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Guo C, Ruan J, Li Z, Fu H, Li K, Gong X, Gu X, Gu J, Shi H. Cadmium promoted LPS-induced inflammation through TLR4/IκBα/NFκ-B signaling by increasing ROS-mediated incomplete autophagy. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116405. [PMID: 38696874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exposure is considered as non-infectious stressor to human and animal health. Recent studies suggest that the immunotoxicity of low dose Cd is not directly apparent, but disrupts the immune responses when infected with some bacteria or virus. But how Cd alters the adaptive immunity organ and cells remains unclear. In this study, we applied lipopolysaccharide (LPS, infectious stressor) to induced inflammation in spleen tissues and T cells, and investigated the effects after Cd exposure and the underlying mechanism. Cd exposure promoted LPS-induced the expressions of the inflammatory factors, induced abnormal initiation of autophagy, but blocked autophagic flux. The effects Cd exposure under LPS activation were reversed by the autophagy promoter Rapamycin. Under LPS activation conditions, Cd also induced oxidative stress by increasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and reducing total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activity. The increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity after Cd exposure might be a negative feedback or passive adaptive regulation of oxidative stress. Cd-increased autophagic flux inhibition and TNF-α expression were reversed by ROS scavenger α-tocopherol (TCP). Furthermore, under LPS activation condition, Cd promoted activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/IκBα/NFκ-B signaling pathway and increased TLR4 protein stability, which were abolished by the pretreatment of Rapamycin. The present study confirmed that, by increasing ROS-mediated inhibiting autophagic degradation of TLR4, Cd promoted LPS-induced inflammation in spleen T cells. This study identified the mechanism of autophagy in Cd-aggravated immunotoxicity under infectious stress, which could arouse public attention to synergistic toxicity of Cd and bacterial or virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzhi Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiacheng Ruan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zehua Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Huilin Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Kongdong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xun Gong
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xin Gu
- King's Own Institute, Sydney 2000, Australia; The University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, Australia
| | - Jie Gu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Haifeng Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Bautista CJ, Arango N, Plata C, Mitre-Aguilar IB, Trujillo J, Ramírez V. Mechanism of cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity. Toxicology 2024; 502:153726. [PMID: 38191021 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals are found naturally in our environment and have many uses and applications in daily life. However, high concentrations of metals may be a result of pollution due to industrialization. In particular, cadmium (Cd), a white metal abundantly distributed in the terrestrial crust, is found in mines together with zinc, which accumulates after volcanic eruption or is found naturally in the sea and earth. High levels of Cd have been associated with disease. In the human body, Cd accumulates in two ways: via inhalation or consumption, mainly of plants or fish contaminated with high concentrations. Several international organizations have been working to establish the limit values of heavy metals in food, water, and the environment to avoid their toxic effects. Increased Cd levels may induce kidney, liver, or neurological diseases. Cd mainly accumulates in the kidney, causing renal disease in people exposed to moderate to high levels, which leads to the development of end-stage chronic kidney disease or death. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of Cd-induced nephrotoxicity, the mechanisms of Cd damage, and the current treatments used to reduce the toxic effects of Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia J Bautista
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Nidia Arango
- Departamento de Cirugía Experimental del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Consuelo Plata
- Departamento de Nefrología del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Irma B Mitre-Aguilar
- Unidad de Bioquímica del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Joyce Trujillo
- Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencia y Tecnología, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C. División de Materiales Avanzados (CONAHCYT-IPICYT-DMA), San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Victoria Ramírez
- Departamento de Cirugía Experimental del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico.
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Meng C, Liu Y, Ming Y, Lu C, Li Y, Zhang Y, Su D, Gao X, Yuan Q. Enhancing Liver Delivery of Gold Nanoclusters via Human Serum Albumin Encapsulation for Autoimmune Hepatitis Alleviation. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:110. [PMID: 38258120 PMCID: PMC10818704 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Peptide-protected gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), possessing exceptional biocompatibility and remarkable physicochemical properties, have demonstrated intrinsic pharmaceutical activity in immunomodulation, making them a highly attractive frontier in the field of nanomedicine exploration. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a serious autoimmune liver disease caused by the disruption of immune balance, for which effective treatment options are still lacking. In this study, we initially identified glutathione (GSH)-protected AuNCs as a promising nanodrug candidate for AIH alleviating in a Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced mice model. However, to enhance treatment efficiency, liver-targeted delivery needs to be improved. Therefore, human serum albumin (HSA)-encapsulated AuNCs were constructed to achieve enhanced liver targeting and more potent mitigation of Con A-induced elevations in plasma aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and liver injury in mice. In vivo and in vitro mechanism studies indicated that AuNCs could suppress the secretion of IFN-γ by Con A-stimulated T cells and subsequently inhibit the activation of the JAK2/STAT1 pathway and eventual hepatocyte apoptosis induced by IFN-γ. These actions ultimately protect the liver from immune cell infiltration and damage caused by Con A. These findings suggest that bio-protected AuNCs hold promise as nanodrugs for AIH therapy, with their liver targeting capabilities and therapeutic efficiency being further improved via rational surface ligand engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Meng
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (C.M.); (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan 250200, China;
| | - Yuping Ming
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (C.M.); (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Cao Lu
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (C.M.); (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Yanggege Li
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (C.M.); (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Yulu Zhang
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (C.M.); (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Dongdong Su
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (C.M.); (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Xueyun Gao
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (C.M.); (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Qing Yuan
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (C.M.); (Y.M.); (C.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
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Zhang Y, Liang R, Chen Y, Wang Y, Li X, Wang S, Jin H, Liu L, Tang Z. HSF1 protects cells from cadmium toxicity by governing proteome integrity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115571. [PMID: 37837696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium toxicity has been associated with disruption of protein homeostasis by interfering with protein folding processes. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) coordinates the rapid and extensive cellular response to maintain proteomic balance facing the challenges from many environmental stressors. Thus, we suspect that HSF1 may shield cells from cadmium toxicity by conserving proteome integrity. RESULTS Here, we demonstrate that cadmium, a highly poisonous metal, induces aggregation of cytosolic proteins in human cells, which disrupts protein homeostasis and activates HSF1. Cadmium exposure increases HSF1's phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and DNA bindings. Aside from this, HSF1 goes through liquid-liquid phase separation to form small nuclear condensates upon cadmium exposure. A specific regulatory domain of HSF1 is critical for HSF1's phase separation capability. Most importantly, human cells with impaired HSF1 are sensitized to cadmium, however, cells with overexpressed HSF1 are protected from cadmium toxicity. Overexpression of HSF1 in human cells reduces protein aggregates, amyloid fibrils and DNA damages to antagonize cadmium toxicity. CONCLUSIONS HSF1 protects cells from cadmium toxicity by governing the integrity of both proteome and genome. Similar mechanisms may enable HSF1 to alleviate cellular toxicity caused by other heavy metals. HSF1's role in cadmium exposure may provide important insights into the toxic effects of heavy metals on human cells and body organs, allowing us to better manage heavy metal poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Zhang
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Rong Liang
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yingxiao Chen
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Shang Wang
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Honglin Jin
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Lusha Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Zijian Tang
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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