1
|
Zhang L, Gao J, Zhao R, Wang J, Hao L, Wang M. Forb stability, dwarf shrub stability and species asynchrony regulate ecosystem stability along an experimental precipitation gradient in a semi-arid desert grassland. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:378-389. [PMID: 38442014 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Precipitation pattern changes may affect plant biodiversity, which could impact ecosystem stability. However, the effects of changes in precipitation regime on ecosystem stability and their potential mechanisms are still unclear. We conducted a 3-year field manipulation experiment with five precipitation treatments (-40%, -20%, 0% (CK), +20% and +40% of ambient growing season precipitation) in a semi-arid desert grassland to examine the effects of precipitation alterations on functional group stability, species asynchrony, and diversity, and the underlying mchanisms of ecosystem stability using structural equation modelling. Alterations in precipitation had different effects on community biomass and functional group biomass. Moreover, ecosystem stability was mainly driven by forb stability (path coefficient = 0.79). Changes in precipitation had significant effects on soil dissolved inorganic N (P < 0.01) further affecting ecosystem stability through species asynchrony (path coefficient = 0.25). Dwarf shrubs had a stabilizing effect on ecosystem stability (path coefficient = 0.32), mainly via deep roots. Ecosystem stability tended to be lower in the -40% (4.72) and +40% (2.74) precipitation treatments. The common reduction in species asynchrony and stability of forb and dwarf shrub functional groups resulted in lower ecosystem stability under the -40% treatment. The lower stability under the +40% treatment might be ascribed to unimproved dwarf shrub stability. Higher dwarf shrub and forb stability contributed to higher ecosystem stability under normal precipitation changes (±20% treatments) and CK. Species diversity was not a crucial driver of ecosystem stability. Our results indicate that precipitation alteration can regulate ecosystem stability via functional group stability (e.g. forb stability, dwarf shrub stability) and species asynchrony in a semiarid desert grassland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - J Gao
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - R Zhao
- College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - J Wang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - L Hao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
| | - M Wang
- College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jia B, He J, Wang X. Species asynchrony stabilizes productivity over 20 years in Northeast China. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9991. [PMID: 37153024 PMCID: PMC10156448 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The stability of forest productivity can reflect the functioning of forest ecosystems. It is a crucial topic to understand the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functions in ecology. Although previous studies have made great progress in understanding the effects of diversity, species asynchrony, and other factors on community biomass and productivity, few studies have explored how these factors affect the temporal stability of productivity. In this study, we hypothesized that diversity, species asynchrony, and topography would directly or indirectly impact the temporal stability of productivity. To test this hypothesis, we used a multiple regression model and a piecewise structural equation model based on the inventory data over 20 years (5-year intervals) from 1992 to 2012 at Jingouling Forest Farm in Northeast China. Our results showed that species asynchrony was the main driving factor affecting the temporal stability of productivity. Structural diversity significantly decreased community stability, while species diversity had a nonsignificant effect on it. We found the combination of a multiple regression model and a piecewise structural equation model is an effective method for evaluating the factors that influence community stability. The effect of species asynchrony is crucial for understanding the ecological mechanisms underlying the diversity-stability relationship in mixed forests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jia
- Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou T, Zhang J, Qin Y, Zhou G, Wang C, Xu Y, Fei Y, Qiao X, Jiang M. Species Asynchrony and Large Trees Jointly Drive Community Stability in a Montane Subtropical Forest. Ecosystems 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-022-00790-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
4
|
Hou G, Zhou T, Sun J, Zong N, Shi P, Yu J, Song M, Zhu J, Zhang Y. Functional identity of leaf dry matter content regulates community stability in the northern Tibetan grasslands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156150. [PMID: 35613643 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity-stability mechanisms have been the focus of many long-term community stability studies. Community functional composition (i.e., functional diversity and functional identity of community plant functional traits) is critical for community stability; however, this topic has received less attention in large-scale studies. Here, we combined a field survey of biodiversity and plant functional traits in 22 alpine grassland sites throughout the northern Tibetan Plateau with 20 years of satellite-sensed proxy data (enhanced vegetation index) of community productivity to identify the factors influencing community stability. Our results showed that functional composition influenced community stability the most, explaining 61.71% of the variation in community stability (of which functional diversity explained 18.56% and functional identity explained 43.15%), which was a higher contribution than that of biodiversity (Berger-Parker index and species evenness; 35.04%). Structural equation modeling suggested that functional identity strongly affected community stability, whereas biodiversity had a minor impact. Furthermore, functional identity of leaf dry matter content regulated community stability by enhancing species dominance (Berger-Parker index). Our findings demonstrate that functional composition, specifically functional identity, plays a key role in community stability, highlighting the importance of functional identity in understanding and revealing the stabilizing mechanisms in these fragile alpine ecosystems which are subjected to increasing environmental fluctuations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Hou
