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Tunio MA, Davies N, Caparros E, Davies J, Foyle S. A five-year review of chemoradiotherapy practice in anal cancer: Radiotherapy audit results from a cancer centre in Wales, UK. TUMORI JOURNAL 2024; 110:186-192. [PMID: 38553430 DOI: 10.1177/03008916241241424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM To review a five-year clinical practice of radical chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for anal cancers at a cancer centre in Wales. METHODS A retrospective audit examined the quality of radical CRT for anal cancers treated between November 2016 and November 2021 by investigating seven critical indicators set by Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and ACT II trials, (1) 95% completion of computed tomography simulation within 14 days of consent, (2) 100% CRT delivery within 28 days of computed tomography simulation, (3) 100% CRT delivery within 28 days of consent, (4) overall treatment time of RT 38 days with > 2 days breaks <5%, (5) 75% completion of concurrent chemotherapy, (6) <2% CRT related colostomies, and (7) <2% the 30-days mortality rate. RESULTS A total of 80 anal cancers received CRT over five years. Around 95.0% underwent computed tomography simulation within 14 days of consent. The observed slight deviation was related to the Covid pandemic in 2020. About 96.3% started CRT within 28 days of computed tomography simulation. The mean duration of CRT was 37.9 days. Radiotherapy (RT) interruptions > 2 days were about 5%, and 67.5% started CRT within 28 days of consent. About 92.5% and 76.2% completed mitomycin and capecitabine without breaks, respectively. The colostomy rate was 1.2%, and the 30-day mortality was 1.2%. CONCLUSION Audit results matched with the standards in six domains. Overall treatment time of 37.9 days, colostomy rates of 1.2%, and the 30-day mortality rate of 1.2% were commendable. Overall time interval between consent and CRT delivery can be achieved by time-constrained measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutahar A Tunio
- South West Wales Cancer Center, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Nicki Davies
- South West Wales Cancer Center, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Elliot Caparros
- South West Wales Cancer Center, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Janis Davies
- South West Wales Cancer Center, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Stuart Foyle
- South West Wales Cancer Center, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, Wales, UK
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Niyoteka S, Seban RD, Rouhi R, Scarsbrook A, Genestie C, Classe M, Carré A, Sun R, La Greca Saint-Esteven A, Chargari C, McKenna J, McDermott G, Malinen E, Tanadini-Lang S, Guckenberger M, Guren MG, Lemanski C, Deutsch E, Robert C. A common [18F]-FDG PET radiomic signature to predict survival in patients with HPV-induced cancers. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:4010-4023. [PMID: 37632562 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) and anal and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC and OPSCC) are mostly caused by oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV). In this paper, we developed machine learning (ML) models based on clinical, biological, and radiomic features extracted from pre-treatment fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]-FDG PET) images to predict the survival of patients with HPV-induced cancers. For this purpose, cohorts from five institutions were used: two cohorts of patients treated for LACC including 104 patients from Gustave Roussy Campus Cancer (Center 1) and 90 patients from Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (Center 2), two datasets of patients treated for ASCC composed of 66 patients from Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (Center 3) and 67 patients from Oslo University Hospital (Center 4), and one dataset of 45 OPSCC patients from the University Hospital of Zurich (Center 5). Radiomic features were extracted from baseline [18F]-FDG PET images. The ComBat technique was applied to mitigate intra-scanner variability. A modified consensus nested cross-validation for feature selection and hyperparameter tuning was applied on four ML models to predict progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) using harmonized imaging features and/or clinical and biological variables as inputs. Each model was trained and optimized on Center 1 and Center 3 cohorts and tested on Center 2, Center 4, and Center 5 cohorts. The radiomic-based CoxNet model achieved C-index values of 0.75 and 0.78 for PFS and 0.76, 0.74, and 0.75 for OS on the test sets. Radiomic feature-based models had superior performance compared to the bioclinical ones, and combining radiomic and bioclinical variables did not improve the performances. Metabolic tumor volume (MTV)-based models obtained lower C-index values for a majority of the tested configurations but quite equivalent performance in terms of time-dependent AUCs (td-AUC). The results demonstrate the possibility of identifying common PET-based image signatures for predicting the response of patients with induced HPV pathology, validated on multi-center multiconstructor data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Niyoteka
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France.
