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Kumar D, Bhardwaj R, Jassal S, Goyal T, Khullar A, Gupta N. Application of enzymes for an eco-friendly approach to textile processing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:71838-71848. [PMID: 34651264 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16764-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Textile industry is one of the oldest industries existing from several centuries. Major concern of the industry is to design, produce, and distribute yarn, cloth, and clothing. Diverse physical and chemical operations are required in order to achieve this. Environmental concerns related to textile industry have attained attention all around the world as it is generating large amounts of effluents having various toxic agents and chemicals. Enzymes have been suggested as the best possible alternative to replace or reduce these hazardous and toxic chemicals. Enzymes like amylase, cellulase, catalase, protease, pectinase, laccase, and lipase have widely been used in textile manufacturing processes. Use of enzymatic approach is very promising as they are eco-friendly, produce high-quality products, and lead to the reduction of energy, water, and time. This review highlights the significance of different enzymes employed in the textile industry at various stages along with the conventional textile processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.
| | - Raveena Bhardwaj
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Sunena Jassal
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, BMS Block I, Sector 25, South Campus Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tanya Goyal
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, BMS Block I, Sector 25, South Campus Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aastha Khullar
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, BMS Block I, Sector 25, South Campus Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Naveen Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, BMS Block I, Sector 25, South Campus Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Ariaeenejad S, Zolfaghari B, Sadeghian Motahar SF, Kavousi K, Maleki M, Roy S, Hosseini Salekdeh G. Highly Efficient Computationally Derived Novel Metagenome α-Amylase With Robust Stability Under Extreme Denaturing Conditions. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:713125. [PMID: 34526977 PMCID: PMC8437397 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.713125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Amylases are among the very critical enzymes used for different industrial purposes. Most α-amylases cannot accomplish the requirement of industrial conditions and easily lose their activity in harsh environments. In this study, a novel α-amylase named PersiAmy1 has been identified through the multistage in silico screening pipeline from the rumen metagenomic data. The long-term storage of PersiAmy1 in low and high temperatures demonstrated 82.13 and 71.01% activities after 36 days of incubation at 4 and 50°C, respectively. The stable α-amylase retained 61.09% of its activity after 180 min of incubation at 90°C and was highly stable in a broad pH range, showing 60.48 and 86.05% activities at pH 4.0 and pH 9.0 after 180 min of incubation, respectively. Also, the enzyme could resist the high-salinity condition and demonstrated 88.81% activity in the presence of 5 M NaCl. PersiAmy1 showed more than 74% activity in the presence of various metal ions. The addition of the detergents, surfactants, and organic solvents did not affect the α-amylase activity considerably. Substrate spectrum analysis showed that PersiAmy1 could act on a wide array of substrates. PersiAmy1 showed high stability in inhibitors and superb activity in downstream conditions, thus useful in detergent and baking industries. Investigating the applicability in detergent formulation, PersiAmy1 showed more than 69% activity after incubation with commercial detergents at different temperatures (30–50°C) and retained more than 56% activity after incubation with commercial detergents for 3 h at 10°C. Furthermore, the results of the wash performance analysis exhibited a good stain removal at 10°C. The power of PersiAmy1 in the bread industry revealed soft, chewable crumbs with improved volume and porosity compared with control. This study highlights the intense power of robust novel PersiAmy1 as a functional bio-additive in many industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Ariaeenejad
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Behrouz Zolfaghari
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Sadeghian Motahar
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kaveh Kavousi
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics, Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Maleki
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Swapnoneel Roy
- School of Computing, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Molecular strategies to enhance stability and catalysis of extremophile-derived α-amylase using computational biology. Extremophiles 2021; 25:221-233. [PMID: 33754213 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-021-01223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
α-Amylase is the most significant glycoside hydrolase having applications in various industries. It cleaves the α,1-4 glucosidic linkages of polysaccharides like starch, glycogen to yield a small polymer of glucose in α-anomeric configuration. α-Amylase is produced by all the three domains of life but microorganisms are preferred sources for industrial-scale production due to several advantages. Enormous studies and research have been done in this field in the past few decades. Still, it is requisite to work on enzyme stability and catalysis, as it loses its functionality in extreme. As the enzyme loses its structural and catalytic property under extreme environmental conditions, it is mandatory to confer some potential strategies for enhancing enzyme behaviour in such conditions. This limitation of an enzyme can be overcome up to some extent by extremophiles. They serve as an excellent source of α-amylase with outstanding features. This review is an attempt to encapsulate some structure-based strategies for improving enzyme behaviour thereby enabling researchers to selectively amend any of the strategies as per requirement during upstream and downstream processing for higher enzyme yield and stability. Thus, it will provide some cutting-edge strategies for tailoring α-amylase producing organism and enzyme with the help of several computational biology tools.
