1
|
Anaya-Reza O, Altamirano-Corona MF, Basurto-García G, Patricio-Fabián H, García-González SA, Martinez-Hernandez E, Durán-Moreno A. Wet anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste: experience with long-term pilot plant operation and industrial scale-up. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:235-247. [PMID: 38170236 PMCID: PMC10867089 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02958-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents the analysis of a pilot anaerobic digestion plant that operates with organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) from a wholesale market and can treat up to 500 kg d-1. The process was monitored for a period of 524 days during which the residue was characterized and the biogas production and methane content were recorded. The organic load rate (OLR) of volatile solids (VS) was 0.89 kg m-3 d-1 and the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) was 25 d during the process. The yield was 82 Nm3 tons OFMSW-1 biogas, equivalent to 586 Nm3 tons CH4 VS-1. The results obtained in the pilot plant were used to carry out a technical-economic evaluation of a plant that treats 50 tons of OFMSW from wholesale markets. A production of 3769 Nm3 d-1 of biogas and 2080 Nm3 d-1 of methane is estimated, generating 35.1 MWh d-1 when converted to electricity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Anaya-Reza
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - María F Altamirano-Corona
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Germán Basurto-García
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Héctor Patricio-Fabián
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio A García-González
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Alfonso Durán-Moreno
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alengebawy A, Ran Y, Ghimire N, Osman AI, Ai P. Rice straw for energy and value-added products in China: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2023; 21:1-32. [PMID: 37362014 PMCID: PMC10267560 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-023-01612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The rise of global waste and the decline of fossil fuels are calling for recycling waste into energy and materials. For example, rice straw, a by-product of rice cultivation, can be converted into biogas and by-products with added value, e.g., biofertilizer, yet processing rice straw is limited by the low energy content, high ash and silica, low nitrogen, high moisture, and high-quality variability. Here, we review the recycling of rice straw with focus on the global and Chinese energy situations, conversion of rice straw into energy and gas, biogas digestate management, cogeneration, biogas upgrading, bioeconomy, and life cycle assessment. The quality of rice straw can be improved by pretreatments, such as baling, ensiling, and co-digestion of rice straw with other feedstocks. The biogas digestate can be used to fertilize soils. The average annual potential energy of collectable rice straw, with a lower heating value of 15.35 megajoule/kilogram, over the past ten years (2013-2022) could reach 2.41 × 109 megajoule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alengebawy
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Technology & Equipment Center for Carbon Neutrality, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yi Ran
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Nirmal Ghimire
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, 44600 Nepal
| | - Ahmed I. Osman
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Ping Ai
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Technology & Equipment Center for Carbon Neutrality, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ilmasari D, Kamyab H, Yuzir A, Riyadi FA, Khademi T, Al-Qaim FF, Kirpichnikova I, Krishnan S. A Review of the Biological Treatment of Leachate: Available Technologies and Future Requirements for the Circular Economy Implementation. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
4
|
Rada EC, Ionescu G, Ferronato N, Ragazzi M, Raspanti M, Conti F, Torretta V. Zooming on light packaging waste differences by scanning electron microscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:59076-59082. [PMID: 32307678 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08414-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present paper, different types of pure and commercial plastic waste from different EU countries (UK, France, Italy, and Romania) were investigated for microstructure surface morphology and chemical properties by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). The goal of the current investigation was to determine the chemical composition of selected packaging materials and compare these measurements with data obtained through a carbon-hydrogen-nitrogen-sulfur-oxygen (CHNS-O) elemental analyzer, which is conventionally used to characterize waste materials. The capabilities of the experimental approach are discussed in connection with their application to the study of waste sample materials and in comparison with alternative experimental methods such as elemental analysis. The CHNS-O comparison is made between the present data obtained with SEM-EDXS instrument and EA 3000 elemental analyzer used in previews studies conducted by the authors. Results show a difference of composition among packaging from different countries that can affect the treatment adopted for its valorization and the strategies of circular economy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cristina Rada
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Insubria University, Via G.B. Vico, 46, 21100, Varese, Italy.