| | - Romain-David Seban
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institut Curie, Saint Cloud, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Rahimeh Rouhi
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Andrew Scarsbrook
- Department of Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Marion Classe
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Pathology Department, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexandre Carré
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Roger Sun
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Cyrus Chargari
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Jack McKenna
- Department of Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Garry McDermott
- Department of Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Eirik Malinen
- Department of Medical Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Matthias Guckenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marianne G Guren
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Claire Lemanski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Deutsch
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Charlotte Robert
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
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Vendrely V, Ronchin P, Minsat M, Le Malicot K, Lemanski C, Mirabel X, Etienne PL, Lièvre A, Darut-Jouve A, de la Fouchardière C, Giraud N, Breysacher G, Argo-Leignel D, Thimonnier E, Magné N, Abdelghani MB, Lepage C, Aparicio T. Panitumumab in combination with chemoradiotherapy for the treatment of locally-advanced anal canal carcinoma: Results of the FFCD 0904 phase II trial. Radiother Oncol 2023; 186:109742. [PMID: 37315583 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Standard treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA)is 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and mitomycin C (MMC) based chemoradiotherapy (CRT). This phase II study (EudraCT: 2011-005436-26) assessed the tolerance and complete response (CR) rate at 8 weeks of panitumumab (Pmab) combined with MMC-5FU-based CRT. METHODS Patients with locally advanced tumors without metastases (T2 > 3 cm, T3-T4, or N + whatever T stage) were treated with IMRT up to 65 Gy and concomitant CT according to the doses defined by a previous phase I study (MMC: 10 mg/m2; 5FU: 400 mg/m2; Pmab: 3 mg/kg). The expected CR rate was 80%. RESULTS Forty-five patients (male: 9, female: 36; median age: 60.1 [41.5-81]) were enrolled in 15 French centers. The most common related grade 3-4 toxicities observed were digestive (51.1%), hematologic (lymphopenia: 73.4%; neutropenia: 11.1%), radiation dermatitis (13.3%), and asthenia (11.1%) with RT interruption in 14 patients. One patient died because of mesenteric ischemia during the CRT, possibly related to treatment. In ITT analysis, the CR rate at 8 weeks after CRT was 66.7% [90%CI: 53.4-78.2]. Median follow-up was 43.6 months [IC 95%: 38.61-47.01]. Overall survival, recurrence-free and colostomy-free survival at 3 years were 80% [95%CI: 65.1-89], 62.2% [IC95%: 46.5-74.6] and 68.8 % [IC95%: 53.1-80.2] respectively. CONCLUSION Panitumumab in combination with CRT for locally advanced SCCA failed to meet the expected CR rate and exhibited a poor tolerance. Furthermore, late RFS, CFS, and OS did not suggest any outcome improvement to justify further clinical trials. CLINICALTRIALS gov identifier: NCT01581840.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Vendrely
- Radiation Oncology Department, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; BRIC (BoRdeaux Institute of OnCology), UMR1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | | | | | - Karine Le Malicot
- Fédération Francophone de Cancérologie Digestive, University of Burgundy, Biostatistics, Dijon, France, EPICAD INSERM LNC-UMR 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Claire Lemanski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Xavier Mirabel
- Radiotherapy Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
| | | | - Astrid Lièvre
- Gastroenterology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes 1 University, Inserm U1242 COSS (Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress Signaling), Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Nicolas Giraud
- Radiation Oncology Department, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | - Nicolas Magné
- Radiotherapy and Oncology Department, Institut de Cancérologie Lucien Neuwirth, Saint Priest en Jarez, France
| | | | - Côme Lepage
- Department of Hepato-gastroenterology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Thomas Aparicio
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Acceptance of physical activity monitoring in cancer patients during radiotherapy, the GIROfit phase 2 pilot trial. Tech Innov Patient Support Radiat Oncol 2022; 22:16-21. [PMID: 35402741 PMCID: PMC8991372 DOI: 10.1016/j.tipsro.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity trackers were well accepted and regularly worn by cancer patients during treatment. In some patients a decrease in step counts correlated with the onset of side effects or quality of life impairments. Activity trackers may be a useful tool to remotely identify patients who are in need of supportive care.