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Paul JS, Gupta N, Beliya E, Tiwari S, Jadhav SK. Aspects and Recent Trends in Microbial α-Amylase: a Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:2649-2698. [PMID: 33715051 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03546-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
α-Amylases are the oldest and versatile starch hydrolysing enzymes which can replace chemical hydrolysis of starch in industries. It cleaves the α-(1,4)-D-glucosidic linkage of starch and other related polysaccharides to yield simple sugars like glucose, maltose and limit dextrin. α-Amylase covers about 30% shares of the total enzyme market. On account of their superior features, α-amylase is the most widely used among all the existing amylases for hydrolysis of polysaccharides. Endo-acting α-amylase of glycoside hydrolase family 13 is an extensively used biocatalyst and has various biotechnological applications like in starch processing, detergent, textile, paper and pharmaceutical industries. Apart from these, it has some novel applications including polymeric material for drug delivery, bioremediating agent, biodemulsifier and biofilm inhibitor. The present review will accomplish the research gap by providing the unexplored aspects of microbial α-amylase. It will allow the readers to know about the works that have already been done and the latest trends in this field. The manuscript has covered the latest immobilization techniques and the site-directed mutagenesis approaches which are readily being performed to confer the desirable property in wild-type α-amylases. Furthermore, it will state the inadequacies and the numerous obstacles coming in the way of its production during upstream and downstream steps and will also suggest some measures to obtain stable and industrial-grade α-amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Shankar Paul
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Nisha Gupta
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Esmil Beliya
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India.,Department of Botany, Govt. College, Bichhua, Chhindwara, MP, 480111, India
| | - Shubhra Tiwari
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Shailesh Kumar Jadhav
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India.
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Almulaiky YQ, Khalil NM, El-Shishtawy RM, Altalhi T, Algamal Y, Aldhahri M, Al-Harbi SA, Allehyani ES, Bilal M, Mohammed MM. Hydroxyapatite-decorated ZrO 2 for α-amylase immobilization: Toward the enhancement of enzyme stability and reusability. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:299-308. [PMID: 33275970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the immobilization of α-amylase onto hydroxyapatite (HA) and hydroxyapatite-decorated ZrO2 (10%wt) (HA-ZrO2) nanocomposite were investigated. The immobilization yield was 69.7% and 84% respectively. The structural differences were characterized using X-Ray diffraction, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectra, Raman, and scanning electron microscope. After 10 repeated cycles, the residual activity of immobilized α-amylase onto HA and HA-ZrO2 nanocomposite was 46% and 70%, respectively. The storage stability was recorded to be 27%, 50% and 69% from its initial activity in the case of free and immobilized enzyme onto HA and HA-ZrO2 nanocomposite, respectively after 8 weeks. The pH-activity profile and temperature revealed pH 6.0 and temperature 50 °C as the optimal values of free α-amylase, while the optimum values for α-amylase on HA and HA-ZrO2 was shifted to pH 6.5 and 60 °C after immobilization. The immobilized α-amylase onto HA-ZrO2 showed comparatively higher catalytic activity than the free α-amylase. The Km value after the immobilization process onto HA was 2.1 folds highly than that of the free enzyme. In conclusion, it can be inferred that HA-ZrO2 is more sustainable and beneficial support for enzyme immobilization and it represents promising supports for different uses of α-amylase in the biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaaser Q Almulaiky
- University of Jeddah, College of Sciences and Arts at Khulais, Department of Chemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen.
| | - N M Khalil
- University of Jeddah, College of Sciences and Arts at Khulais, Department of Chemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Reda M El-Shishtawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, P. O. Box 80200, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Dyeing, Printing, and Textile Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | - Tariq Altalhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousif Algamal
- University of Jeddah, College of Sciences and Arts at Khulais, Department of Chemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science & Technology, Omdurman Islamic University. Sudan
| | - Musab Aldhahri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, P. O. Box 80200, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A Al-Harbi
- Department of Chemistry, University College in Al-Jamoum, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam S Allehyani
- Department of Chemistry, University College in Al-Jamoum, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Mustafa M Mohammed
- Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences & Arts - Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of statistics, Faculty of science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
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