| | - Gabriela Ionescu
- Department of Energy Production and Use, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenței 313, 060042, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Navarro Ferronato
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Insubria University, Via G.B. Vico, 46, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Marco Ragazzi
- Department of Civil Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, via Mesiano 77, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Mario Raspanti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Insubria University, via Guicciardini 9, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Fabio Conti
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Insubria University, Via G.B. Vico, 46, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Torretta
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Insubria University, Via G.B. Vico, 46, 21100, Varese, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mancini E, Raggi A. A review of circularity and sustainability in anaerobic digestion processes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 291:112695. [PMID: 33962278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The debate on the relationship between the long-established concept of sustainability, and the relatively novel one of circularity in constantly increasing biogas production remains. In this study, additional discussion elements to such an open debate are provided. With its role in the bioeconomy and ongoing ambiguity, a bibliographic review of anaerobic digestion is provided. In particular, this study aims to i) verify whether sustainability assessments and circularity measurements are performed in different ways in anaerobic digestion projects and ii) understand which indicators have been utilized for each pillar of sustainability. Initially, 152 scientific documents from the Scopus and Web of Science scholarly journal databases were selected. Specific eligibility criteria that were any type of measurement of circularity and/or assessment of sustainability, were used for screening. Fifty-eight articles met these criteria and were analyzed in depth. The results show that the terms circularity and sustainability are not always univocal concepts in the reviewed scientific contributions. Consequently, the relative criteria or measurements for their analysis are not the same. As a result, a different interpretation of the two concepts is suggested. Circularity should be considered as one of the ways to achieve the broadest objective of sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Mancini
- Department of Economic Studies, University "G. d'Annunzio", Viale Pindaro 42, 65127, Pescara, Italy.
| | - Andrea Raggi
- Department of Economic Studies, University "G. d'Annunzio", Viale Pindaro 42, 65127, Pescara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Srivastava RK, Shetti NP, Reddy KR, Aminabhavi TM. Sustainable energy from waste organic matters via efficient microbial processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137927. [PMID: 32208271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This review emphasizes utilization of waste organic matters from water bodies and soil sources for sustainable energy development. These organic waste matters (including microplastics) from a variety of environmental sources have created a big challenge to utilize them for energy development for human needs, maintaining a cleaner environment and thereby, producing useful bioproducts (sustainable bioenergy or other primary metabolites). Anaerobic digestions as well as other effective wastewater treatment approaches are discussed. From the water bodies, waste organic matter reduction can be achieved by a reduction of chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand after the waste treatment. Other forms of organic waste matter are available in the form of agro wastes or residues (stalk of wheat or rice, maize, corn etc.) due to crop cultivation, which are generally burnt into ashes. Such wastes can be utilized for bioenergy energy production, which would help for the reduction of climate changes or other toxic gases. Hydrogen, bioelectricity, ethanol, butanol, methane and algal diesel or other types of fuel sources would help to provide sustainable source of bioenergy that can be produced from these wastes via degradation by the biological processes. This review will discuss in depths about the sustainable nature of organic matters to produce clean energy via application of efficient biological methods to maintain a clean environment, thereby providing alternative options to fossil energy fuels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Gitam Institute of Technology and Management (Deemed to be University), A.P. 530045, India
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Center for Electrochemical Science and Materials, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Gokul, Hubballi 580030, Karnataka, India.
| | - Kakarla Raghava Reddy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Pharmaceutical Engineering, SET's College of Pharmacy, Dharwad 580 002, Karnataka, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Due to the high organic fraction in municipal solid waste (MSW) composition in Mexico City, anaerobic digestion (AD) is considered as a viable treatment method for organics in this study. The most feasible way refers to the waste from the wholesale market Central de Abasto, which is predominantly organics. This work aims to perform a business plan and discuss the barriers for AD technology in Mexico. In this case study, the cost-benefit analysis (CBA) approach is applied to estimate the profitability of the project. The net present value of this project is positive, and the model resulted in a payback period of 7 years. Identified barriers to feasibility of energy generation through biogas of MSW in Mexico include the need for large investment, low profitability through sales of electricity, and no use for generated heat. An attractive panorama for clean energy in Mexico was not evidenced, even though the Energy Reform took place in 2013. However, the environmental analysis also demonstrates a positive environmental impact of 730 kg CO2 per 1 Mg of MSW. Therefore, support incentives are needed to promote the use of other by-products of the AD process, such as heat and digestate.
Collapse
|
8
|
An Investigation of the Feasibility of the Organic Municipal Solid Waste Processing by Coking. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the context of transition to a circular economy, one of the strategic priorities is the development of technological innovations aimed at waste processing. In this study, the foundations have been developed for a low-temperature, environmentally safe method for efficient processing of organic municipal solid waste, which may be further applied for processing both municipal and industrial waste organics in order to obtain liquid products. The maximum yield of liquid products is ensured when conducting the coking of a mixture of organic waste with long residuum in the temperature range of 400–420 °C, with a heating rate of 5–70 °C/min, and with an optimal heating time to the coking temperature of 80 min. Recommendations on the use of the waste recycling products are given. The proposed process is consistent with the principles of circular economy and does not require external energy costs because the energy needed for the process is generated by burning the gas produced during the waste coking. The process does not produce emissions into the environment and, in combination with standard refining processes, can be used to obtain commercial petroleum products.