Background In radiotherapy the timely identification of patients needing intervention and supportive care due to side effects is an important task especially in the outpatient setting. Activity trackers as an increasingly used lifestyle device may enable physicians to monitor patient’s physical activity (PA) and to intervene early during the course of radiotherapy. Objective The primary aim of this trial was to assess patient acceptance of PA monitoring in an outpatient setting and to correlate changes in PA with toxicity and changes in quality of life. Methods Patients undergoing radio(chemo-)therapy with a curative intent were eligible to participate in this prospective pilot phase II trial. Patients were instructed to wear a commercially available activity tracker during the course of radiotherapy and four weeks afterwards. Quality of life (QoL) and fatigue was scored using the Functional assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy questionnaire. A linear regression was performed to determine baseline activity and changes in step counts during radiotherapy. Results We included 23 patients in this trial. Two withdrew consent before the start of treatment, two patients were excluded after prophylactic feeding tube placement and prolonged recovery. Compliance in the remaining 19 patients was high, with availability of step-counts on 92% of the days. Baseline step counts were 6274 for breast cancer patients and 3621 for patients with other entities. Decreasing activity during radiotherapy coincided with the development of side effects and declines in quality of life. Conclusions Activity trackers as tool to monitor PA during and after radiotherapy were accepted by a majority of the patients included in the current trial. Observed changes in PA correlated with patient reported side effects and QoL in some of the patients.
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Mahmood A, Bhuva N, Fokas E, Glynne-Jones R. Compliance to chemoradiation in squamous cell carcinoma of the anus. Cancer Treat Rev 2022; 106:102381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Peiffert D, Huguet F, Vendrely V, Moureau-Zabotto L, Rivin Del Campo E, Créhange G, Dietmann AS, Moignier A. Radiotherapy of anal canal cancer. Cancer Radiother 2021; 26:279-285. [PMID: 34955416 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We present the update of the recommendations of the French society for radiation oncology on external radiotherapy and brachytherapy of anal canal carcinoma. The following guidelines are presented: indications, treatment procedure, as well as dose and dose-constraints objectives, immediate postoperative management, post-treatment evaluation, and long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Peiffert
- Département de radiothérapie, Institut de cancérologie de Lorraine Alexis-Vautrin, avenue de Bourgogne, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - F Huguet
- Service de radiothérapie, hôpital Tenon, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - V Vendrely
- Service d'oncologie-radiothérapie, hôpital Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, avenue de Magellan, 33600 Pessac, France; Inserm U1035, université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - L Moureau-Zabotto
- Service de radiothérapie, institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13000 Marseille, France
| | - E Rivin Del Campo
- Service de radiothérapie, hôpital Tenon, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - G Créhange
- Département d'oncologie radiothérapie, institut Curie, 25, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A-S Dietmann
- Département de radiothérapie, Institut de cancérologie de Lorraine Alexis-Vautrin, avenue de Bourgogne, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - A Moignier
- Service de physique médicale, Institut de cancérologie de l'Ouest centre René-Gauducheau, 44805 Saint-Herblain, France
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Giunta EF, Bregni G, Hendlisz A, Sclafani F. Anal squamous cell carcinoma: standards of care, new data and ongoing clinical trials. Curr Opin Oncol 2021; 33:372-377. [PMID: 33882526 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize current standards of care, discuss results of recent studies and present ongoing clinical trials for anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC). RECENT FINDINGS Over the last year, no practice changing studies have been reported in the setting of localised ASCC. A number of retrospective analyses, however, have provided practice-informing data, such as those confirming the negative impact of low compliance to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on patient outcomes. In contrast, and for the first time, randomized evidence has become available to inform the management of advanced tumours. The InterAACT trial represents a key milestone in the evidence-building process for this disease, establishing carboplatin plus paclitaxel as a new standard of care for treatment-naïve advanced ASCC patients. Furthermore, more data have accumulated about the value of triplet chemotherapy in the first-line setting and of immune checkpoint inhibitors (either as single agents or in combination with other agents) in the refractory setting. SUMMARY Recent findings have the potential to improve the treatment quality standards and overall outcome of patients with either localised or advanced ASCC. Results from ongoing clinical trials will hopefully provide useful insights into the management of this disease and further shape current treatment paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Francesco Giunta
- Medical Oncology Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Bregni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet - Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alain Hendlisz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet - Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francesco Sclafani
