatigue on infertility from multiple perspectives, postulating that neuroendocrine, neurotransmitter, inflammatory immune, and mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from fatigue and its co-factors may further contribute to endocrine disorders, menstrual irregularities, and sexual dysfunction, ultimately leading to infertility. In addition to providing this comprehensive theoretical framework, we summarize anti-fatigue strategies and accentuate current knowledge gaps. By doing so, our aim is to offer novel insights, stimulate further research, and advance our understanding of the crucial interplay between fatigue and female reproductive health.
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Grants
- 82371684, 82271672 General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82371684, 82271672 General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82371684, 82271672 General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82371684, 82271672 General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82371684, 82271672 General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- JCRCWL-2022-001 the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
- JCRCWL-2022-001 the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
- JCRCWL-2022-001 the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
- JCRCWL-2022-001 the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
- JCRCWL-2022-001 the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
- 2022A1515010650, 2023A1515011675 the General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
- 2022A1515010650, 2023A1515011675 the General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
- 2022A1515010650, 2023A1515011675 the General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
- 2022A1515010650, 2023A1515011675 the General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
- 2022A1515010650, 2023A1515011675 the General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhu Li
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, The University of Hong Kong- Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518053, China
| | - Yiqiu Wei
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Tailang Yin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Lianghui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518045, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri- implantation, Shenzhen, 518045, China.
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Liu WJ, Li LS, Lan MF, Shang JZ, Zhang JX, Xiong WJ, Lai XL, Duan X. Zinc deficiency deteriorates ovarian follicle development and function by inhibiting mitochondrial function. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:115. [PMID: 38807213 PMCID: PMC11134637 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is a crucial trace element essential for human growth and development, particularly for reproductive health. Previous research has shown a decrease in serum zinc concentration with age and individuals with conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and diabetes mellitus. However, the specific effects of zinc deficiency on the female reproductive system, especially ovarian function, are not fully understood. In our study, we observed a significant reduction in the total number of follicles and mature follicles in the zinc deficiency group. This reduction correlated with decreased level of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and abnormal gene expression affecting hormone secretion regulation. Furthermore, we found that zinc deficiency disrupted mitochondrial dynamics, leading to oxidative stress in the ovaries, which further inhibited autophagy and increased ovarian apoptosis. These changes ultimately resulted in the failure of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and reduced oocyte quality. Meanwhile, administration of zinc glycine effectively alleviated the oocyte meiotic arrest caused by dietary zinc deficiency. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that dietary zinc deficiency can affect hormone secretion and follicle maturation by impairing mitochondrial function and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Li-Shu Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Meng-Fan Lan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Jian-Zhou Shang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Jin-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Wen-Jie Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Xin-Le Lai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Xing Duan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
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Guo H, Chen LQ, Zou ZR, Cheng S, Hu Y, Mao L, Tian H, Mei XF. Zinc remodels mitochondrial network through SIRT3/Mfn2-dependent mitochondrial transfer in ameliorating spinal cord injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 968:176368. [PMID: 38316246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic neuropathic condition that results in motor, sensory and autonomic dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by primary trauma is one of the critical pathogenic mechanisms. Moderate levels of zinc have antioxidant effects, promote neurogenesis and immune responses. Zinc normalises mitochondrial morphology in neurons after SCI. However, how zinc protects mitochondria within neurons is unknown. In the study, we used transwell culture, Western blot, Quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (QRT-PCR), ATP content detection, reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity assay, flow cytometry and immunostaining to investigate the relationship between zinc-treated microglia and injured neurons through animal and cell experiments. We found that zinc promotes mitochondrial transfer from microglia to neurons after SCI through Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) regulation of Mitofusin 2 protein (Mfn2). It can rescue mitochondria in damaged neurons and inhibit oxidative stress, increase ATP levels and promote neuronal survival. Therefore, it can improve the recovery of motor function in SCI mice. In conclusion, our work reveals a potential mechanism to describe the communication between microglia and neurons after SCI, which may provide a new idea for future therapeutic approaches to SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- School of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Medical Testing and Drug Research, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Li-Qing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zhi-Ru Zou
- Pharmacy School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shuai Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Medical Testing and Drug Research, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yu Hu
- School of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Liang Mao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - He Tian
- School of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Medical Testing and Drug Research, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xi-Fan Mei