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tiancai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ning Zong
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Peili Shi
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jialuo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Minghua Song
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Juntao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yangjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
del Río M, Pretzsch H, Ruiz‐Peinado R, Jactel H, Coll L, Löf M, Aldea J, Ammer C, Avdagić A, Barbeito I, Bielak K, Bravo F, Brazaitis G, Cerný J, Collet C, Condés S, Drössler L, Fabrika M, Heym M, Holm S, Hylen G, Jansons A, Kurylyak V, Lombardi F, Matović B, Metslaid M, Motta R, Nord‐Larsen T, Nothdurft A, den Ouden J, Pach M, Pardos M, Poeydebat C, Ponette Q, Pérot T, Reventlow DOJ, Sitko R, Sramek V, Steckel M, Svoboda M, Verheyen K, Vospernik S, Wolff B, Zlatanov T, Bravo‐Oviedo A. Emerging stability of forest productivity by mixing two species buffers temperature destabilizing effect. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miren del Río
- Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), INIA, CSIC, Ctra Madrid Spain
| | - Hans Pretzsch
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of Munich Freising Germany
| | | | - Hervé Jactel
- NRAE University of Bordeaux, Biogeco Cestas France
| | - Lluís Coll
- EAGROF University of Lleida Lleida Spain
- Joint Research Unit CTFC‐AGROTECNIO‐CERCA Solsona Spain
| | - Magnus Löf
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Southern Swedish Forest Research Lomma Sweden
| | - Jorge Aldea
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Southern Swedish Forest Research Lomma Sweden
| | - Christian Ammer
- Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the temperate zones University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Admir Avdagić
- Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the temperate zones University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Ignacio Barbeito
- Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada
| | - Kamil Bielak
- Institute of Forest Sciences Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw Poland
| | - Felipe Bravo
- Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute (iuFOR) University of Valladolid Palencia Spain
- Unidad Asociada I+D+i al CSIC Gestión Forestal Sostenible
| | | | - Jakub Cerný
- Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Jílovište Czech Republic
| | - Catherine Collet
- Université de Lorraine AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva Nancy France
| | | | - Lars Drössler
- School of Natural Science and Engineering, Ilia State University Tbilisi Georgia
| | - Marek Fabrika
- Technical University in Zvolen Faculty of Forestry Zvolen Slovakia
| | - Michael Heym
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of Munich Freising Germany
| | | | - Gro Hylen
- NIBIO Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research Ås Norway
| | - Aris Jansons
- Latvian State Forest Research Institute Silava Salaspils Latvia
| | | | - Fabio Lombardi
- AGRARIA Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria Reggio Calabria Italy
| | - Bratislav Matović
- University of Novi Sad Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment Novi Sad Serbia
- University of East Sarajevo Faculty of Agriculture, East Sarajevo Republika Srpska Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Marek Metslaid
- Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering Estonian University of Life Sciences Tartu Estonia
| | | | | | - Arne Nothdurft
- Department of Forest‐ and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Growth University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Jan den Ouden
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Wageningen University of Environmental Sciences Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Maciej Pach
- Faculty of Forestry University of Agriculture in Krakow Kraków Poland
| | - Marta Pardos
- Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), INIA, CSIC, Ctra Madrid Spain
| | | | | | - Tomas Pérot
- INRAE – UR EFNO ‐ Centre de recherche Val de Loire Nogent‐Sur‐Vernisson France
| | | | - Roman Sitko
- Technical University in Zvolen Faculty of Forestry Zvolen Slovakia
| | - Vit Sramek
- Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Jílovište Czech Republic
| | | | - Miroslav Svoboda
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - Kris Verheyen
- Forest & Nature Lab Ghent University Melle‐Gontrode Belgium
| | - Sonja Vospernik
- Department of Forest‐ and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Growth University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Barbara Wolff
- Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE), FG Waldinventur und Planung Eberswalde Germany
| | - Tzvetan Zlatanov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schnabel F, Liu X, Kunz M, Barry KE, Bongers FJ, Bruelheide H, Fichtner A, Härdtle W, Li S, Pfaff CT, Schmid B, Schwarz JA, Tang Z, Yang B, Bauhus J, von Oheimb G, Ma K, Wirth C. Species richness stabilizes productivity via asynchrony and drought-tolerance diversity in a large-scale tree biodiversity experiment. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabk1643. [PMID: 34919425 PMCID: PMC8682986 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Extreme climatic events threaten forests and their climate mitigation potential globally. Understanding the drivers promoting ecosystem stability is therefore considered crucial for mitigating adverse climate change effects on forests. Here, we use structural equation models to explain how tree species richness, asynchronous species dynamics, species-level population stability, and drought-tolerance traits relate to the stability of forest productivity along an experimentally manipulated species richness gradient ranging from 1 to 24 tree species. Tree species richness improved community stability by increasing asynchrony. That is, at higher species richness, interannual variation in productivity among tree species buffered the community against stress-related productivity declines. This effect was positively related to variation in stomatal control and resistance-acquisition strategies among species, but not to the community-weighted means of these trait syndromes. The identified mechanisms by which tree species richness stabilizes forest productivity emphasize the importance of diverse, mixed-species forests to adapt to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schnabel