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet - Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Slørdahl KS, Klotz D, Olsen JÅ, Skovlund E, Undseth C, Abildgaard HL, Brændengen M, Nesbakken A, Larsen SG, Hanekamp BA, Holmboe L, Tvedt R, Sveen A, Lothe RA, Malinen E, Kaasa S, Guren MG. Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors after chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer. Acta Oncol 2021; 60:921-930. [PMID: 33966592 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2021.1918763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) is a rare malignancy with rising incidence, associated with human papilloma virus (HPV). Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the preferred treatment. The purpose was to investigate treatment failure, survival and prognostic factors after CRT. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this prospective observational study from a large regional centre, 141 patients were included from 2013 to 2017, and 132 were eligible for analysis. The main inclusion criteria were SCCA, planned radiotherapy, and performance status (ECOG) ≤2. Patient characteristics, disease stage, treatment, and treatment response were prospectively registered. Disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and locoregional treatment failure after CRT were analysed. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated with Cox`s proportional hazards model. RESULTS Median follow-up was 54 (range 6-71) months. Eighteen patients (14%) had treatment failures after CRT; of these 10 (8%) had residual tumour, and 8 (6%) relapse as first failure. The first treatment failure was locoregional (11 patients), distant (5 patients), and both (2 patients). Salvage abdomino-perineal resection was performed in 10 patients, 2 had resections of metastases, and 3 both. DFS was 85% at 3 years and 78% at 5 years. OS was 93% at 3 years and 86% at 5 years. In analyses adjusted for age and gender, HPV negative tumours (HR 2.5, p = 0.024), N3 disease (HR 2.6, p = 0.024), and tumour size ≥4 cm (HR 2.4, p = 0.038) were negative prognostic factors for DFS. CONCLUSION State-of-the-art chemoradiotherapy for SCCA resulted in excellent outcomes, and improved survival compared with previous national data, with <15% treatment failures and a 3-year DFS of >80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathinka S. Slørdahl
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dagmar Klotz
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan-Åge Olsen
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Skovlund
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | - Morten Brændengen
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arild Nesbakken
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stein Gunnar Larsen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bettina A. Hanekamp
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laila Holmboe
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Tvedt
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anita Sveen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild A. Lothe
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Malinen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stein Kaasa
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Grønlie Guren
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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MRI-Based Radiomics Input for Prediction of 2-Year Disease Recurrence in Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020193. [PMID: 33430396 PMCID: PMC7827348 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Exclusive chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for non-metastatic anal squamous cell carcinomas. Identifying novel prognostic factors could help to improve CRT outcomes, notably for locally advanced diseases where relapses still occur in around 35% of patients. In this study, we aim to assess the potential value of a pre-therapeutic MRI radiomic analysis added to standard clinical variables in order to build a logistic regression model predicting 2-year recurrence after CRT. In a population of 82 patients randomly divided in training (n = 54) and testing (n = 28) sets, after selection of optimal variables, a model using two radiomic (FirstOrder_Entropy and GLCM_JointEnergy) and two clinical (tumor size and CRT length) features was able to predict the 2-year recurrence with good performances in the testing set. Radiomic biomarkers provided valuable additional and independent information added to clinical data, and could help contribute to identify high risk patients amenable to treatment intensification with view of personalized medicine. Abstract Purpose: Chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for non-metastatic anal squamous cell carcinomas (ASCC). Despite excellent results for T1-2 stages, relapses still occur in around 35% of locally advanced tumors. Recent strategies focus on treatment intensification, but could benefit from a better patient selection. Our goal was to assess the prognostic value of pre-therapeutic MRI radiomics on 2-year disease control (DC). Methods: We retrospectively selected patients with non-metastatic ASCC treated at the CHU Bordeaux and in the French FFCD0904 multicentric trial. Radiomic features were extracted from T2-weighted pre-therapeutic MRI delineated sequences. After random division between training and testing sets on a 2:1 ratio, univariate and multivariate analysis were performed on the training cohort to select optimal features. The correlation with 2-year DC was assessed using logistic regression models, with AUC and accuracy as performance gauges, and the prediction of disease-free survival using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: A total of 82 patients were randomized in the training (n = 54) and testing sets (n = 28). At 2 years, 24 patients (29%) presented relapse. In the training set, two clinical (tumor size and CRT length) and two radiomic features (FirstOrder_Entropy and GLCM_JointEnergy) were associated with disease control in univariate analysis and included in the model. The clinical model was outperformed by the mixed (clinical and radiomic) model in both the training (AUC 0.758 versus 0.825, accuracy of 75.9% versus 87%) and testing (AUC 0.714 versus 0.898, accuracy of 78.6% versus 85.7%) sets, which led to distinctive high and low risk of disease relapse groups (HR 8.60, p = 0.005). Conclusion: A mixed model with two clinical and two radiomic features was predictive of 2-year disease control after CRT and could contribute to identify high risk patients amenable to treatment intensification with view of personalized medicine.
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