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Pathogenicity and risk of cross-species transmission of Aerococcus viridans isolated from Tian-e-zhou National Reserve for Lipotes vexillifer in Shishou, China. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Rosales-Castillo A, Jiménez-Guerra G, Ruiz-Gómez L, Expósito-Ruíz M, Navarro-Marí JM, Gutiérrez-Fernández J. Emerging Presence of Culturable Microorganisms in Clinical Samples of the Genitourinary System: Systematic Review and Experience in Specialized Care of a Regional Hospital. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051348. [PMID: 35268439 PMCID: PMC8911399 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of emerging pathogens responsible for genitourinary infections has increased with technological advances. We conducted a systematic review of publications on the involvement of these microorganisms in genitourinary samples, and we also investigated their presence and antibiotic susceptibility in samples from patients at our regional hospital (Granada, Spain). The MEDLINE database was searched up to 31 December 2020, and a cross-sectional descriptive study was performed of results obtained in urine samples and genital exudates from January 2016 through December 2019. The review highlighted the frequent involvement of Neisseria meningitidis in genital infections, while the data on other microorganisms were consistent with findings in our patient series. The emerging microorganisms most often responsible for urinary tract infections were Streptococcus bovis (58.5%) and Gardnerella vaginalis (23.6%) in females, and S. bovis (32.3%), Aerococcus urinae (18.6%), and Corynebacterium spp. (16.9%) in males; those most frequently reported in genital infections were S. viridans (36.4%) in females and C. glucuronolyticum (32.2%) and G. vaginalis (35.6%) in males. In general, emerging pathogens are resistant to conventional antibiotics such as penicillin. However, there has also been an increase in beta-lactam resistance by the S. bovis group and Corynebacterium spp. The systematic review showed that emerging microorganisms are responsible for only a small percentage of genitourinary infections but are of major clinical interest, with a predominance of the S. bovis group, G. vaginalis, Lactobacillus spp., Aerococcus spp., and Corynebacterium spp. in urine samples and of G. vaginalis and C. glucuronolyticum in genital samples. Given the increasing resistance to antibiotics empirically prescribed in patients with genitourinary infections, it is recommended to create an antibiogram in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rosales-Castillo
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital & Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain;
- Program in Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada & Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Gemma Jiménez-Guerra
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital & Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain; (G.J.-G.); (J.M.N.-M.)
| | - Lara Ruiz-Gómez
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada & Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Manuela Expósito-Ruíz
- Unit of Biostatistics, Department of Statistics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - José María Navarro-Marí
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital & Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain; (G.J.-G.); (J.M.N.-M.)
| | - José Gutiérrez-Fernández
- Program in Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada & Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital & Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain; (G.J.-G.); (J.M.N.-M.)
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada & Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Ionescu MI, Neagoe DȘ, Crăciun AM, Moldovan OT. The Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Caves- Sphingomonas paucimobilis and Hafnia alvei and a Review of Their Involvement in Human Infections. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042324. [PMID: 35206510 PMCID: PMC8872274 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The opportunistic infections with Gram-negative bacilli are frequently reported. The clinical studies are focused on the course of human infectious and very often the source of infection remain unclear. We aim to see if the Gram-negative bacilli isolated from a non-contaminated environment—the caves—are reported in human infections. Eleven samples were collected from six Romanian caves. We used the standard procedure used in our clinical laboratory for bacterial identification and for antibiotic susceptibility testing of the cave isolates. Out of the 14 bacterial strains, three isolates are Gram-negative bacilli—one isolate belong to Hafnia alvei and two strains belong to Sphingomonas paucimobilis. We screened for the published studies—full-text original articles or review articles—that reported human infections with S. paucimobilis and H. alvei. Data sources—PubMed and Cochrane library. We retrieved 447 cases from 49 references—262 cases (58.61%) are S. paucimobilis infections and 185 cases (41.39%) are H. alvei infections. The types of infections are diverse but there are some infections more frequent; there are 116 cases (44.27%) and many infections of the bloodstream with S. paucimobilius (116 cases) and 121 cases (65.41%) are urinary tract infections with H. alvei. The acquired source of the bloodstream infections is reported for 93 of S. paucimobilis bloodstream infections—50 cases (43%) are hospital-acquired, and 40 cases (37%) are community-acquired. Most of the infections are reported in patients with different underlying conditions. There are 80 cases (17.9%) are reported of previously healthy persons. Out of the 72 cases of pediatric infections, 62 cases (86.11%) are caused by S. paucimobilis. There are ten death casualties—three are H. alvei infections, and seven are S. paucimobilis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Ileana Ionescu
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Louis Pasteur, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Microbiology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Dan Ștefan Neagoe
- Department of Microbiology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | | | - Oana Teodora Moldovan
- Emil Racovita Institute of Speleology, Cluj-Napoca Department, Clinicilor 5, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Romanian Institute of Science and Technology, Saturn 24-26, 400504 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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