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Matthias Kunz
- Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany
| | - Kathryn E. Barry
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Franca J. Bongers
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andreas Fichtner
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Werner Härdtle
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Claas-Thido Pfaff
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Department of Geography, Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia A. Schwarz
- Chair of Silviculture, Institute of Forest Sciences, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zhiyao Tang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Biology, Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Jingdezhen University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jürgen Bauhus
- Chair of Silviculture, Institute of Forest Sciences, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Goddert von Oheimb
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany
| | - Keping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Christian Wirth
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li HQ, Li H, Zhou XY, Shen YJ, Su JQ. Distinct patterns of abundant and rare subcommunities in paddy soil during wetting-drying cycles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 785:147298. [PMID: 33940401 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Wetting-drying cycles typically result in a wide range of soil moistures and redox potentials (Eh) that significantly affect the soil microbial community. Although numerous studies have addressed the effects of soil moisture on soil microbial community structure and composition, the response of active microbes to the fluctuation in soil Eh is still largely unknown; this is especially true for the ecological roles of abundant and rare taxa. To explore the dynamics of active and total microbial communities in response to wetting-drying cycles, we conducted a microcosm experiment based on three wetting-drying cycles and 16S rRNA transcript (active) and 16S rRNA gene (total) amplicon sequencing. We found that both active and total microbial communities during three wetting-drying cycles were clustered according to the number of wetting-drying cycles (temporal factor) rather than soil moisture or Eh. Dynamics of the active microbial community, however, were redox dependent during the first wetting-drying cycle. In addition, rare taxa in the active microbial community exhibited more obvious differences than abundant ones during three wetting-drying cycles. Species turnover of abundant and rare taxa of total and active microbes, rather than species richness, explained the highest percentage of community variation. Rare taxa exhibited the most marked temporal turnover during three wetting-drying cycles. Members of Rhodospirillaceae were the major contributor to the resilience of abundant taxa of active microbes during the first wetting-drying cycle. Overall, these findings expand our current understanding of underlying assembly mechanisms of soil microbial communities responding to wetting-drying cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Qin Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Hu Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Ying-Jia Shen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - Jian-Qiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Favoreto Campanharo Í, Martins SV, Villa PM, Correa Kruschewsky G, Aparecida Dias A, Haruki Nabeta F. Functional composition enhances aboveground biomass stock undergoing active forest restoration on mining tailings in Mariana, Brazil. Restor Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ítalo Favoreto Campanharo
- Forest Restoration Laboratory, Department of Forest Engineering Universidade Federal de Viçosa Viçosa Brazil
| | - Sebastião V. Martins
- Forest Restoration Laboratory, Department of Forest Engineering Universidade Federal de Viçosa Viçosa Brazil
| | - Pedro M. Villa
- Forest Restoration Laboratory, Department of Forest Engineering Universidade Federal de Viçosa Viçosa Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dolezal J, Fibich P, Altman J, Leps J, Uemura S, Takahashi K, Hara T. Determinants of ecosystem stability in a diverse temperate forest. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Dolezal
- Inst. of Botany of The Czech Academy of Sciences Zámek 1 CZ‐25243 ůhonice Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Dept of Botany, Univ. of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Fibich
- Inst. of Botany of The Czech Academy of Sciences Zámek 1 CZ‐25243 ůhonice Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Dept of Botany, Univ. of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Jan Altman
- Inst. of Botany of The Czech Academy of Sciences Zámek 1 CZ‐25243 ůhonice Czech Republic
| | - Jan Leps
- Faculty of Science, Dept of Botany, Univ. of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Shigeru Uemura
- Forest Research Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido Univ. Nayoro Japan
| | - Koichi Takahashi
- Dept of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University Matsumoto Japan
| | - Toshihiko Hara
- Inst. of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido Univ. Sapporo Japan
| |
Collapse
|