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Kusjuriansah K, Rodhiyah M, Syifa NA, Luthfianti HR, Waresindo WX, Hapidin DA, Suciati T, Edikresnha D, Khairurrijal K. Composite Hydrogel of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Loaded by Citrus hystrix Leaf Extract, Chitosan, and Sodium Alginate with In Vitro Antibacterial and Release Test. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13306-13322. [PMID: 38524413 PMCID: PMC10955567 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Citrus hystrix leaves have been used traditionally as a spice, a traditional medicine for respiratory and digestive disorders, and a remedy for bacterial infections. This study reports on the synthesis of composite hydrogels using the freeze-thaw method with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as the building block loaded by C. hystrix leaf extract (CHLE). Additionally, chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SA) were also loaded, respectively, to increase the antibacterial activity and to control the extract release of the composite hydrogels. The combinations of the compositions were PVA, PVA/CHLE, PVA/CHLE/CS, PVA/CHLE/SA, and PVA/CHLE/SA/CS. The internal morphology of the hydrogels shows some changes after the PVA/CHLE hydrogel was loaded by CS, SA, and SA/CS. The analysis of the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra confirmed the presence of PVA, CHLE, CS, and SA in the composite hydrogels. From the X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization, it was shown that the composite hydrogels maintained their semicrystalline properties with decreasing crystallinity degree after being loaded by CS, SA, and SA/CS, as also supported by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) characterization. The compressive strength of the PVA/CHLE hydrogel decreases after the loading of CS, SA, and SA/CS, so that it becomes more elastic. Despite being loaded in the composite hydrogels, the CHLE retained its antibacterial activity, as evidenced in the in vitro antibacterial test. The loading of CS succeeded in increasing the antibacterial activity of the composite hydrogels, while the loading of SA resulted in the decrease of the antibacterial activity. The release of extract from the composite hydrogels was successfully slowed down after the loading of CS, SA, and SA/CS, resulting in a controlled release following the pseudo-Fickian diffusion. The cytotoxic activity test proved that all hydrogel samples can be used safely on normal cells up to concentrations above 1000 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusjuriansah Kusjuriansah
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Marathur Rodhiyah
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Nabila Asy Syifa
- Doctoral
Program of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Halida Rahmi Luthfianti
- Doctoral
Program of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - William Xaveriano Waresindo
- Doctoral
Program of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Dian Ahmad Hapidin
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Tri Suciati
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Institut
Teknologi Bandung, Jalan
Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Dhewa Edikresnha
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- University
Center of Excellence—Nutraceutical, Bioscience and Biotechnology
Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Khairurrijal Khairurrijal
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- University
Center of Excellence—Nutraceutical, Bioscience and Biotechnology
Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Institut
Teknologi Sumatera, Jl.
Terusan Ryacudu, Lampung 35365, Indonesia
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Ulhaq ZS. Synergistic anti-malarial effects of Ocimum sanctum leaf extract and artemisinin. ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2023; 41:250-251. [PMID: 36707285 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq
- Research Center for Pre-Clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong, Indonesia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Maulana Malik Ibrahim Islamic State University of Malang, Batu, East Java, Indonesia.
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Fan SJ, Chen JY, Tang CH, Zhao QY, Zhang JM, Qin YC. Edible plant extracellular vesicles: An emerging tool for bioactives delivery. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1028418. [PMID: 36569896 PMCID: PMC9773994 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1028418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular vesicles (EVs) in edible food have a typical saucer-like structure and are nanoparticles released by numerous cells. They have different components and interact with other biological samples in diverse ways. Therefore, these nanoparticles could be used to develop bioactives delivery nanoplatforms and anti-inflammatory treatments to meet the stringent demands of current clinical challenges. This review aims to summarize current researches into EVs from edible plants, particularly those that can protect siRNAs or facilitate drug transportation. We will discuss their isolation, characterization and functions, their regulatory effects under various physiological and pathological conditions, and their immune regulation, anti-tumor, regeneration, and anti-inflammatory effects. We also review advances in their potential application as bioactives carriers, and medicinal and edible plants that change their EVs compositions during disease to achieve a therapy propose. It is expected that future research on plant-derived EVs will considerably expand their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jie Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao-Hua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yu-Chang Qin, ; Jun-Min Zhang,
| | - Yu-Chang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yu-Chang Qin, ; Jun-Min Zhang,
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