- Liaoning Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Medical Testing and Drug Research, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
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6
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Xiao L, Chen B, Chen C, Xiao F, Li M, Zhuang M, Dai Y, Wu K. Characterization and function of PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) in process of Zinc alleviates hepatic lipid deposition of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:131156. [PMID: 38537862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) is a key regulator of mitophagy, however, the relevant information remains poorly understood on aquatic animals. Here, a PINK1 gene was cloned, characterized and functionally studied in yellow catfish. PINK1 encoded a protein containing 570 amino acids, 2 functional domains. High fat (15.66%) fed fish showed a downregulation trend of liver PINK1 expression than that of normal fat (10.14%) group, and was reversed by the addition of Zn. In the in vitro study, high fat (HF) can increase lipid deposition and decrease by addition Zn (HFZ) in hepatocytes, whereas above phenomena reversed by overexpression/interference of PINK1, respectively. In addition, the addition of Zn can significantly affect mitochondrial activity, increase mitophagy, and improve the antioxidant activity of hepatocytes. Together, these findings illustrated that yellow catfish PINK1 is conserve, and it participated in mitochondria control of fish. These findings indicate Zn could alleviate high fat-induced hepatic lipid deposition of fish by activating PINK1-mediated mitophagy and provide basis for further exploring new approach for decreasing lipid deposition in fish products during aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfei Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baojia Chen
- Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingzi Li
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Minjia Zhuang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yishuang Dai
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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7
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Fan YG, Wu TY, Zhao LX, Jia RJ, Ren H, Hou WJ, Wang ZY. From zinc homeostasis to disease progression: Unveiling the neurodegenerative puzzle. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107039. [PMID: 38123108 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is a crucial trace element in the human body, playing a role in various physiological processes such as oxidative stress, neurotransmission, protein synthesis, and DNA repair. The zinc transporters (ZnTs) family members are responsible for exporting intracellular zinc, while Zrt- and Irt-like proteins (ZIPs) are involved in importing extracellular zinc. These processes are essential for maintaining cellular zinc homeostasis. Imbalances in zinc metabolism have been linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Disruptions in zinc levels can impact the survival and activity of neurons, thereby contributing to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases through mechanisms like cell apoptosis regulation, protein phase separation, ferroptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Therefore, conducting a systematic review of the regulatory network of zinc and investigating the relationship between zinc dysmetabolism and neurodegenerative diseases can enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases. Additionally, it may offer new insights and approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Ting-Yao Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Ling-Xiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Rong-Jun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Hang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wen-Jia Hou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Awonuga AO, Camp OG, Abu-Soud HM. A review of nitric oxide and oxidative stress in typical ovulatory women and in the pathogenesis of ovulatory dysfunction in PCOS. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2023; 21:111. [PMID: 37996893 PMCID: PMC10666387 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-023-01159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous functional endocrine disorder associated with a low-grade, chronic inflammatory state. Patients with PCOS present an increased risk of metabolic comorbidities and often menstrual dysregulation and infertility due to anovulation and/or poor oocyte quality. Multiple mechanisms including oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation are believed to be responsible for oocyte deterioration; however, the influence of nitric oxide (NO) insufficiency in oocyte quality and ovulatory dysfunction in PCOS is still a matter for debate. Higher production of superoxide (O2•-) mediated DNA damage and impaired antioxidant defense have been implicated as contributory factors for the development of PCOS, with reported alteration in superoxide dismutase (SOD) function, an imbalanced zinc/copper ratio, and increased catalase activity. These events may result in decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation with increased lipid peroxidation events. A decrease in NO, potentially due to increased activity of NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and imbalance in the distribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as decreased H2O2 and increased O2•-, may offset the physiological processes surrounding follicular development, oocyte maturation, and ovulation contributing to the reproductive dysfunction in patients with PCOS. Thus, this proposal aims to evaluate the specific roles of NO, oxidative stress, ROS, and enzymatic and nonenzymatic elements in the pathogenesis of PCOS ovarian dysfunction, including oligo- anovulation and oocyte quality, with the intent to inspire better application of therapeutic options. The authors believe more consideration into the specific roles of oxidative stress, ROS, and enzymatic and nonenzymatic elements may allow for a more thorough understanding of PCOS. Future efforts elaborating on the role of NO in the preoptic nucleus to determine its influence on GnRH firing and follicle-stimulating hormone/Luteinizing hormone (FSH/LH) production with ovulation would be of benefit in PCOS. Consequently, treatment with an ADMA inhibitor or NO donor may prove beneficial to PCOS patients experiencing reproductive dysfunction and infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awoniyi O Awonuga
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 275 E. Hancock Detroit, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Olivia G Camp
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 275 E. Hancock Detroit, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Husam M Abu-Soud
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 275 E. Hancock Detroit, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
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