Collapse
|
9
|
Iacovidou E, Voulvoulis N. A multi-criteria sustainability assessment framework: development and application in comparing two food waste management options using a UK region as a case study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:35821-35834. [PMID: 29948712 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2479-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Preventing food wastage is a key element of sustainable resource management. But as food waste is still generated at high volumes, priority is placed on its proper management as a resource, maximising sustainability benefits. This study, by integrating a multi-criteria decision analysis with a sustainability assessment approach, develops a screening and decision support framework for comparing the sustainability performance of food waste management options. A structured process for selecting criteria based on the consideration of environmental, economic and social aspects related to region-specific food waste system planning, policy and management has been developed. Two food waste management options, namely the use of food waste disposal units, which grind food waste at the household's kitchen sink and discharge it to the sewer, and the anaerobic co-digestion of separately collected food waste with sewage sludge, were selected for comparison due to their potential to create synergies between local authorities, waste and water companies, with local circumstances determining which of the two options to adopt. A simplified process used for assessing and comparing the two food waste management options in the Anglian region in the UK, indicated that there are benefits in using the framework as a screening tool for identifying which option may be the most sustainable. To support decision-making, a detailed analysis that incorporates stakeholders' perspectives is required. An additional use of the framework can be in providing recommendations for optimising food waste management options in a specific region, maximising their sustainability performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Iacovidou
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Nikolaos Voulvoulis
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, 15 Prince's Gardens, London, SW7 1NA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pagliano G, Ventorino V, Panico A, Romano I, Robertiello A, Pirozzi F, Pepe O. The effect of bacterial and archaeal populations on anaerobic process fed with mozzarella cheese whey and buttermilk. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 217:110-122. [PMID: 29597107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dairy wastes can be conveniently processed and valorized in a biorefinery value chain since they are abundant, zero-cost and all year round available. For a comprehensive knowledge of the microbial species involved in producing biofuels and valuable intermediates from dairy wastes, the changes in bacterial and archaeal population were evaluated when H2, CH4 and chemical intermediates were produced. Batch anaerobic tests were conducted with a mixture of mozzarella cheese whey and buttermilk as organic substrate, inoculated with 1% and 3% w/v industrial animal manure pellets. The archaeal methanogens concentration increased in the test inoculated at 3% (w/v) when H2 and CH4 production occurred, being 1 log higher than that achieved in the test inoculated at 1% (w/v). Many archaeal species, mostly involved in the production of CH4, were identified by sequencing denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) bands. Methanoculleus, Methanocorpusculum and Methanobrevibacter genera were dominant archaea involved in the anaerobic process for bioenergy production from mozzarella cheese whey and buttermilk mixture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Pagliano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Valeria Ventorino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | | | - Ida Romano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Alessandro Robertiello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Francesco Pirozzi
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Olimpia Pepe
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici (Naples), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pilot-Scale Anaerobic Co-Digestion of the OFMSW: Improving Biogas Production and Startup. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10061939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents experimental results regarding anaerobic co-digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste and fruit and vegetable waste in order to establish the efficiency of a 2 m3 volume pilot plant in terms of biogas and methane yield and stability of the process. The research study presents the feasibility of developing anaerobic digestion as an effective method for municipal solid waste management. The experiments were conducted in mesophilic conditions (35 °C). Domestic waste water was used as inoculum. The results showed that the inoculum presence, temperature, and pH control, were essential in order to improve biogas production and its composition. Using liquid inoculum, the CH4 percentage in the biogas oscillated between 44% and 51%, and the biogas production from 0.504 and 0.6 m3/day. Compared to domestic waste water, animal manure increased the CH4 concentration in biogas (up to 63%), while the daily biogas production increased by 26% and varied from 0.693 to 0.786 m3. The cumulative biogas production at the end of the experiments were 11.7 m3 and 15.89 m3, respectively. Using inoculum and co-digestion, the plant startup time was significantly reduced, the total solids content decreased from 22.7% to 19.8%, while the volatile solids decreased from 37.6% to 31.2%.
Collapse
|