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Favier P, Wiemeyer GM, Arias MB, Lara CS, Vilar G, Crivelli AJ, Ludvik HK, Ardiles MI, Teijeiro ML, Madariaga MJ, Rolón MJ, Cadario ME. Chlamydia psittaci Screening of Animal Workers from Argentina Exposed to Carrier Birds. ECOHEALTH 2024; 21:38-45. [PMID: 38637441 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-024-01683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Different syndromes are involved in human psittacosis (flu-like syndrome, atypical pneumonia up to lacrimal gland lymphoma). Diagnostic methods include serology, culture, and PCR. The rate of Chlamydia psittaci (Cp) positive tests among exposed workers is still unknown. Our study aimed to assess the rate of positive tests among workers who have contact with carrier birds in natural reserves from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Secondary aims were to analyze risk factors linked to these outcomes and the occurrence of signs that suggest psittacosis. Nasopharyngeal swabs and serum pairs were collected from employees who had interacted with confirmed carrier birds. Those with detectable DNA of Cp and/or anti-Chlamydia spp. antibody baseline titer ≥ 160 mUI/ml, or at least quadruplicating, were considered positive. Activities performed with or near birds, personal protective equipment use, and previous chronic conditions were assessed. Possible Cp-related pathologies were evaluated during follow-up. A total of 63 exposed workers (71.4% men) with a median age of 35.7 years (IQR 26-39) were evaluated to detect 28.6% positives. Respiratory chronic conditions were the unique factor associated with positive tests (OR 5.2 [1.5-18.5] p < .05). Surprisingly, about a third of the workers resulted positive and all responded to medical treatment, none developing an acute atypical pneumonia syndrome associated with classical presentation of psittacosis. Active testing for early diagnosis and proper treatment in zoological workers exposed to carrier or potentially carrier birds is strongly suggested as part of zoonotic diseases preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Favier
- Infectious Diseases Division, Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Juan A. Fernández, Avenida Cerviño 3365, MO C1425AGP, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo M Wiemeyer
- Animal Welfare Department, Ecoparque de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, República de la India 3000, MO C12425FGC, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Calle 5 esq. 116, MO L6360, General Pico, La Pampa, Argentina.
| | - Maite B Arias
- Service of Clinical Bacteriology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Avenida Vélez Sarsfield 563, MO C1282AFF, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia S Lara
- Service of Clinical Bacteriology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Avenida Vélez Sarsfield 563, MO C1282AFF, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Vilar
- Service of Clinical Bacteriology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Avenida Vélez Sarsfield 563, MO C1282AFF, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana J Crivelli
- Infectious Diseases Division, Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Juan A. Fernández, Avenida Cerviño 3365, MO C1425AGP, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Herman K Ludvik
- Infectious Diseases Division, Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Juan A. Fernández, Avenida Cerviño 3365, MO C1425AGP, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María I Ardiles
- Prevention and Control of Zoonoses Department, Instituto de Zoonosis Luis Pasteur, Avenida Díaz Vélez 4821, MO C1405DCD, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María L Teijeiro
- Department of Biological Products Diagnosis, Serology and Molecular Biology Section, Instituto de Zoonosis Luis Pasteur, Avenida Díaz Vélez 4821, MO C1405DCD, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María J Madariaga
- Department of Biological Products Diagnosis, Serology and Molecular Biology Section, Instituto de Zoonosis Luis Pasteur, Avenida Díaz Vélez 4821, MO C1405DCD, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María J Rolón
- Infectious Diseases Division, Hospital General de Agudos Dr. Juan A. Fernández, Avenida Cerviño 3365, MO C1425AGP, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María E Cadario
- Service of Clinical Bacteriology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Avenida Vélez Sarsfield 563, MO C1282AFF, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Nie F, Gong Q, Yang J, Xi C, Wang Y, Wang G, Zhang L, Li X, Huo D, Hou C. Establishment of a Multiplex Real-Time TaqMan-MGB Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Three Animal Chlamydia Species. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:9369-9376. [PMID: 31814605 PMCID: PMC6921693 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydiae are spread globally and cause infectious diseases in both humans and animals. The existing detection methods for this disease have numerous shortcomings, including low sensitivity, time consuming procedures, and high contamination vulnerability. MATERIAL AND METHODS To overcome shortcomings for detecting animal chlamydiosis, a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was established for simultaneously detecting and differentiating 3 Chlamydia species (C. pecorum, C. abortus, and C. psittaci) by real time PCR based on TaqMan-MGB technology. RESULTS The limit of detection was 20.2 copies/µL for Chlamydophila (Cp.) abortus, 30.8 copies/µL for Cp. pecorum, and 16 copies/µL for Cp. psittaci. This method has good repeatability and stability as coefficients of variation range from 0.04% to 1.38%. Furthermore, compared with OIE (World Organization for Animal Health) recommended PCR assay and previously reported animal chlamydia shell PCR, this multiplex PCR assay demonstrated 99% concordance in detecting clinical samples of porcine nasal swabs and vaginal swabs. CONCLUSIONS The novel established method in this study was able to detect 3 types of Chlamydia species simultaneously, and had high sensitivity, strong specificity, and good stability. It provided a rapid, reliable, and convenient method for epidemiological and clinical diagnosis of chlamydiosis in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuping Nie
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China (mainland).,Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center of Import and Export Food Safety, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Qian Gong
- Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center of Import and Export Food Safety, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Yang
- Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center of Import and Export Food Safety, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Cunxian Xi
- Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center of Import and Export Food Safety, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Yu Wang
- Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center of Import and Export Food Safety, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Guomin Wang
- Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center of Import and Export Food Safety, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Lei Zhang
- Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center of Import and Export Food Safety, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Xianliang Li
- Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center of Import and Export Food Safety, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Danqun Huo
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Changjun Hou
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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Shao L, Guo Y, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Wang M, You C, Liu Q. Sensitivity of the Standard Chlamydia trachomatis Culture Method Is Improved After One Additional In Vitro Passage. J Clin Lab Anal 2016; 30:697-701. [PMID: 26987564 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydia trachomatis causes the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. Although highly sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are used to routinely diagnose chlamydial infection, C. trachomatis isolation by cell culture is still preferred for legal cases and epidemiological studies because of its high specificity; however, the sensitivity of traditional two-passage diagnostic cultures is significantly lower than that of NAATs. Therefore, we sought to analyze if additional in vitro passaging of clinical samples would improve detection sensitivity of C. trachomatis. METHODS Clinical swabs (n = 428) were collected from Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, grown in McCoy cells for up to five passages, and analyzed for the presence of inclusions by iodine staining. Results were confirmed by routine PCR-based methods. RESULTS Viable C. trachomatis organisms were detected in 91 (21.26%) swabs with the traditional two-passage protocol, which increased to 145 (33.88%) and 149 (34.81%) following three and four passages, respectively. Thus, the standard protocol yielded a false-negative rate of nearly 39%. Subsequent PCR-based diagnostics revealed a concordance rate of 80.98% between these two methods without any false negatives. CONCLUSION The results of this study support the use of a three-passage Chlamydia culture procedure to increase the detection sensitivity of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Shao
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanli Guo
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanjun Liu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Cong You
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Quanzhong Liu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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